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This paper aims to optimize the design of individualized classroom teaching for mobile English learning in colleges, and find a scientific and effective English teaching mode and strategy for mobile learning. For this purpose, the application and evolution of mobile learning in English teaching was investigated, and the concept and theoretical bases of mobile learning were introduced in details. Through literature review, questionnaire survey and face-to-face interview, the status of mobile English learning among college students was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively from three dimensions, namely, the mobile device, learning resource and learning attitude. Then, several strategies for individualized teaching reform were presented through status analysis. Finally, the application of individualized mobile English learning was demonstrated through case studies on public platforms like Weibo and WeChat. The research findings shed new light on the individualized English learning among college students and lay a scientific basis for the application of mobile learning in college English education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Early generation stability of a japonica rice variety, 84-15, was retested by using the allelic differences of two qualitative traits, i.e., glume tip color and waxy endosperm. Results showed that both glume tip color and waxy endosperm segregated in progenies of single F1 plants derived from two crosses of 84-15/Zi 18 (purple color) and 84-15/Dahuaxiangnuo (waxy). The results denied the conclusion obtained in previous studies that 84-15 had a characteristic of early generation stability. Moreover, it was found that using the coefficient of variation as an indicator of early generation stability was unreasonable by analyzing plant height as an example. Importance of avoiding systematic error in research works was also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Heterotic group theory (HGT) has played a major role in supporting hybrid maize breeding for about 100 years. The basic content and studies of HGT, and its application in rice and maize were summarized in this paper. Additionally, difficulties and challenges for hybrid rice breeding in China were analyzed, and necessity and urgency in hybrid rice breeding by using HGT were proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Dormancy indices of hulled and dehulled seeds were investigated by using 19 cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines, 9 restorer lines and their 109 F1 hybrids of indica hybrid rice. The seeds of each F1 and the parents were harvested on 35 days after flowering. Combining ability was analyzed in 25 combinations made by 5 CMS lines and 5 restorer lines (North Carolina II mating design). The seed dormancy index of F1 was positively and highly significantly correlated with those of their parents and mid-parent value. Out of the 109 combinations, 82 combinations showed mid-parent heterosis, and 43 heterobeltiosis. Seed dormancy indices of F1s and their parents declined dramatically in dehulled seeds compared with hulled seeds, indicating that the hull played an important role in seed dormancy. However, the trends were similar in hulled seeds and dehulled seeds in terms of relationships between the seed dormancy indicices in F1 and their parents. The influence of hull on seed dormancy mainly depended on F1 genotype, not on the hull from maternal parent. The variances of general combining ability (GCA) in female and male parents occupied 59.2% and 31.1% of total variance, respectively. The variance of specific combining ability (SCA) in combinations occupied 9.7% of total variance, indicating that gene additive effects were principal. Among the 5 CMS lines, II112A had the highest GCA effect for seed dormancy, followed by D62A. Among the 5 restorer lines, IR112 had the highest GCA effect for seed dormancy, followed by 2786. These lines are elite parental materials for breeding F1 hybrid rice with stronger seed dormancy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The seed samples of Yuetai A, a Honglian (HL) type cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line in hybrid rice were investigated to assess the seed purity and to analyze the cause of off-type plants by imitating the biological contaminant to Yuetai A in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province and Lingshui, Hainan Province during 2004–2006. The seed impurity of Yuetai A mainly resulted from the genetic drift of restoring fertility gene (Rf) after biological contamination but not from its sterility unstability. All of the ten maintainer lines, five restorer lines and three thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines used in the study could pollinate Yuetai A and Yuetai B to produce F1 plants, directly or indirectly resulting in Rf-gene drifting into Yuetai A and generating ‘iso-cytoplasm restoring-generations’. Furthermore, high outcrossing rate and similar heading date of Yuetai A with many varieties used in rice production might easily result in the biological contamination. After removing all plants with Rf-gene mixed in Yuetai A and preventing Rf-gene drifting into Yuetai A, the seed purity of Yuetai A and Yuetai B had been raised to 100%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article discusses the history of Guizhou Province in China, its prospects for the future and difficulties facing its development in the 21st century. Guizhou is at the southwest part, which before liberation, was part of the semi-feudal China. Nationalities residing in the province include the Han, Miao and Buyi with a population of over 32 million in 2005. Development problems in Guizhou include restrained productivity due to limited resources, weakness of rural economy and ecological imbalance.