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The methanolic extract from the flower buds of Cananga odoratashowed an inhibitory effect on melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated murine B16 melanoma 4A5 cells. From the methanolic extract, two new lignan dicarboxylates, canangalignans I and II, three new terpenoids, canangaterpenes I, II, and III, and eight known compounds were isolated. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of chemical/physicochemical evidence. Several mono- and sesquiterpene analogues significantly inhibited melanogenesis. In particular, canangaterpene I and (3R,3aR,8aS)-3-isopropyl-8a-methyl-8-oxo-1,2,3,3a,6,7,8,8a-octahydroazulene-5-carbaldehyde exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on melanogenesis [inhibition (%): 34.7 ± 4.2 (p< 0.01), 45.5 ± 5.7 (p< 0.01) at 1 μM, respectively] without inducing cytotoxicity. Moreover, the biological effect of these compounds was much stronger than that of the reference compound, arbutin. Thus, these isolated terpenoid derivatives may be promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of several skin disorders.

Zingiber cassumunaris widely distributed in Asia, and its rhizomes are used for asthma treatment in traditional medicine and as a spice. Five new phenylbutanoids, cassumunols I–M (1-5), were isolated from Z cassumunarrhizomes collected in Thailand, and their structures were characterized on the basis of physiochemical and chemical evidence.

A 28-noroleanane-type triterpene oligoglycoside, camellioside E (4), an oleanane-type triterpene oligoglycoside, camellioside F (5), and the known compounds camelliosides A (1) and D (3) were isolated from a 50% EtOH extract of Camellia japonicaflower buds from Korea. The principal constituents (1and 5) significantly inhibited melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated B16 melanoma 4A5 cells. Camellioside B (2), a major constituent of C. japonicagrown in Japan, showed potent inhibition of melanogenesis [95.0 ± 1.0% (p< 0.01) at 20 μM]. The inhibitory effects of 1, 2, and 5were stronger than that of the reference compound, arbutin. We believe the melanogenesis inhibitory effects of 2and 5are partly related to the proliferation inhibitory effects in B16 melanoma 4A5 cells. Conversely, camelliosides tended to enhance proliferation in normal human neonatal skin fibroblasts. Interestingly, camellioside B (2) significantly accelerated fibroblast proliferation. This biological selectivity could make camellioside B useful for treating skin disorders. Herein, we report the first scientific investigation of a triterpene that displays an inhibitory effect on melanogenesis, but that also has an enhancing effect on fibroblast proliferation.

The methanolic extract and its saponin fraction (methanol-eluted fraction) of the flowers of Bellis perenniswere found to suppress serum triglyceride elevation in olive oil-treated mice. From the saponin fraction, seven new triterpene saponins, perennisosides I ( 1), II ( 2), III ( 3), IV ( 4), V ( 5), VI ( 6), and VII ( 7), were isolated together with four known saponins, bellidioside A ( 8), asterbatanoside D ( 9), bernardioside B 2( 10), and bellissaponin BS6 ( 11). The stereostructures of 1− 7were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. Among these saponins, perennisosides I ( 1) and II ( 2) showed inhibitory effects on serum triglyceride elevation at doses of 25−50 mg/kg, po.

Two new megastigmanes, sarmentoic acid (1) and sarmentol A (2), and six new megastigmane glucosides, sedumosides A1(3), A2(4), A3(5), B (6), C (7), and D (8), were isolated from the whole plant of Sedum sarmentosumtogether with eight known megastigmanes (9−16). The absolute stereostructures of 1−8were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence, including the application of the modified Mosher's method.

In the course of our studies on antidiabetogenic compounds from natural medicines and medicinal foodstuffs, a methanolic extract of the fruits of Solanum lycocarpumshowed an inhibitory effect on the increase of serum glucose levels in oral sucrose-loaded rats. Through bioassay-guided separation, three known steroidal alkaloid oligoglycosides, solamargine (1), solasonine (3), and 12-hydroxysolasonine (5), were isolated from the active fraction together with two new steroidal alkaloid oligoglycosides, robeneosides A (2) and B (4). The major constituents, solamargine (1) and solasonine (3), exhibited an inhibitory effect on the increase of serum glucose levels in oral sucrose-loaded rats. In addition, these compounds suppressed gastric emptying in mice. However, this methanolic extract from S. lycocarpumfruits did not have any effect on intestinal -glucosidase (sucrase and maltase) in vitro. It was concluded that these steroidal alkaloid oligoglycosides, 1and 3, inhibited the increase of rat serum glucose levels by suppressing the transfer of sucrose from the stomach to the small intestine.

The methanolic extract from the branch of Lawsonia inermiswas found to inhibit the invasion of HT1080 cells strongly. The extract and its EtOAc- and 1-BuOH-soluble fractions strongly inhibited the enzyme activities and the secretions of MMPs from HT1080 cells. We, therefore, tried to examine and estimate the active constituents among the constituents isolated. However, there are no active compound among the isolated compounds. Next, we tried to identify the selective binding protein of whole constituents of their extracts. As a result, ribosomal protein S18 (RPs S18, human), 60S ribosomal protein L18 isoform 1 (60S RPs L18 i1, human) and eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2, human) were detected as their selective binding and potential target proteins. To confirm that the proteins are target proteins or not, we examined the effects of their proteins on synthesis of MMPs using siRNA method. With the treatment of siRNA for RPs S18, 60S RPs L18 i1 and eEF2 proteins, the MMP-2 protein synthesis were downregulated in HT1080 cells. MMP-9 productions were also downregulated with the treatment of siRNA for RPs S18 and eEF2. From the results, we reached a conclusion that the extract was considered to have the potential to inhibit the production of MMPs proteins via inhibition of RPs S18 and eEF2 proteins, leading to inhibit the invasion in HT1080 cells.

