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Phasing out coal is essential for climate mitigation but can result in job losses. Although growing literature has reported green job opportunities (e.g., solar technicians) as a potential solution to the displacement of coal sector workers, the extent to which green jobs are easily accessible, regarding co-location and skill requirements, remains unclear. Here, we explore this issue in the context of China’s coal phaseout toward the 2060 carbon neutrality target. Using a coal power plant retirement model of 3,765 coal power units, we find that coal power plant workers must travel long distances (178–242 km) to reach a green job site. When further considering job skill qualifications, in total, fewer than 15% of these workers can easily access green jobs. Postponing the coal phaseout might further exacerbate the job transition challenge. Upstream industries of the renewable energy sector (e.g., electrical machinery), which can be located closer to coal power plants and have better job skill matching, can help alleviate the challenging prospect.

Long-persistent luminescence (LPL) materials have attracted intensive attention due to their fascinating emission after excitation. However, current LPL materials typically depend on external doping to introduce traps or emitting centers, resulting in a complex synthesis and controllability. For the first time, we develop another category of undoped LPL materials based on antimonate CaSb2O6, which exhibits blue LPL for over 8000 s. Both experimental and theoretical evidence indicate that excitons are trapped by intrinsic oxygen vacancies. Then, they are detrapped and recombine through singlet and triplet emission of Sb3+to form LPL. Moreover, CaSb2O6maintains approximately 100% of its initial LPL performance and structural integrity even after being treated under 1000 °C, UV irradiation, and extreme conditions (pH = 1 or 13). This study highlights the significant potential of antimonates as robust and versatile luminescent materials.

In this study, a MoO3@TiO2composite core–shell material was developed to remove Rhodamine B (RhB) dye through synergistic adsorption and photocatalytic degradation. n–n heterostructures were formed by coupling n-type semiconductors to enhance the efficiency of photocarrier separation and photocatalytic performance. MoO3, which possesses strong adsorption capacity, was primarily used as a dye adsorbent. Additionally, the formation of an n–n heterojunction with TiO2enabled MoO3to expand the photocorresponding range of TiO2, leading to the generation of superoxide (O2•) and hydroxyl (•OH) free radicals for dye degradation. The experimental results demonstrate that the MoO3@TiO2core–shell composite exhibits excellent performance for RhB dye removal, with adsorption and degradation rates reaching 35.7 and 70.3%, respectively, even at low catalyst concentrations. This approach offers new insights into the development of MoO3core–shell photocatalysts.

As a continuation of our research on the pesticide development of Polygonum orientaleL., the chemical constituents of the seeds of P. orientalewere systematically investigated. Eleven natural compounds (PO-1to PO-11) were isolated from the EtOAc extract of P. orientale. Notably, compound PO-9and its dimeric compound PO-10were first isolated from P. orientaleand possessed excellent acaricidal activity against Tetranychus cinnabarinus. With PO-9and PO-10as the lead compounds, two series of cinnamate derivatives were further synthesized, and their acaricidal, insecticidal, and fungicidal activities were evaluated systematically. The insecticidal activity results showed that dimeric derivative NKY-70displayed the highest acaricidal activity against T. cinnabarinusand insecticidal activities against Brevicoryne brassicaeand Myzus persicae. Furthermore, most of these compounds showed excellent in vitroantifungal activity against plant fungi. Compound NKY-66displayed the highest and broad spectrum of antifungal activity against 23 fungi, and the respective EC50values were 0.09, 0.08, 0.12, 0.18, 0.12, and 0.09 mg/mL against Valsa mali, Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. cucumerinum, Fusarium graminearum, Magnaporthe oryzae, Colletotrichum capsici, and Phytophthora infestans, which were more potent than those of chlorothalonil and procymidone. Moreover, the in vivofungicidal evaluation also demonstrated that compound NKY-66could effectively control plant fungal diseases in the greenhouse and in the field, such as damping off, powdery mildew, and cucumber downy mildew. Therefore, these findings implied that the cinnamate derivative NKY-66displayed superior in vitroand in vivofungicidal activities and could be a potential candidate against plant fungal diseases.

