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The behavior of chemical looping reforming of methane over the magnetite oxygen carrier (OC) has been investigated by thermodynamic analysis and experiments, which clarified the appropriate operating conditions and material composition. The possible revolution of the reaction composition and the corresponding isothermal redox reactions also have been carried out. Compared with the effect of temperature rise (800–1000 °C) on the formation of carbon deposition, it is more conducive to the reduction of iron oxide. In the oxidation stage, the temperature of 400–650 °C is favorable for inhibiting the formation of C and Fe 3 C, which greatly influenced the quality of hydrogen production. The compounds such as FeTiO 3 , FeTi 2 O 5 and Fe 2 TiO 5 can be regenerated by water vapor. However, FeAl 2 O 4 and MgFe 2 O 4 are irreversible, resulting in the loss of reducible iron species. Equilibrium composition study revealed that syngas with an ideal ratio of (H 2 /CO = 2) can be obtained at a temperature higher than 900 °C, while the carbon deposition has been inhibited. Both the thermodynamic analysis and experiment showed that the chemical thermodynamics analysis method is a leading approach for the reaction characteristic studies of chemical looping reforming of methane. • Magnetite ore is studied as a low-cost oxygen carrier via chemical looping reforming of methane. • The Phase and activity experimental results agree with the thermodynamic analysis. • Suitable operating conditions and magnetite mineral composition are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]