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Language matters in shaping perceptions and guiding behaviour. The term stakeholderis widely used, yet little attention is paid to the possibility that its use may inadvertently perpetuate colonial narratives and reinforce systemic inequities. In this article, we critically examine the limitations of the stakeholder concept and its ambiguity, normativity, and exclusionary implications. We emphasise the importance of using language that gives a voice to marginalised groups, promotes inclusion and equity, and fosters meaningful and reflexive participation in decision-making processes. In critiquing the use of the term and calling for alternative practices, we aim to contribute to the decolonisation of research norms and the creation of more inclusive and equitable societies. Therefore, rather than advocating a single alternative term, we suggest a focus on the people, places, and species affected by decisions, interventions, projects, and issues.

This study utilised a school-based survey with parent reports across 1,050 Nigerian parents to investigate the socio-demographic variables influencing parental media mediation and examine digital literacy as a mediator of demographic variables and parental mediation. The sample comprised 1,050 parents aged 25-65 who had children aged 13-18 years living with them. The participants were parents of children in the targeted schools in Lagos. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) were applied to analyse the collected data to investigate the relationship among the demographic variables, parents' digital literacy, and parental mediation practices. It was revealed that the socio-demographic variables (the age and gender of parent and child, marital status and educational qualification) directly influenced parental mediation types. The indirect effect of the mediating variable offers further evidence that parents' digital literacy can enhance mediation strategies for parents in Nigerian families.

Global dust storms on Mars are rare1,2but can affect the Martian atmosphere for several months. They can cause changes in atmospheric dynamics and inflation of the atmosphere3, primarily owing to solar heating of the dust3. In turn, changes in atmospheric dynamics can affect the distribution of atmospheric water vapour, with potential implications for the atmospheric photochemistry and climate on Mars4. Recent observations of the water vapour abundance in the Martian atmosphere during dust storm conditions revealed a high-altitude increase in atmospheric water vapour that was more pronounced at high northern latitudes5,6, as well as a decrease in the water column at low latitudes7,8. Here we present concurrent, high-resolution measurements of dust, water and semiheavy water (HDO) at the onset of a global dust storm, obtained by the NOMAD and ACS instruments onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. We report the vertical distribution of the HDO/H2O ratio (D/H) from the planetary boundary layer up to an altitude of 80 kilometres. Our findings suggest that before the onset of the dust storm, HDO abundances were reduced to levels below detectability at altitudes above 40 kilometres. This decrease in HDO coincided with the presence of water-ice clouds. During the storm, an increase in the abundance of H2O and HDO was observed at altitudes between 40 and 80 kilometres. We propose that these increased abundances may be the result of warmer temperatures during the dust storm causing stronger atmospheric circulation and preventing ice cloud formation, which may confine water vapour to lower altitudes through gravitational fall and subsequent sublimation of ice crystals3. The observed changes in H2O and HDO abundance occurred within a few days during the development of the dust storm, suggesting a fast impact of dust storms on the Martian atmosphere.

The detection of methane on Mars has been interpreted as indicating that geochemical or biotic activities could persist on Mars today1. A number of different measurements of methane show evidence of transient, locally elevated methane concentrations and seasonal variations in background methane concentrations2–5. These measurements, however, are difficult to reconcile with our current understanding of the chemistry and physics of the Martian atmosphere6,7, which—given methane’s lifetime of several centuries—predicts an even, well mixed distribution of methane1,6,8. Here we report highly sensitive measurements of the atmosphere of Mars in an attempt to detect methane, using the ACS and NOMAD instruments onboard the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter from April to August 2018. We did not detect any methane over a range of latitudes in both hemispheres, obtaining an upper limit for methane of about 0.05 parts per billion by volume, which is 10 to 100 times lower than previously reported positive detections2,4. We suggest that reconciliation between the present findings and the background methane concentrations found in the Gale crater4would require an unknown process that can rapidly remove or sequester methane from the lower atmosphere before it spreads globally.

