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Iron deficiency is one of the most prevalent nutritional disorders in the world today. It accounts for approximately 50% of anemic cases which results in impaired reproductive performance, work capacity and cognitive development. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is increasing particularly in women of reproductive age. Anemia is classified based on different criteria such as nutritional status, genetic factor and morphology of red blood cells (RBC). The most common cause of anemia in the world is iron deficiency which leads to decreased production of RBC, increased destruction of RBC, increased iron requirements, inadequate iron absorption, blood loss which may be due to strenuous exercise, malaria, hookworm infestation and other chronic diseases. The diagnosis of anemia needs sufficient clinical attention, to ascertain the etiology, type, and severity which forms the basis for treatment of anemia reflected by low hemoglobin and storage forms of iron. Dietary iron absorption occurs mostly in the duodenum and upper jejunum of the small intestine. Iron in the ferrous state is easily absorbed than in ferric iron state. To address IDA, public health measures at both national and international levels have been developed which concentrates on implementation of anemia prevention programs and policy measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food security projects have to use tools to interact with communities in order to approach a chain of interconnected problems, as well as to engage the plurality of community voices/actors in a growing future challenges scenarios. This work presents innovative educational tool developed to engaging community voices to understand food insecurity and to create local solutions. The 16 workshops inspired on the theory of the Pedagogy of the Oppressed , involved a total of 270 participants across the four case studies in remote Tanzanian villages. The results show that community voices and local problem perceptions significantly differed between the case study regions, which had a strong impact on coping strategies and nutritional status. In Morogoro, e.g., food insecurity was mainly related to conflicts. Smallholders with anemia prefer to avoid meat and milk as these products come from livestock keepers who have destroyed their crop farm production. More than 70 local diverse solutions were identified. The acceptance of the educational tools used was highly appreciated at local level compared to more conventional procedures (e.g. questionnaires). The pedagogical methods applied in this work served to raise the communities’ voices, to promote consciences about communities’ problems, and reframing their images of the future. The understanding of community perceptions might help with the implementation of sustainable nutrition-sensitive innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of MedULA is the property of Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Antropo is the property of Antropo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study is to evaluate risk factors of nutritional anemia in children aged 9 to 18 years. This research was performed in 918 children (mean age 15.03±2.48 years) living in the city of Timişoara and in surrounding areas. We observed that red meat is consumed more frequently by a higher percentage of boys compared to girls (17.0% versus 9.4%; χ²=l-54, p=0.21). We noticed that boys drink more milk than girls: 18.2% consume more than 2 drinks per day, compared to 8.2% (χ²=55.15, p<0.001). We found a statistically significant difference between boys and girls regarding fruits consumption (28.53% versus 43.01%; χ²=9-58, p=0.048) and juice drinking (34.15% versus 25.9%; χ²=12-77, p=0.012). Finally, we observed that there is no statistically significant difference between boys and girls regarding fast-food consumption (28.8% versus 19%; χ²=5.18, p=0.26). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) is a rare neurological complication of cobalamin deficiency, characterized by demyelination of the dorsal and lateral spinal cord. The diagnosis and treatment of SCD can be delayed if a patient does not present with clear clinical and laboratory signs of nutritional anemia, which has a marked effect on neurological recovery. We report a 62-year-old man with SCD with a history of gastric cancer and chronic alcoholism who presented with ataxia, gait disturbance, urinary incontinence, and limb weakness, but without other clinical or laboratory signs of cobalamin deficiency. The SCD diagnosis was confirmed by 3-Tesla MRI, which showed intramedullary signal alteration in the posterior columns of the entire spinal cord. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Introduction: Parmi les anémies nutritionnelles, les anémies macrocytaires occupent la deuxième place après les carences martiales particulièrement fréquentes dans la population âgée. Les objectifs de ce travail sont de décrire le profil clinique et évolutif des patients adressés pour anémie macrocytaire. Matériels et méthodes: Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective portant sur une série de 30 patients originaires du Cap Bon hospitalisés entre 1 janvier 2009 et Septembre 2009 pour bilan d’une anémie macrocytaire. Pour chacun on recueille l’âge, les antécédents, un examen physique minutieux, le dosage de la vitamine B12 et des Folates ont étés réalisés à l’Institut Pasteur, l’orientation diagnostique est apportée par l’hémogramme, le myélogramme et l’étude endoscopique Résultats: L’âge moyen de nos patients est de 59 ans avec une prédominance de femmes (60 %). Une consommation d’alcool était notée chez 20 % des patients. Le syndrome anémique est présent chez la totalité des patients. L’atteinte neurologique (syndrome cordonal postérieur, syndrome pyramidal, polyneuropathies sensitivomotrices) est observée chez 16 % des sujets. Le taux moyen d’hémoglobine est de 6,24 g/dl. L’anémie est inférieure ou égale 6g/dl chez la moitié de la population (53,3 %). La leucopénie est présente chez 43,3 % de nos patients. Les valeurs de la vitamine B12 se situaient entre 17,5 et 115pmol/l. Les concentrations sériques de folates sont normales chez tous les patients. L’étude gastrique réalisée chez 19 patients montre une atrophie fundique (6 cas), une gastrite atrophique (2 cas), une antro-bulbite congestive ou ulcéreuse (2 cas). Une réponse favorable au traitement vitaminique a été obtenue chez 90 % de nos malades. Un seul décès a été notée suite à d’autres pathologies associées (cardiopathie sous jacente et insuffisance rénale débutante). Conclusion: Les anémies macrocytaires sont souvent méconnues en raison de manifestations cliniques frustes. Le traitement est essentiellement substitutif et est efficace quand la vitamine déficitaire est bien identifiée. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]