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We define F-algebra–Rinehart pairs and super F-algebroids and study the connection between them. In particular, we prove that every super F-algebroid can be seen as an F-algebra–Rinehart pair. As by product, we provide an algebraic formalization of the notion of F-manifold following Dubrovin’s formalization in the case of Frobenius manifolds.

Glioblastoma (GBM), or grade IV astrocytoma, is a malignant brain cancer that contains subpopulations of proliferative and invasive cells that coordinately drive primary tumor growth, progression, and recurrence after therapy. Here, we have analyzed functions for megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts 1 (Mlc1), an eight-transmembrane protein normally expressed in perivascular brain astrocyte end feet that is essential for neurovascular development and physiology, in the pathogenesis of GBM. We show that Mlc1 is expressed in human stem-like GBM cells (GSCs) and is linked to the development of primary and recurrent GBM. Genetically inhibiting MLC1 in GSCs using RNAi-mediated gene silencing results in diminished growth and invasion in vitro as well as impaired tumor initiation and progression in vivo. Biochemical assays identify the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl and its intracellular signaling effectors as important for MLC1 control of GSC invasive growth. Collectively, these data reveal key functions for MLC1 in promoting GSC growth and invasion, and suggest that targeting the Mlc1 protein or its associated signaling effectors may be a useful therapy for blocking tumor progression in patients with primary or recurrent GBM.

The ongoing transformation of electrical power systems highlights the weaknesses of the protection schemes of traditional devices because they are designed and configured according to traditional characteristics of the system. Therefore, this work proposes a new methodology to study the fault-generated high frequency transient signals in transmission lines through multiresolution analysis. The high frequency components are determined by a new digital filtering technique based on mathematical morphology theory and a spectral energy index. Consequently, wide spectra of signals in the time–frequency domain are obtained. The performance of this method is verified on an electrical power system modeled in ATP-Draw, where simulation and test signals are developed for different locations, fault resistances, inception angles, high frequency noises, sampling frequencies, types of faults, and shapes of the structuring element. The results show the characteristics of the fault such as the traveling wave frequency, location, and starting time.

La carcinomatosis peritoneal (CP) es una entidad tumoral con una alta tasa de morbimortalidad, considerada la evolución común de varias neoplasias abdominopélvicas, entre ellas, el carcinoma de ovario, trompa uterina y peritoneo. Aunque muchos de estos tumores son sensibles a quimioterapia sistémica, el pronóstico es desfavorable por la elevada tasa de recurrencia. La cirugía de citorreducción (CC) se emplea como tratamiento de primera línea en los estadios avanzados, ya que aumenta la supervivencia de los pacientes cuando la CC es óptima. El procedimiento terapéutico descrito por Sugarbaker para el carcinoma de colon en la década de los 80, que incluye CC y quimioterapia intraperitoneal ha sido adaptado a la CP de origen ginecológico. El estudio anatomopatológico de esta cirugía empieza a ser una práctica habitual en algunos de nuestros servicios. Es un procedimiento complejo, que requiere especialización y sistematización para valorar un gran número de piezas quirúrgicas, cuantificando de forma lo más objetiva posible la carga tumoral.

It is clear that lightning strokes produce overvoltages on Transmission Lines (TLs), which can be higher that the Basic Insulator Level (BIL), generating a fault or short circuit. Thus, in order to adequately analyze when a lightning hits on a TL, it is necessary to simulate different elements corresponding to Electric Power Systems (EPSs) as real as possible. In this context, transmission towers are considered crucial parameters in lightning studies, which must be correctly selected and simulated in order to consider reflected voltage waveforms from cross arms. Based on the above said, this paper presents a comparative study corresponding to the transmission tower simulation using two models. The first uses inductances, and the second uses distributed parameters impedances characterized by their impedance and travel time. This paper presents voltage variations that exist in each phase, using different lightning features. Alternative Transients Program (ATP) is used to simulate the TL model considering different lightning currents and the two tower models. Results show that the impedance model analyze reflected waveforms, while that the inductance model does not analyze this issue.

It is well known that lightning strokes produce mal-operation of transmission line protection relays. Where, protection devices cannot identify correctly between lightning stroke that generates or not permanent faults. Thus, when a flash produces a permanent fault, the protection relay sends a trip order, and the Transmission Line (TL) is disconnected correctly. However, when a lightning stroke does not produce a permanent fault, the protection devices also send the trip order, and the TL is disconnected unnecessary. In this context, these phenomena can produce unnecessary electric power outages, producing damage for the society and economic. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly identify between these lightning stroke signals. Besides that, direct lightning strokes, which hit directly on TLs or transmission towers, have usually been analyzed. However, induced lightning strokes, which hit on ground, have not been considered in previous analyzed. In this paper, in order to identify these induced lightning strokes, an algorithm based on a deterministic focus is proposed.

The classical Stokes matrices for the quantum differential equation of $$\mathbb {P}^n$$Pnare computed using multisummation and the ‘monodromy identity’. Thus, we recover the results of D. Guzzetti that confirm Dubrovin’s conjecture for projective spaces. The same method yields explicit formulas for the Stokes matrices of the quantum differential equations of smooth Fano hypersurfaces in $$\mathbb {P}^n$$Pnand for weighted projective spaces.

In this work, we study the elastic scattering of pions at finite temperature using a O(N+1)/O(N)-invariant nonlinear sigma model as an approach to Chiral Perturbation Theory. This model takes, instead of the well-known momentum expansion, a set of N+1pseudoscalar particles, whose perturbative parameter is 1/N. Since strangeness is not considered, the model is fully simplified and allows us to write amplitudes in a very easy way, as we will show here.