The methanolic extract of the flower of Bombax ceibawas found to show protective effects on cytotoxicity induced by benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in HT1080 cells. We therefore tried to examine and estimate the active constituents. We isolated 16 compounds from the extract, including four butyrolactones and two ascorbic acid derivatives, as well as mangiferin. Among the isolated compounds, a butyrolactone derivative, (-)-loliolide, and two flavonoids, kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, protected the cells against the BaP-induced cytotoxicity. Quercetin, the aglycone of one of the active constituents, showed a weaker effect than its glycoside. This is the first report of the protective effects of the methanolic extract of B. ceibaand its constituents on BaP-induced cytotoxicity.

Acylated oleanane-type triterpenes named chakasapogenins I (1), II (2), and III (3) were isolated from the hydrolysis product of the extract obtained from the flower buds of Camellia sinensis.The chemical structures of new triterpenes were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. chakasapogenin III (3) inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS) activated RAW264.7 macrophages. In addition, R1-barrigenol (7) showed antiviral effect at 10μM against herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1).

A new acylated oleanane-type triterpene oligoglycoside, floratheasaponin K (1), was isolated together with 11 known compounds including floratheasaponins D (2)–G (5), and I (6), chakasaponin V (7), and assamsaponin E (8) from the flower buds of Camellia sinensiscultivated in India. The chemical structure of floratheasaponin K (1) was elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. In addition, chakasaponins V (7) and I (13) significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS) activated RAW264.7 cells without cytotoxicity.

The methanolic extract [inhibition (%): 61.2±3.8 (p<0.01) at 100 μg/mL] and its EtOAc-soluble fraction [inhibition (%): 82.5±1.7 (p<0.01) at 100 μg/mL] from the sclerotia of Inonotus obliquuscollected in Japan significantly inhibited invasion of human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells through matrigel-coated filters. In addition, the methanolic extract significantly inhibited lung tumor formation fifteen days after injection of B16F10 melanoma cells in mice [inhibition (%) 66.1 ± 12.8 (p< 0.05) at 500 mg/kg/d, p.o.]. Lanostane-type triterpenes were isolated as the common principal constituents from Japanese and Russian I. obliquus.Furthermore, we examine the inhibitory effects of the constituents on the invasion of HT 1080 cells. Interestingly, 3β-hydroxylanosta-8,24-dien-21-al [inhibition (%) 37.9 ± 3.0 (p< 0.05) at 30 μM] significantly inhibited the invasion, and no cytotoxic effect at 30 μM was observed.

The methanol extract of whole Bacopa monnieraplants inhibited pancreatic lipase activity in vitro. From this extract we have reported the isolation of 11 triterpene glycosides and 5 phenylethanoid- and/or phenylpropanoid- glycosides. In this paper, we describe the effects of the methanol extract and/or its constituents on pancreatic lipase activity and the isolation of an active constituent, desrhamnosyl isoacteoside. In addition, the structural requirements for its inhibitory effects were examined. We also examined the effects on the elevation of plasma triglyceride (TG) levels in olive oil loaded mice. The major active constituents, desrhamnosyl isoacteoside and plantainoside B, reduced plasma TG levels in the mice. The inhibitory effects of B. monnieraand its constituents on pancreatic lipase activity and plasma TG level are reported for the first time.

A coumaric acid analogue with a monoterpene moiety named floraosmanol A (1) was isolated from the flowers of Osmanthus fragransvar. aurantiacus.The chemical structure was elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Floraosmanol A (1) significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS) activated RAW264.7 macrophages and the release of β-hexosaminidase as a marker of degranulation from rat basophile leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. In addition, several cinnamic acid analogues were conjugated with geraniol and 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol through an ester linkage. The inhibitory effects on NO production and the release of β-hexosaminidase of the synthesized compounds were examined for structure-activity relationships.

Eight new glycosides, foliachinenoside G (I), F (V), E (VI), I (VIIa), H (VIIb) and foliasalacioside J (II), K (III) and L (IV) are isolated along with 26 known constituents from the methanolic extract of title shrub leaves.

Eight new phenylbutanoids cassumunols A‐H (I)—(IV) are isolated along with 30 known constituents from the rhizomes of the Thai ginger relative Zingiber cassumunar.

Isolation and structural elucidation of the new norolenane‐type triterpene, pfaffianol A (Ia), related triterpene glycosides, pfaffiaglycosides A (Ib) and B (Ic), and three new ecdysterone‐type sterol glycosides, pfaffiaglycosides C (IIa), D (IIb) and E (III) are described.

Together with 17 known compounds, three new cyanoglycosides named hydracyanosides D (I), E (II), and F (III) are isolated from the leaves of Hydrangea macrophylla cultivated in China.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.