Infertility is an important issue for human reproductive health, with over half of all cases of infertility associated with female factors. Dysfunction of the complex female reproductive system may cause infertility. In clinical practice, female infertility is often treated with oral medications and/or surgical procedures, and ultimately with assisted reproductive technologies. Owing to their excellent biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and adjustable mechanical properties, hydrogels are emerging as valuable tools in the reconstruction of organ function, supplemented by tissue engineering techniques to increase their structure and functionality. Hydrogel-based female reproductive reconstruction strategies targeting the pathological mechanisms of female infertility may provide alternatives for the treatment of ovarian, endometrium/uterine, and fallopian tube dysfunction. In this review, we provide a general introduction to the basic physiology and pathology of the female reproductive system, the limitations of current infertility treatments, and the lack of translation from animal models to human reproductive physiology. We further provide an overview of the current and future potential applications of hydrogels in the treatment of female reproductive system dysfunction, highlighting the great prospects of hydrogel-based strategies in the field of translational medicine, along with the significant challenges to be overcome.

The rapid and accurate identification of the initial stage of surface oil spills is crucial for reducing economic losses and environmental pollution. However, because the initial stage of a surface oil spill covers a small area and often integrates with soil and lakes, achieving rapid and accurate identification using common methods, such as satellite remote sensing, is challenging. To address this issue, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based surface oil spill rapid identification technology is used. This article proposes a Res-SUnet network model based on small samples from UAV multispectral images, utilizing the reflectance spectral feature information of oil under sunlight for fast and accurate identification and segmentation of small surface oil spill targets. By preprocessing 54 sets of multispectral images ( $54\times 6$ spectral channel images) collected from the surface oil spill area of the Daqing oilfield and dividing them into training, test, and validation sets in a ratio of 3:2:2, the results show an improvement of 1.17% and 1.39% over traditional U-net and improved S-UNet models, respectively. This method is characterized by its lightweight, rapid, and accurate identification, making it especially suitable for the rapid and precise identification of UAV surface oil spills at the initial stage, providing a valuable tool for enterprises to reduce economic losses and environmental pollution.

DNS root servers are the starting point of most DNS queries. To ensure their security and stability, multiple anycast instances are operated worldwide, and new root instances have been rapidly deployed in recent years. Apart from authorized instances managed by Root Server System, some networks equip unauthorized instances to hijack queries from clients. Despite various root instances handling queries within their residing networks, few studies have focused on the deployment issues of these instances. In this article, we provide the first study to reveal the deployment issues of root instances from a nationwide view. With the support of 7,860 vantage points, we utilized a suite of methodologies to identify the deployment of unauthorized instances. 54 vantage points witnessed the evidence of unauthorized instances, and 70.4% of them further observed security issues of unauthorized instances, including DoS, unavailability of DNSSEC validation, and vulnerable DNS software. Additionally, we utilized the side-channel information of censorship mechanisms to measure the catchment area of authorized instances. We found that most authorized instances in the Chinese mainland serve with limited catchment areas due to restricted BGP policies. Through discussions with ISPs and network operators, we make recommendations to improve the deployment status of different root instances.

