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[Display omitted] • Torch ginger (Etlingera elatior) stem is a non wood that contained S/G ratio of 3.0. • Alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) pre-treatment with a l/s of 3 (g/mL) is effective in loosening the fiber and avoiding fiber floating. • The AHP - Peracetic Acid (PAA) on torch ginger stem at 121 °C/0.1 MPa yielded pulp with a 99 % delignification degree within 90 min. • The AHP-PAA method increase the degree of crystallinity and induced recrystallization (L 200) in cellulose by 23% and 17%, respectively. Efficient and eco-friendly isolation of cellulose from non-woody plants is paramount. This study aimed to isolate cellulose from torch ginger stem (Etlingera elatior) (TGS) waste efficiently by alkaline hydrogen peroxide pre-treatment and subsequently by peracetic acid treatment (AHP-PAA) under autoclave conditions (121 °C/0.1 MPa). A complete randomized design with three factors—AHP concentration (0, 16, and 33 % (v/v) H 2 O 2 in 5 % (w/v) NaOH), PAA concentration (PAA to water ratio of 0.36, 1.14, and 4.00 (v/v)), and pre-treatment time (30, 60, and 90 min)—was used to investigate changes in yield and fiber's chemical components. The results showed that TGS is a potential non-wood cellulose source with a high S/G ratio (3.016) and low SiO 2 (4.2 %). Analysis of variance exhibited that the AHP and PAA concentration affected lignin-related parameters, but pre-treatment time influenced only carbohydrate-related parameters. The optimum isolation condition resulted in 47.78 % pulp yield with 64.78 % α-cellulose, 34.06 % hemicellulose, 0.15 % lignin, and 71.8 % crystallinity in 90 min of reaction time. Massive liberation of individual fibers from bundles, single peak on thermal degradation, removal of lignin-related functional groups and some metal oxide also supported the effectiveness of the AHP-PAA method to isolate TGS cellulose through prehydrolysis, chromophore group deactivation, and delignification reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract:

Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCs) was successfully isolated from pepper biowaste using lactic acid hydrolysis and employed as filler in seaweed biocomposite. Optimization of hydrolysis parameters by employing response surface methodology (RSM) generates 75.50 % NCs with 76.68 % crystallinity at 6.31 M lactic acid, 3.02 h and 85.86 °C. The ANOVA analysis indicates hydrolysis efficiency requires precise temperature control and lactic acid concentration to obtain high crystalline cellulose at high production yield. The NCs displayed rod-shaped morphology with 29.65 ± 3 nm diameter and 335.19 ± 10 nm length, with a negative zeta potential and higher thermal stability than the cellulose. NCs addition as filler in seaweed biofilm improved the tensile strength but reduced the elongation at break. The biofilm exhibits excellent properties in reducing water adsorption, solubility, and water permeability by increasing nanocellulose filler.

•Different metal promoters result in different selectivity of the C1(methanol and methane) and C2+(olefin) products on CO2hydrogenation.•Metal promoters modify the hydrogen dissociation potential and surface oxygen vacancy.•Promoter will be able to stabilize the intermediate and to maneuver catalytic reaction pathway into desired products for CO2hydrogenation to longer chain molecules.

Lactic acid recovery and reusability for hydrolysis of cellulose offers an economical method and produces fewer waste streams. Successful lactic acid recovery up to three recycle times efficiently hydrolyzed NCs with rod-shape morphology. However, after four cycles, the nanocrystalline cellulose yield reduced from 72.3 % to 48.2 %, forming large nanocelluloses with high crystalline index. Large-size nanocellulose with high zeta potential and thermal stability were obtained with increasing cycles due to inefficient acid diffusion into the rigid crystalline network compared to amorphous cellulose. This study offers a green pathway for hydrolysis nanocellulose using a less corrosive and low toxicity lactic acid than inorganic acids.

Cellulose nano fibril (CNF) can be selected as an agent of pickering emulsion in biofoam manufacture. This study thoroughly investigates the pickering emulsion method for producing biofoam, the characterization of CNF from pineapple leaves, the production of biofoam with various concentration of CNF and surfactant, and the effect of these parameters on the properties of wet foam and dry foam. CNF was created by mechanical grinding then the stability and morphology were evaluated. The pickering emulsion mechanism in biofoam manufacture was investigated using foamability and foam stability with various CNF and surfactant concentration. As the results, CNF concentrations will create varying zeta potential values. The morphology of CNF shows that it has a structure-like entangled network. The stability test demonstrates that adding CNF improves the stability and foamability of biofoam by the pickering effect. Biofoam without CNF has an unstable structure and is easily collapse when dried in an oven. The concentration of CNF and the amount of surfactant utilized altered the qualities of both wet and dry foam. The lower concentration of CNF and the addition of surfactant could increases foamability, high porosity, water absorption, and biodegradability; as well as low density, contact angle and bending characteristics. In biofoam that consists of 2 % CNF, the stability of wet foam increases as the amount of surfactant added, resulting in a biofoam with low tensile strength.

This study investigated effects of sonication treatment on characteristics and drug release behavior of hydrogels prepared by supramolecular cellulose microfibrils (CMFs) isolated by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation which made carboxylate negative charge available on the CMFs’ surface. The hydrogels were fabricated by inducing ionic interactions between negatively charged CMFs and a positive metal ion (Al 3+ ). The sonication time showed no influence on the carboxylate content of CMFs, but it greatly influenced characteristics and drug release behavior of the hydrogels. These results indicate that the sonication time has an impact on hydrogels’ characteristics and drug release behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]