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Analyze the possible biomodulatory effect of ozonated oil on standardized surgical wounds in rat skin by histomorphometry. Twenty male rats underwent skin surgery to create a standardized wound in the dorsal region. The rats were randomly divided into 2 groups of 10 animals each. Group 1 corresponded to the control group (CG) and group 2 (OOG) was treated with ozonated oil on the surface of the lesion. The sacrifice period was 5 and 10 days after the skin wound was performed. Skin sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin to assess polymorphonuclear and monomorphonuclear inflammatory infiltrate, vascular density, and re-epithelialization. For collagen analysis, tissue sections were stained with Sirius red. All sections were analyzed by digital histomorphometry. On day 5, the degree of inflammation was smaller and the collagen area was greater in the OOG group (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in the thickness of the epidermis between day 5 and day 10 in the OOG group. The ozonated oil controlled of inflammation, stimulated collagen fiber deposition in the extracellular matrix, and re-epithelialization of the skin lesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited disease characterized by cutaneous basal cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, intracranial calcifications, and rib abnormalities, among other manifestations. A 13-year-old male patient visited a Bucomaxilofacial Surgery Service with his father, presenting a complaint of swelling on the right hemiface. The parent reported a diagnosis of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome for his son, with a medical history of basal cell carcinoma, bifid ribs, and intracranial calcification. Facial asymmetry was evident on the right side in the molar region, with a slight palatal swelling displaying hardened consistency. Imaging findings revealed well-delimited, radiolucent, unilocular lesions. An incisional biopsy was performed in the maxilla, and excisional biopsy was conducted in the bilateral retromolar region. The anatomopathological diagnosis confirmed Odontogenic Keratocyst. Enucleation of the cysts was performed, along with cryotherapy using liquid nitrogen. In the three-year postoperative period, no recurrence of the lesion was observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This experimental study aimed to evaluate the effects of 660 nm laser photobiomodulation, ozone therapy, and ozonized oil on the thermal coefficient of the tissue through infrared thermography in cutaneous wounds of rats. This research was approved by the Ethics Committee (67/2019). Forty rats were distributed in 4 groups of 10 rats each, including control, laser, ozone gas, and ozone oil groups. Each group was divided into subgroups of 5 rats, which were photographed with infrared thermography on days 5 and 10 after skin surgery. There was a reduction in the mean temperature in the wounded area of the control group, with greater variation in the groups submitted to therapies on the first day. On day 5, the groups treated with biomodulative therapies had lower average temperatures than the control group, especially the ozone gas group (P <.05). Ten days after surgery, there was no significant difference in the thermal coefficient between the groups (P >.05), except for the ozone gas group, which had an average higher temperature (35.1°C). The use of thermograms can be useful to monitor the microcirculation pattern during tissue repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 40-year-old woman diagnosed with sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma was referred by the nursing team due to a "fetid odor that diffuses throughout the environment." In her medical history, the patient had multiple episodes of hypersensitivity reactions due to penicillin, cisplatin, and fluorouracil. On physical examination, an extensive area of gingival necrosis, presenting as a large and painful ulcerated area with exposure of the buccal and lingual mandibular bone, resulting in dental root exposure, was noticed. Skin ulceration and pigment change in both hands and arms were present. In a multidisciplinary approach, chemotherapy was interrupted and an intravenous antibiotic was administered. For oral lesions, chlorhexidine 0.12% and nystatin mouthwash were prescribed 4 times a day. In addition, weekly antimicrobial photodynamic therapy was performed. After 4 weeks of clinical follow-up, oral lesions were healing, and areas of epithelialization were seen. Unfortunately, the patient died from her malignancies during follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteoradionecrosis is a common complication of radiotherapy observed in patients with head and neck cancer. A 60-year-old male patient presented to a buccomaxillofacial service reporting pain in the mandibular body. He had a previous cancer diagnosis on the amygdala and jaw osteoradionecrosis. Extraoral physical exam revealed the presence of a fistula with necrotic bone exposure at the left submandibular region. In the oral cavity, bone exposure through the fistula at the mandibular alveolar edge was observed. Imaginologic findings showed a radiolucent area on the mandibular body, as well as horizontal and vertical bone loss. After adequacy of the oral environment was assessed, the patient was submitted to sessions of ozone therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. At the end of these therapies, the patient was submitted to a mandibulectomy, with posterior oral rehabilitation. Two years after the surgery, the osteoradionecrosis relapsed and the patient is currently under palliative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the adherence of patients with head and neck cancer who underwent radiotherapy or radio-chemotherapy combined to the preventive laser photobiomodulation protocol in a public health service.Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, whose population sample included patients with malignant head and neck neoplasms. Thirty head and neck cancer patients undergoing cancer treatment, were examined and interviewed through a record of signs and symptoms of oral mucositis (OM) and adherence to the preventive laser photobiomodulation protocol, that began in the first session of radiotherapy, and included the laser application three times a week during the 3-week period. The collected data were documented, and the descriptive and inferential statistics were performed with a significance level of p < 0.05.Results: It was observed that 66.6% of patients developed OM. There was a predominance of degrees I and II, with 36.8% and 31.6%, respectively. A total of fifteen patients (50%) missed one or more laser photobiomodulation sessions. A positive association was found between patients who missed at least two laser photobiomodulation sessions with the development of OM degrees III (p < 0.05).Conclusions: There was moderate adherence of patients with head and neck cancer to the laser photobiomodulation protocol and the development of more severe degrees of OM was related to individuals that didn't attend scheduled sessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL±P) has multifactorial origin with heterogeneous genetic basis associated with various environmental factors. The aim of this study was to review the scientific evidence on the involvement of environmental and genetic factors, especially the GREM1 gene, in the pathogenesis of NSCL±P. For such articles, searches were conducted in the electronic database PubMed using as descriptors: cleft lip with or without cleft palate, environmental factors, genetic factors, polymorphisms, and GREM1. After the critical analysis of the selected articles it was observed that of the environmental factors associated with the risk of clefts, the most studied are smoking, alcohol consumption, maternal supplementation, especially folic acid. As for genetic factors have been identified 19 loci associated with clefts through genome-wide association study and meta-analysis, among them the 15q13, gene GREM1. The knowledge about the etiopathogenesis of clefts has grown intensely in recent years, but the separate analysis of environmental and genetic factors still generates controversy in the literature. Few studies have evaluated the relationship of the GREM1 gene in the etiopathogenesis of NSCL±P. In addition, no studies were found describing the interaction of environmental factors and GREM1 gene polymorphisms in the development of NSCL±P. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate salivary flow changes during the treatment of patients submitted to head and neck radiotherapy (HNR) and/or exclusive chemotherapy. Prospective cross-sectional study with 61 patients divided into 2 groups: GT1 (n = 20)—individuals with malignant neoplasms in any region of the body, except head and neck, submitted to exclusive chemotherapy; GT2 (n = 41)—individuals in HNR associated or not with chemotherapy. Salivary flow examination was performed by an interval of 7 days among them: 3 samples for GT1 (baseline, 7 and 14 days after first infusion) and 5 for GT2 (baseline, 6th, 12th, 18th, and 24th HNR sessions). The GT2 group was subdivided based on the irradiation fields in 3 subgroups: face, neck, and face/neck. There was an increase in the salivary flow of the GT1 group and a negative Δ for the GT2 group, which represented a statistical difference for the salivary flow variations between the treatment groups (P <.001). However, it was not possible to verify differences between the evaluated irradiated fields. HNR was able to reduce salivary flow rate significantly, whereas chemotherapy did not seem to influence salivary production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To assess the frequency of candidiasis in patients with head and neck cancer submitted to radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. This is a cross-sectional study consisting of a nonprobabilistic sample of patients with oral candidiasis diagnosed in a convenience group. Data were collected on people with oral candidiasis, such as sex, age, and type of treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or both), as well as the location and clinical diagnosis of the type of candidiasis. Of the total 36 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 16 presented candidiasis (44.4%). Eleven individuals (68.75%) were of male sex, and 7 (43.75%) were between the fifth and sixth decades of life. The most prevalent type of candidiasis was pseudomembranous (87.5%), and the most affected site was the hard palate (50%). Of the 16 patients with oral candidiasis, 14 (87.5%) underwent radiotherapy associated with chemotherapy, while 2 (12.5%) only underwent radiotherapy. Oral candidiasis is a very common clinical condition in patients with neoplasia submitted to antineoplastic treatments. The presence of the dental surgeon in the multidisciplinary team that follows up oncologic patients is relevant, as it may help in the prevention and treatment of candidiasis and other clinical conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 60-year-old male patient with a history of chronic drinking and smoking was diagnosed as having squamous cell carcinoma on the tongue beyond surgical therapeutic possibility. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy were indicated. After the fifth cycle of chemotherapy concomitant with radiotherapy, the patient reported pain in the oral cavity, which worsened after the use of methotrexate to treat peripheral neuropathy. The condition progressed to extensive oral ulcers requiring the use of a nasogastric tube for feeding. Low-intensity laser (AsGaAl, 680 nm, 2 J/cm2) was applied on the ulcers in a punctual and continuous manner. After 4 sessions, there was a significant improvement of the condition, with catheter removal and the patient being released from the hospital. The laser therapy proved to be effective in the treatment of oral mucositis lesions, reducing the pain and severity of the lesions, being a noninvasive and safe form of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]