As most outcropping and shallow mineral deposits have been found, new technology is imperative to finding the hidden critical mineral deposits required for the renewable energy transition. One such seismic technique, called ambient noise tomography (ANT), has shown promise in recent years as a low cost and low environmental impact passive method of three-dimensional (3D) imaging of shear-wave velocity structure of the Earth. Over the last twenty years the method has been well-established in academia to image crustal and regional scale geological features but has seldom been used at the mineral exploration deposit-scale. In this paper we show the application of seismic ANT at an IOCG deposit in South Australia under more than 750 m of sedimentary cover. A 100-site survey in a 10 by 10 grid with site spacing of 1 km, using 3-component nodal seismometers with a natural-frequency of 5 Hz, was conducted over a two-week period. Data were inverted to generate a 3D velocity model to a depth of 2 km. When compared to drillholes in the survey area, the tomographic model delineates cover sequence lithologies and the depth of crystalline basement. A velocity anomaly in the basement has characteristics of a potential IOCG deposit and is aligned with a gravity anomaly due to brecciated haematite. The results of the paper indicate that ANT is a useful tool for deep cover mineral exploration that can potentially expedite the discovery of new deposits.

The presence of thick (>100 m) and electrically conductive (< 10 Ω.m) ground cover is a major impediment in mineral exploration of deep resources. Iron-oxide copper gold (IOCG) systems in Australia are often associated with a pronounced potential field anomaly, depending on the oxidation state of iron, but the gravity and magnetic field signatures have little vertical resolution unless constrained by drill hole petrophysics. Additionally, IOCG systems have deep magmatic sources, with their conductivity anomalies extending at least to the lithospheric mantle. The Vulcan IOCG prospect lies about 30 km northeast of the Olympic Dam IOCG mine and is defined by a significant gravity anomaly associated with brecciated haematite beneath 850 m of sedimentary cover sequences. To image the physical properties and structural geometry of the Vulcan IOCG prospect, a 100-site broadband MT and passive seismic array was deployed in a 1 km grid over a 9 by 9 km area. Three-dimensional inversion of MT responses resolve structure in three distinct domains. Firstly, broad limestone-quartzite-shale stratigraphy (1–30 Ω.m) in the 850 m cover is delineated in resistivity and corresponds well with changes in shear-wave velocity. Secondly, the region of brecciated haematite below the cover sequences is shown to have lower resistivity (< 60 Ω.m) than surrounding country rock (> 100 Ω.m). Thirdly, a more electrically conductive (< 30 Ω.m) vertical zone that extends > 5 km is imaged a few kilometers to the northeast of the Vulcan haematite breccia, and appears to be linked by a region of low shear-wave velocity in the depth range 1–2 km. Two-dimensional inversion of more regional MT responses along a 200-km line passing through the Vulcan prospect suggest this vertical region of low resistivity links to the lower-crust with anomalous resistivity of < 60 Ω.m in a similar way as imaged beneath the Olympic Dam mine. It is suggested that this conductive region is associated with graphite precipitated from magmatically derived CO2-rich fluids cooling in a reducing environment.

Geophysical methods depend on a range of physical and chemical mechanisms, and each method has different sensitivities and resolution of Earth parameters, and over different scale lengths. Additionally, such geophysical methods will also have their own statistical characteristics. Thus, it is a significant challenge to combine different methods through a single inversion framework. Rather than attempting to find an optimal and single model for different geophysical responses, an alternative approach is to use FCM clustering to identify clusters of parameters from two or more different geophysical data sets or models that have similar statistical properties. In this paper, we apply the FCM approach to integrate data and model sets for an array of 100 broadband magnetotelluric (MT) and 100 passive seismic receivers spaced 1 km apart on a 10 by 10 grid above the Vulcan IOCG prospect in the Olympic Cu–Au Province, southern Australia. The challenge for exploration of the Vulcan prospect is that it lies beneath 750 m of regolith sedimentary cover, no single geophysical method provides a unique characterization of the deposit geometry, and drilling is very expensive. Fuzzy c-mean cluster analyses are undertaken in 2D for gravity data and shear-wave velocity model data for basement depths beneath cover and in 3D for shear-wave velocity and electrical resistivity model data. Fuzzy c-mean clustering is shown to provide a simple and efficient method of integrating different geophysical measurements to produce a geological framework that can be verified with drilling information.

