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This study intends to determine the health impacts from two office life cycles (St.1 and St.2) using life cycle assessment (LCA) and health risk assessment of indoor metals in coarse particulates (particulate matter with diameters of less than 10 µm). The first building (St.1) is located in the city centre and the second building (St.2) is located within a new development 7 km away from the city centre. All life cycle stages are considered and was analysed using SimaPro software. The trace metal concentrations were determined by inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Particle deposition in the human lung was estimated using the multiple-path particle dosimetry model (MPPD). The results showed that the total human health impact for St.1 (0.027 DALY m −2 ) was higher than St.2 (0.005 DALY m −2 ) for a 50-year lifespan, with the highest contribution from the operational phase. The potential health risk to indoor workers was quantified as a hazard quotient (HQ) for non-carcinogenic elements, where the total values for ingestion contact were 4.38E−08 (St.1) and 2.59E-08 (St.2) while for dermal contact the values were 5.12E-09 (St.1) and 2.58E-09 (St.2). For the carcinogenic risk, the values for dermal and ingestion routes for both St.1 and St.2 were lower than the acceptable limit which indicated no carcinogenic risk. Particle deposition for coarse particles in indoor workers was concentrated in the head, followed by the pulmonary region and tracheobronchial tract deposition. The results from this study showed that human health can be significantly affected by all the processes in office building life cycle, thus the minimisation of energy consumption and pollutant exposures are crucially required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to highlight the level of awareness on e-waste management within the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). A total of 500 questionnaires were sent to 10 selected Faculties and Institutes amongst 300 staffs and 200 students within the university community. The survey response indicates relatively low level of awareness on the issues of e-waste management within the university community. The study also shows that university community is concerned about the toxicity of e-waste. A majority of them also shows a high level of interest in joining e-waste management scheme that would propagate the benefit of proper e-waste management in the university. However, the study reveals a need for increasing awareness not only in the university but also at the municipal levels. The study recommends the University Kebangsaan Malaysia to initiate the establishment of e-waste management scheme within the university campus. The achievement recorded from the scheme can be a ground for creating awareness on e-waste management for the university community as well as the general public. Thus facilitates the aim of achieving sustainable campus in the UKM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ultimate goal for every institution of higher learning is to be sustainable both in learning and development. Over the past years, many initiatives have been implemented to achieving the goal of sustainable campus in the developed countries. Therefore, it is important for all institutions to properly manage the E-waste they generate in order to achieve a sustainable campus. This paper reviews sustainable campus e-waste management initiatives of developed countries like USA and Australia, and also focuses on the assessment of the procedures, practices, and e-waste regulation within UKM. The Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) have followed suite in her commitment to practice sustainable development in full by 2020, and one of the ways to achieving this is through UKM sustainable waste management program, which fall under the sustainable UKM Charter, where E-waste management has become an integral part of this project. Equipments valued above $900 with current exchange rate are classified as asset while below $900 is an inventory and are not recorded in the management data base. The result of this study shows a great concern regarding e-waste management within the University, since increasing number of Faculties and Institutes which leads to increase in the use of electrical and electronic equipments, and this in turn contributes to a greater e-waste generation. Presently, there is lack of specific regulations and policy on e-waste management and practices within the University. Therefore, the study recommends a holistic approach in other to achieve sustainable e-waste management in UKM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to highlight the level of awareness on e-waste management within the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). A total of 500 questionnaires were sent to 10 selected Faculties and Institutes amongst 300 staffs and 200 students within the university community. The survey response indicates relatively low level of awareness on the issues of e-waste management within the university community. The study also shows that university community is concerned about the toxicity of e-waste. A majority of them also shows a high level of interest in joining e-waste management scheme that would propagate the benefit of proper e-waste management in the university. However, the study reveals a need for increasing awareness not only in the university but also at the municipal levels. The study recommends the University Kebangsaan Malaysia to initiate the establishment of e-waste management scheme within the university campus. The achievement recorded from the scheme can be a ground for creating awareness on e-waste management for the university community as well as the general public.Thus facilitates the aim of achieving sustainable campus in the UKM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ultimate goal for every institution of higher learning is to be sustainable both in learning and development. Over the past years, many initiatives have been implemented to achieving the goal of sustainable campus in the developed countries. Therefore, it is important for all institutions to properly manage the E-waste they generate in order to achieve a sustainable campus. This paper reviews sustainable campus e-waste management initiatives of developed countries like USA and Australia, and also focuses on the assessment of the procedures, practices, and e-waste regulation within UKM. The Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) have followed suite in her commitment to practice sustainable development in full by 2020, and one of the ways to achieving this is through UKM sustainable waste management program, which fall under the sustainable UKM Charter, where E-waste management has become an integral part of this project. Equipments valued above $900 with current exchange rate are classified as asset while below $900 is an inventory and are not recorded in the management data base. The result of this study shows a great concern regarding e-waste management within the University, since increasing number of Faculties and Institutes which leads to increase in the use of electrical and electronic equipments, and this in turn contributes to a greater e-waste generation. Presently, there is lack of specific regulations and policy on e-waste management and practices within the University. Therefore, the study recommends a holistic approach in other to achieve sustainable e-waste management in UKM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Impact of land use changes towards air quality at mega urban were investigated. • All air pollutants showed a rising trend, except SO 2 concentrations. • The built-up lands increase with a reduction in vegetation and water bodies area. • The increase of built-up lands responsible for motor vehicle and industrial emissions. • The land use categories have a significant impact on NO, NO 2 , NO x , CO and SO 2. This study aims to determine the impact of land use changes on air quality at the largest conurbation area in Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur Extended Mega Urban Regions (KLEMUR) from 2000 to 2015. Statistical and geostatistical analysis were used to analyse air quality and land use data. The results showed that only the daily average concentration of PM 10 at several stations exceeded the concentration suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO). All air pollutants measured showed a rising trend, with the exception of the SO 2. The land use trends during the 16-year research period showed an increase in built-up lands (4.0 %) and a reduction in vegetation (3.3 %) and water bodies (2.3 %) which caused the spatial distribution of air pollutants to expand from the centre of KLEMUR to the north and south. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demonstrated that 52.68 % of the air pollution was influenced by vehicular and industrial emissions given that the strong factor loadings (>0.70) consisted of NO, NO 2 , NO x , CO and SO 2. The land use changes have a significant impact (p < 0.10) on air pollution in KLEMUR since NO, NO 2 , NO x , CO and SO 2 were positively correlated with the built-up lands and negatively correlated with vegetation and water bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]