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• Forty-three participants from 22 countries (46 hospitals, 85 intensive care units) responded to the survey. • Eight (17.4%) hospitals had no surveillance system for CLABSI. • Approximately 7.1 % (n = 6) had no CLABSI bundle and twenty intensive care units (23.5%) had no dedicated checklist. • The proportion of using ultrasonography during catheter insertion, transparent semi-permeable dressings, needleless connectors and single-use sterile pre-filled ready to use 0.9% NaCl were significantly higher in higher and middle higher countries. Because central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are a significant complication of central venous access, it is critical to prevent CLABSIs through the use of central line bundles. The purpose of this study was to take a snapshot of central venous access bundles in various countries. The participants in intensive care units (ICUs) completed a questionnaire that included information about the health center, infection control procedures, and central line maintenance. The countries were divided into 2 groups: those with a low or low-middle income and those with an upper-middle or high income. Forty-three participants from 22 countries (46 hospitals, 85 ICUs) responded to the survey. Eight (17.4%) hospitals had no surveillance system for CLABSI. Approximately 7.1 % (n = 6) ICUs had no CLABSI bundle. Twenty ICUs (23.5%) had no dedicated checklist. The percentage of using ultrasonography during catheter insertion, transparent semi-permeable dressings, needleless connectors and single-use sterile pre-filled ready to use 0.9% NaCl were significantly higher in countries with higher and middle-higher income (P <.05). Our study demonstrated that there are significant differences in the central line bundles between low/low-middle income countries and upper-middle/high-income countries. Additional measures should be taken to address inequity in the management of vascular access in resource-limited countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic wounds require a multifactorial approach because several factors are involved in its occurrence. Herein we investigated whether transplantation of hyaluronic acid (HA) in combination with menstrual blood derived stem cells (MenSCs) could promote healing in diabetic rats. Thirty days after induction of diabetes, sixty animals were randomly planned into four equal groups: the untreated group, HA group, MenSC group, and HA+MenSC group. Sampling was done for histological, molecular, and tensiometrical assessments. Our results indicated that the wound contraction rate, volumes of new epidermis and dermis, collagen density, as well as tensiometrical parameter were considerably increased in the treatment groups compared to the untreated group and these changes were more obvious in the HA+MenSC ones. In addition, the expression levels of TGF-β and VEGF genes were significantly upregulated in treatment groups in comparison with the untreated group and were greater in the HA+MenSC group. This is while expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β genes were more considerably downregulated in the HA+MenSC group than the other groups. We concluded that the combined use of HA and MenSCs has more effects on diabetic wound healing. [Display omitted] • The HA and MenSCs increase the amount of collagen. • The HA and MenSCs regulate the inflammatory process. • The HA and MenSCs improve the histological characteristics. • The HA and MenSCs upregulated regenerative genes. • The HA and MenSCs increase biomechanical characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]