Induced polarisation (IP) is a common geophysical method of exploration for disseminated sulphides. However, in areas with deep (>200 m) and conductive (10 Ωm or less) cover, the technique is less successful as it requires a significant transmitter source and large-offset dipoles. An alternative approach is to use natural-variations in Earth’s external magnetic field as the polarising source of the signal, known as natural-field IP. This paper presents a study of extracting IP information from electrical dipole observations during a broadband magnetotelluric (MT) program with a 9 km by 9 km grid of 100 sites above the Vulcan IOCG deposit beneath 750 m of cover, ∼40 km north of the Olympic Dam IOCG mine in South Australia. Inter-site transfer functions between 95 sites and five reference sites at the southeast and southwest corners of the grid were computed to determine a phase shift between horizontal electric fields in the bandwidth of 1–100 s period. Phase shifts of up to – 5 degrees were centred on a region of brecciated hematite where drill holes intersected pyrite, and an inferred fault-zone from passive seismics that marks the boundary between upper crust that is resistive (>100 Ω.m) with high magnetic susceptibility to the south of the fault, and a region of conductive crust (<10 Ω.m) which is low magnetic susceptibility. Our study suggests that the natural-field IP method can identify regions of polarizable minerals beneath deep cover where artificial power sources cannot be feasibly deployed. Such surveys are cheaper, safer, and easier to deploy as only receivers are required, and 3D coverage can be obtained as the source-field is of much larger dimension than the survey array. In addition, the natural-field IP signals are observed as part of the MT program so that both electrical resistivity and polarisation parameters can be determined.

To realize the wide-angle beam-scanning characteristics of the dual-polarized base station antenna array, antenna elements are required to have a wide-beam property, and element spacing should be small. In this case, the strong mutual coupling between closely adjacent elements becomes the most critical issue. In this study, a combination of the multifunctional decoupling parasitic structure (MDPS) and the crown-type decoupling parasitic structure (CDPS) was introduced to the dual-polarized crossed-dipole antenna array to improve isolation between two adjacent elements. MDPS is critical for miniaturizing of the antenna unit, broadening its beamwidth, and decoupling between adjacent cross-polarized elements. The CDPS decouples adjacent co-polarized elements. The parasitic structure can be directly integrated into the antenna without introducing other structures between antenna units. Crucially, the proposed decoupling method does not degrade the beam-scanning capability of the antenna array. In this study, $1\times 4$ and $6\times 4$ antenna arrays were designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results revealed that the proposed antenna arrays can cover the 3.3–3.6-GHz 5G mobile service frequency band and exhibit an isolation greater than 20 dB between all adjacent units as well as a scanning angle of ±55°.

ABSTRACTHigh myopia (HM) is a significant risk factor for the occurrence and progression of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Identification with POAG in the HM population is an emergent challenge. Patients with HM have a significantly higher probability of complicating POAG than those without HM. When HM is associated with POAG, the changes to the fundus caused by both of them are confused with each other, making the diagnosis of early glaucoma difficult. This article reviews available researches on HM with POAG, summarizing the characteristics of the fundus structure such as epidemiology, intraocular pressure, optic disc, ganglion cell layer, retinal nerve fiber layer, vascular density, and visual field.

“Zebra stripes” denote banded structures characterized by periodic peaks and valleys in the spectrograms of energetic electrons in the Earth’s inner radiation belt and slot region. In contrast to previous investigations primarily grounded in equatorial observations, this study presents two events exhibiting the evolution of electron zebra stripes within the South Atlantic Anomaly, as observed from the Macao Scientific Satellite-1 in low Earth orbit. Our findings affirm that the structural and evolutionary features of zebra stripes in both events accord with the drift echo hypothesis. The start time extrapolated from the electron spectrograms correlates with substorm onsets, consistent with prior conclusions. Notably, the duration of zebra stripe evolution during the event of June 5–6, 2023, reaches an impressive 34.7 h, a markedly longer interval than findings from the Van Allen Probes. This discrepancy suggests that the observed lifetime of electron zebra stripes may not inherently reflect natural limitations but could be constrained by instrumental capabilities. The results implicate that high-energy-resolution detectors have the potential to significantly enhance our capacity to scrutinize the dynamics of the radiation belt.