Asian education is known for its examination-driven orientation, with the downsides of distorting the processes of learning and teaching, diminishing students’ interest in learning, and failing to nurture twenty-first century competencies among students. As a group of Asian researchers, we have been developing Interest-Driven Creator (IDC) Theory, a design theory based on three anchored concepts, namely interest, creation, and habit. Each of these anchored concepts is represented by a loopcomposed of three components. In the interest loop, the three components are triggering, immersing, and extending. The components of the creation loopare imitating, combining, and staging. The habit loopconsists of cuing environment, routine, and harmony. These three loops are interconnected in various ways, with their characteristics revealed by the design process. We hypothesize that technology-supported learning activities that are designed with reference to IDC Theory will enable students to develop interest in learning, be immersed in the creation process, and, by repeating this process in their daily routines, strengthen habits of creation. Furthermore, students will excel in learning performance, develop twenty-first century competencies, and become lifelong interest-driven creators. To sharpen our understanding and further the development of the theory, we need more discussion and collaborative efforts in the community. Hypotheses arising from this theory can be tested, revised, or refined by setting up and investigating IDC Theory-based experimental sites. By disseminating the framework, foundations, and practices to the various countries and regions of Asia, we hope that it will bring about compelling examples and hence a form of quality education for the twenty-first century, which is an alternative to the examination-driven education system. In this paper, we present an overall introduction to IDC Theory and its history, and discuss some of the steps for advancing it in the future.

Management academics, as the primary researchers of business practices and the educators of future managers, play critical roles shaping corporate behaviour and industry response to global sustainability challenges. However, the competencies required to optimise sustainable management education are often lacking and further research is required. Addressing recognised gaps in the literature, this study measured student perceptions of global sustainability to better inform sustainable management education. 59 in-depth interviews with students from an Australian business and law school identified their sustainability concerns. The perceived importance of such concerns was then quantified via a survey with 383 responses. Factor analysis generated five core sustainability dimensions, comprised of 31 items, which inform a new empirically derived five-pillar model of sustainability. This model includes pillars from traditional three- and four-pillar conceptual models of sustainable development, as well as a new fifth pillar of corporate sustainability. The five pillars in order of perceived importance are social, political, environmental, corporate and economic – importance varied between student types. Aligned with the United Nations 17 Sustainable Development Goals, these five pillars and associated items provide a useful planning tool to assist sustainable management educators in structuring their curricula, as well as businesses considering their sustainable corporate impacts.

Solar occultations performed by the Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery (NOMAD) ultraviolet and visible spectrometer (UVIS) onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) have provided a comprehensive mapping of atmospheric ozone density. The observations here extend over a full Mars year (MY) between April 21, 2018 at the beginning of the TGO science operations during late northern summer on Mars (MY 34, Ls= 163°) and March 9, 2020 (MY 35). UVIS provided transmittance spectra of the Martian atmosphere allowing measurements of the vertical distribution of ozone density using its Hartley absorption band (200–300 nm). The overall comparison to water vapor is found in the companion paper to this work (Patel et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JE006837). Our findings indicate the presence of (a) a high‐altitude peak of ozone between 40 and 60 km in altitude over the north polar latitudes for at least 45% of the Martian year during midnorthern spring, late northern summer‐early southern spring, and late southern summer, and (b) a second, but more prominent, high‐altitude ozone peak in the south polar latitudes, lasting for at least 60% of the year including the southern autumn and winter seasons. When present, both high‐altitude peaks are observed in the sunrise and sunset occultations, suggesting that the layers could persist during the day. Results from the Mars general circulation models predict the general behavior of these peaks of ozone and are used in an attempt to further our understanding of the chemical processes controlling high‐altitude ozone on Mars. The presence of ozone in the Martian atmosphere has been observed since it was first detected by the 1969 and 1971 Mariner flyby missions. Mars is known to have a permanent ozone layer below 30 km. Solar occultations performed by the ultraviolet and visible spectrometer onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter have provided a comprehensive mapping of the vertical distribution of ozone in the atmosphere of Mars for an entire Mars year, describing the seasonal, spatial, and local time distribution of ozone in detail. This analysis indicates the presence of a previously undetected high‐altitude peak of ozone between 40 and 60 km in altitude over the north polar latitudes for approximately half of the Martian year. It also confirms the presence of a second, but more prominent, high‐altitude ozone peak in the south polar latitudes. When they are present, both high‐altitude peaks are observed in the sunrise and sunset occultations, indicating that the layers could persist during the day. We provide the first detection of a high‐altitude peak of ozone between 40 and 60 km in altitude over the north polar latitudes of MarsWe confirm the presence of a previously detected, more prominent high‐altitude ozone peak in the south polar latitudesBoth high‐altitude peaks are observed in the sunrise and sunset occultations, indicating that the layers could persist during the day We provide the first detection of a high‐altitude peak of ozone between 40 and 60 km in altitude over the north polar latitudes of Mars We confirm the presence of a previously detected, more prominent high‐altitude ozone peak in the south polar latitudes Both high‐altitude peaks are observed in the sunrise and sunset occultations, indicating that the layers could persist during the day

