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During the use of compressed CO 2 storage in saline aquifers, complex geochemical reactions may occur, affecting the petrophysical properties of the reservoir rocks and leading to CO 2 depletion. In this paper, the geochemical reaction mechanism of CCES-SA was studied numerically with the Yingcheng Group in the southeast uplift area of the Songliao Basin as the study area. The hydrogeological parameters of the target study area were used as the initial parameters for the numerical simulation study, and the CO 2 -brine-rock geochemical reaction simulation was carried out using the reaction transport model to study the effects of the 20-year geochemical reaction on the physical properties of reservoir rocks and CO 2 consumption through numerical simulation. The following results were obtained by analyzing the numerical simulation results. The long-term geochemical reactions dissolved chlorite and feldspar minerals, etc., and also precipitated carbonates and clay minerals, etc., which were consistent with the actual results. Besides, the dissolution and precipitation of the above minerals did not affect the porosity and permeability of underground aquifers and did not have adverse consequences for extraction. At the end of 20 years of inter-seasonal energy storage, the percentages of CO 2 captured in gas, aqueous phase and minerals were 27%, 65% and 8%, respectively. During storage, it was recommended to inject CO 2 appropriately during closure to maintain gas phase CO 2 content and pressure. During the production process, the acidified formation fluid came into contact with the inner pipe, increased the risk of wellbore corrosion. When selected materials for wellbore materials, it was recommended to choose corrosion-resistant pipes. What was studied in this paper could provide a theoretical reference for underground energy storage projects involving fluid-rock interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The boom of renewable energy has been overshadowed by two problems: the intermittency and volatility of such energy. Largescale complementary energy storage has been required to solve these problems. This paper proposes a compressed CO 2 energy storage system in aquifer (CCES-A), aiming to storage energy efficiently at a low cost. Firstly, the feasibility of compressing CO 2 in the aquifer had been proved through numerical simulation, and the CO 2 compression in the aquifer had been emulated by a wellbore-reservoir coupling model. The operation of the CCES-A had been divided into the establishment stage of the initial airbag, and the cyclic stage of energy storage and release. The proposed wellbore-reservoir coupling model had been applied to analyze the wellhead pressure, energy flow and energy recovery rate of weekly, monthly, and seasonal cycles, as well as the energy recovery efficiency at different injection temperatures. The simulation results showed that under the three cycles, the wellhead pressure increased with the number of cycles. The energy flow and energy recovery efficiency decreased with the growing the number of cycles. The energy recovery became more efficient with the rise of the injection temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fournier's gangrene is a urological emergency associated with high mortality and morbidity. Severe gangrene resulting in pelvic bone and lower limb involvement are extremely rare. We report a rare case of Fournier's gangrene that is complicated by necrotising fasciitis of the lower limb and osteomyelitis of the pelvic bone, in a patient with previous prostatic adenocarcinoma. The patient was promptly resuscitated, started on broad spectrum antibiotics and then underwent an emergent surgical debridement, followed by multiple relook debridement and definitive reconstruction. Throughout the patient's hospitalisation, he was managed in a multidisciplinary team involving surgeons from different specialities, physicians and allied health staff. Extension of Fournier's gangrene into distant structures is rare but serious complications. To date, there is only one other case reported in literature. The relationship between prior prostatic malignancy and Fournier's gangrene can be explored in subsequent studies. We present a rare case of Fournier's gangrene with pelvic and distal limb involvement. We highlight the possible yet devastating complications of this disease and discuss treatment options available for the holistic management of patients with Fournier's gangrene. • A 66-year-old male with previous high grade mucinous-type adenocarcinoma with signet cells of the prostatic urothelium that was previously treated with radiation therapy, presented with extensive perineal gangrene and painful swelling of the right lower limb for 2 weeks duration. • Intraoperative findings revealed extensive fournier's gangrene, pelvic bone osteomyelitis and pus tracking along the iliotibial tract into the lateral aspect of the right calf. Cultures results were polymicrobial and fungal. • The patient underwent multiple perineal and right lower limb debridements, and was treated with antibiotics and antifungals. Definitive reconstructions of the perineal, sacral and right lower limb wounds were eventually performed. • To our knowledge, this is the second case of Fournier's gangrene with extension into the lower limb. • The contribution of a previous prostatic malignancy to the development of Fournier's gangrene could be explored in subsequent studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]