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The present work describes a method known as techniques for measuring toxic Bentazon, one of the most problematic pesticides polluting in water samples, and extremely harmful to humans and animals even at low concentrations using G-C3N4nanosheets sensor. Here, we report the use of an electrochemical approach for analytical determination of toxic Bentazon that takes 100 s. The calibration curve was linear in the range of (0.2 to 16.0 µmol L−1). The current response was linearly proportional to the Bentazon concentration with a R2~ 0.99. We demonstrated a sensitivity a limits of detection of (0.2 µmol L−1), and quantification of (0.22 µmol L−1), were obtained for the proposed electrochemical sensor by nanosheets G-C3N4/CPE with (99%) which is below the U.S. Health Advisory level. Finally, the developed nanosheets G-C3N4/CPE based sensor was used to detect toxic bentazon in water samples with high accuracy, and sensor nanosheets G-C3N4/CPE were introduced for other toxics analysis in samples.

In this study, the applicability of adsorbent Chitosan@Fe2(MoO4)3nanocomposite was employed as a novel adsorbent for removing Reactive red198 dye from wastewater. Identical techniques, including BET, FT-IR, pH zero, and SEM, have to characterize this unknown material, and the effect of initial concentration (2–50 mgL−1), with temperature (298–308 K) on adsorption potential was analyzed in a batch system. The variables' impacts include Reactive red198 dye concentration, adsorbent, pH, and time (10 mgL−1, 0.15 g, 4.0, and 40.0 min). Based on the received data, the adsorption mechanism of Reactive red198 dye on the Chitosan@Fe2(MoO4)3nanocomposite adsorbent agrees well with the Langmuir adsorption model isotherm (qm, exp ≈ qm, cal= 69.0 mgg−1), and pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2: 0.998). The results of the thermodynamic parameter showed a negative enthalpy (- 2.92 kJ mol−1), a negative Gibbs free energy (−15.25 kJ mol−1), and negative entropy (−39.28 kJ K−1mol−1). This led to the conclusion that the adsorption process is energetically possible, and exothermic was also spontaneous. The values at the optimized process conditions indicated a commercially viable route for the optimal removal of dyes from industrial wastewater. The results indicated that Chitosan@Fe2(MoO4)3nanocomposite showed great potential as an affordable and efficient adsorbent for treating wastewater.