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Power transformer insulating oil is essential to the transformer’s usable life. Mineral base transformer insulation oil is the most commonly used type; however, biodegradable alternatives have been developed due to safety and environmental concerns. This paper improves the insulation properties of power system transformers through the utilization of natural liquid-based insulation with additives. This work aims to enhance the functionality and dependability of transformer insulation-based vegetable seed oil for power system analysis. Here, vegetable seed oil-based natural liquid is used, which includes soybean oil, maize oil, mustard oil, and rice bran oil, which are chosen for analysis together with artificial and natural antioxidants like propyl gallate and citric acid. Blending vegetable seed oil with mineral oil of different compositions and adding additional 0.5 g and 1 g of additives allows for the analysis of the property improvement. The different properties, both with and without the influence of additives, are assessed in accordance with IEC/ASTM standards for breakdown voltage, water content, flash point, fire point, acidity, viscosity, and interfacial tension. The results demonstrate that the proposed natural liquid-based insulation with additives exhibits superior electrical and thermal properties compared to conventional insulation systems. It shows enhanced dielectric strength, improved thermal conductivity, and better resistance to ageing effects. These improvements give the reliability and efficiency of power system transformers. The findings indicate that the proposed insulation system offers significant environmental benefits compared to traditional mineral oil-based insulation.

An Innovative Modular multilevel matrix converter (M3C) is proposed with reduced number of switching device owing to the improved efficiency, reduced cost and minimizes the size. Offshore Low-Frequency AC (LFAC) transmissions are economical with greater reliability for short and intermediate distance transmissions. Similar to HVDC, it increases the transmission capacity and also distance can be increased in LFAC.M3C is proposed as frequency converters for LFAC transmissions which link AC systems operating at 16.7 and 50 Hz. The double αβ0 transform control technique has been the most often used approach for decoupling control of input, output and circulating currents in such applications. The performances of this work’s proposed modular multilevel matrix converters are analysed using simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK software.

Transformers are most vibrant equipment of power system network and petroleum base mineral oil is used as dielectric insulating medium and cooling medium. At present more research works are focused towards natural esters based fluids as prospectivedisplace to traditional mineral oil, due to similar properties of transformer oil, high availability of resources, high biodegradability and environmental friendly nature. This work emphasizes on enhancement of properties of natural ester using antioxidants. Natural esters such as mustard oil, rice bran oil, punna oil and castor oil are chosen for investigation along with antioxidants such as gallic acid, citric acid, propyl gallate and tertiary butylated hydroxy quinone. Natural esters are mixed with 1 g, 2 g, 3 g and 5 g of antioxidants for the investigations. The critical properties like breakdown voltage, flash point, fire point, viscosity, interfacial tension, water content and acidity of natural esters are analyzed based on IEC/ASTM standards before and after addition of antioxidants. From this study, it is noted that antioxidants improve the characteristics of natural esters after addition of it and properties are superior to the traditional mineral oil.By the suitable proportion of fluids the 80–90% of characteristics betterment are achieved with the influence of fatty acid based additives.