This prospective multicenter study was conducted to define more clearly clinical and laboratory criteria that predict a strong probability of occult bacteremia and to evaluate the effect of empiric broad spectrum antimicrobial treatment of these children. Children 3 to 36 months old with fever ≥40°C (104°F) or, ≥39.5°C (103°F) with white blood cells (WBC) ≥15 × 109/liter, and no focus of infection had blood cultures obtained and were randomized to treatment with oral amoxicillin/potassium clavulanate or intramuscular ceftriaxone. Sixty of 519 (11.6) study patients had positive blood cultures: Streptococcus pneumoniae, 51; Haemophilus influenzaeb, 6; Neisseria meningitidis, 2; and Group B Streptococcus, 1. Subgroups of high risk were identified as fever ≥39.5°C and WBC ≥15 × 109/liter, 55 of 331 or 16.6 positive with increasing incidence of positive culture with increasing increments of degrees of leukocytosis to WBC ≥30 × 109/liter where 9 of 21 or 42.9 were positive. Subgroups of significantly lower risk were identified as fever ≥39.5°C and WBC <15 × 109/liter, 5 of 182 or 2.7 positive and those with WBC <10 × 109/liter, 0 of 99 or 0.0 positive. Children with positive cultures who received ceftriaxone were nearly all afebrile after 24 hours whereas a significant number who received amoxicillin/potassium clavulanate remained febrile. In the 459 culture-negative children more amoxicillin/potassium clavulanate-treated children developed diarrhea and had less improvement in clinical scores after 24 hours than ceftriaxone-treated children. Children 3 to 36 months old with fever ≥39.5°C and WBC ≥15 × 109/liter and no focus of infection are at high risk (≥16) for having occult bacteremia. Antimicrobial treatment of febrile children with these high risk criteria appears prudent whereas routine treatment of those with low risk criteria does not. Both treatment regimens evaluated are rational and all patients did well.

The surname of author Cathy Quantin-Nataf was misspelled ‘Quantin-Nata’, authors Ehouarn Millour and Roland Young were missing from the ACS and NOMAD Science Teams list, and minor changes have been made to the author and affiliation lists; see accompanying Amendment. These errors have been corrected online.

The surname of author Cathy Quantin-Nataf was misspelled ‘Quantin-Nata’ , authors Ehouarn Millour and Roland Young were missing from the ACS Science Team list, and minor changes have been made to the author and affiliation lists; see accompanying Amendment. These errors have been corrected online.

The article provides an answer to a question of what to do in order to move up into a more advanced lane during masters swimming.

One in the IDEA Summer 2005 [1] series of e-learning technology interoperability events, the First International CORDRA Workshop brought together a range of communities with an interest in repositories. Because the Content Object Repository Discovery and Registration/Resolution Architecture (CORDRA) is essentially an agreed, scalable way to join up different repositories, it draws attention to a wide and diverse set of issues that are not necessarily limited to just the initiative itself. The workshop's purpose was to gather these issues and, where possible, address as many as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]