The Macao Science Satellite-1 is a two-satellite constellation specifically designed to study the geomagnetic field and particle radiation environment in low Earth orbit, particularly in the South Atlantic Anomaly region, with a low inclination orbit. Each of the two MSS-1 satellites carries a medium-energy electron spectrometer (MES). The MES sensor heads are based on pinhole imaging technology, which can simultaneously measure 50–600 keV electrons incident from nine directions with a field of view (FOV) of 180° × 30°. The two MESs can realize the pitch angle coverage of medium energy electrons at most positions in the orbit. The MSS-1 A/B MESs can realize direct observation of precipitating electrons and electrons near their loss cones. It can help to study the electron generation mechanism in the inner radiation belt and quantify the precipitation of magnetospheric energetic electrons. Combined with the geomagnetic index, solar wind parameters, interplanetary magnetic field conditions, etc., it can also help to build a dynamic evolution model of energetic electrons in the near-Earth space, to realize the early warning and prediction of space weather based on the observation data, which can provide safety for spacecraft and astronauts in the near-Earth space.

Pulsating turbocharging system with a dual-entry turbine is always applied for the utilization of pulsating energy and improvement of low-speed torque for the internal combustion engine. With the enhancement of pulsating energy via the pulsating turbocharging system and dual-entry turbine, the interaction between exhaust manifolds and dual-entry turbine cannot be disregarded by either side when confronted by pulsating inflows. This paper proposes a gasdynamic model of double-entry turbine coupling with exhaust manifolds to examine the interaction effect between turbine and exhaust manifolds. This gasdynamic model can predict the propagation of pressure and mass flow rate from exhaust manifolds to the double-entry turbine as well as transient turbine performance. Predictions of this gasdynamic model are validated against detailed 3-D simulation and show good consistency with 3-D results. The performance and energy distribution of the double-entry turbine coupled to exhaust manifolds under various pulsating conditions are thoroughly discussed via this reduced-order model. Results show that with increasing frequency or amplitude of pulsating inflows imposed on inlets of the exhaust manifolds, the performance of the entire system deviates from the quasi-steady hypothesis, particularly the swallowing capacity. This phenomenon indicates that the matched operating point between the turbine and engine deviates from the quasi-steady conditions. In addition, exhaust manifolds geometries have a notable impact on turbine performance and energy distributions in exhaust systems. It is found that with an increase in the volume or length of the exhaust manifolds, the pulse at the turbine inlet is amplified, and available energy at the turbine inlet is increased, even though the inlet conditions of exhaust manifolds remain unchanged. This study may provide a guiding effect for the optimization of the turbo-engine matching process and the development of high-performance turbocharged engines.

Accurate identification and quantification of nitro-containing species are of great significance to understanding their chemical behaviors in the atmosphere. By optimizing the operational conditions of the H3O+and NO+ionization modes in a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) and evaluating the performance of an iodide chemical ionization mass spectrometer (I–CIMS), this study leveraged the individual advantages of each ionization mode to effectively detect a diverse array of nitroaromatics and organonitrates (ONs). The H3O+ionization mode largely fulfilled the criteria for real-time monitoring of gas-phase alkyl-, aryl-, and hydroxy-nitrates, and nitrophenols, albeit its reduced sensitivity toward ONs due to extensive fragmentation. In contrast, the NO+mode demonstrated enhanced sensitivity for ONs with less fragmentation than the H3O+mode. The I–CIMS featured distinguished sensitivity toward oxidized compounds containing polar functional groups, particularly increasing with the incorporation of hydroxyl, carboxyl, or nitrate groups. Further, we developed a calibration-based semiquantitative framework to enhance the accuracy of sensitivity estimation, constrained by ion–molecule reaction, transmission efficiency, along with possible decomposition of ion-clusters, with uncertainties ranging from 21% to 41% for H3O+and 21–43% for NO+. Given considerable discrepancies (up to 1 order of magnitude) between measured and predicted sensitivity in I–CIMS using previously reported log–linear fitting, a declustering voltage (dV50)-based categorization approach was introduced, leading to a 5-fold improvement in measurement accuracy and an overall uncertainty of I–CIMS in quantifying nitro-containing species varying from 27% to 60%.

Epidemiological evidence links exposure to 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) with lipid metabolic disruption, typically attributed to nuclear receptors, while the role of membrane receptors remains underexplored. This study explored the role of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) in EHDPP-induced lipid metabolic disturbances. We examined EHDPP’s binding affinity and transcriptional impact on AdipoR1. AdipoR1 knockdown (AdipoR1kd) human liver cells and coculture experiments with AdipoR1 activator (AdipoRon) were used to investigate the effect and the mechanism. EHDPP disrupted triglyceride and phospholipid synthesis and altered corresponding gene expression, mirroring effects in AdipoR1kdcells but diminishing in EHDPP-treated AdipoR1kdcells. RNA sequencing revealed that EHDPP primarily disrupted oxidative phosphorylation and insulin signaling dependent on AdipoR1. Mechanistically, EHDPP interacted with AdipoR1 and reduced AdipoR1 protein levels at 10–7mol/L or higher, weakening the activation of the calmodulin dependent protein kinase β (CaMKKβ)/AMPK/acetyl CoA carboxylase pathway. Furthermore, EHDPP pretreatment blocked the increase in Ca2+flux and the corresponding kinase CaMKKβ, as well as liver kinase B1 (LKB1) activation induced by AdipoRon, which is necessary for AMPK activation. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that EHDPP-induced lipid imbalance is partially dependent on AdipoR1, expanding the understanding of environmental metabolic disruptors beyond nuclear receptors.

A quadruple-band shared aperture (QBSA) antenna array is proposed in this article to meet the demands of high-integration multiband base station systems. The QBSA array consists of a low-band (LB) antenna (0.78–1.08 GHz), two groups of middle-band (MB) antennas (1.7–2.1 GHz), and a dual-band high-band (HB) array. This HB array includes dual-band antennas (HB1: 3.4–3.6 GHz and HB2: 4.7–4.9 GHz) along with HB2 antennas, all arranged in an interleaved configuration with each other. The blockage effect caused by the LB antenna results in significant distortion in the radiation patterns of the MB and HB antennas, presenting an unavoidable challenge within the shared-aperture array. To maintain normal radiation patterns, the radiating patches of the LB antenna are converted into electromagnetically transparent structures. This is accomplished by incorporating corresponding multi-FSS structures designed to operate within the frequency bands of the MB and HB antennas. Therefore, the radiated waves from MB and HB antennas can propagate with reduced blockage effect. The MB antenna incorporates dual-band Jerusalem slots within its radiating patches to ameliorate the blockage effect. The assembled QBSA array is measured to validate the simulated results.

A new hybrid method CBFM/AIM-EDM is introduced to analyze the bistatic radar cross section (BCS) of perfect electrical conductor (PEC) scatterers. This method efficiently treats electromagnetic scattering problems from discrete objects using the electric field integral equation (EFIE). Initially, CBFM divides the target into multiple subdomains, with each subdomain is enclosed with its respective local Cartesian grid. Then, the macro basis functions within each subdomain are transformed into the local Cartesian grid. The AIM is utilized to accelerate the construction of CBFs, and the matrix vector multiplication process in the reduced matrix is carried out by the fast Fourier transform (FFT). In addition, the equivalent dipole moment (EDM) is introduced to speed up the calculation of the interaction between subdomains. