1. Sex‐specific Patterns in Dementia Incidence among older Asian and Pacific Islander Adults.
- Author
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Lo, Joan C, Chandra, Malini, Lee, David R, Lee, Catherine, and Gilsanz, Paola
- Abstract
Background: Dementia risk is lower for US Asian adults in aggregate compared to non‐Hispanic White (NHW) adults. However, examining Asian adults in aggregate masks subgroup heterogeneity as previously reported, including higher risk and slightly higher risk among 6210 Filipino and 4478 Japanese adults, respectively, and non‐significantly lower risk among 197 South Asian adults compared to 8384 Chinese adults (Mayeda, et al. PMID 28406845). We build on this prior work by examining sex‐specific dementia incidence in an expanded contemporary cohort of US Asian/Pacific Islander (PI) and NHW adults in the same integrated healthcare delivery system. Methods: Among 479,250 NHW adults and 34,222 Chinese, 34,637 Filipino, 9,355 Japanese, 6,246 South Asian, 3,913 Vietnamese, 2,779 Korean, 2,343 Native Hawaiian/PI (NHPI), and 14,967 other/ethnicity‐unspecified Asian/PI members of a northern California health plan aged ≥65 years in 2010‐2019 (with five years prior membership and without prior dementia), incident dementia up to 2022 was identified by hospital, institutional stay, ambulatory (or virtual care) encounter diagnoses. Race and ethnicity were obtained from self‐reported data sources. Dementia incident rate ratios (IRR) were examined using log‐Poisson regression, adjusting for 5‐year age group and calendar year. Results: Among 479,250 (54.9% female) NHW and 108,462 (54.4% female) Asian/PI adults, mean age at entry was 70.4±7.1 and 69.3±6.1 years and mean follow‐up 7.6±4.0 and 7.4±3.9 years, respectively. Overall, 12.0% of NHW and 8.7% of Asian/PI adults developed incident dementia. Among men, dementia IRRs (reference: NHW) were significantly lower for Asian men in all subgroups but higher for NHPI men (Figure 1). Among women, dementia IRRs were significantly lower for Chinese and Japanese women, but not Filipina, Vietnamese, Korean, South Asian, and NHPI women (Figure 2). NHPI, Filipino and Japanese men and NHPI, Filipina, South Asian, Vietnamese, and Korean women had significantly higher incidence of dementia than Chinese counterparts (Table). Conclusion: This study further characterizes the heterogeneity in dementia diagnosis incidence among Asian/PI subgroups, including sex‐specific differences. Further research is needed to identify environmental, social, clinical, and genetic factors that may explain the observed heterogeneity in dementia risk among Asian/PI ethnicities, which could inform interventions aimed to improve healthy brain aging for everyone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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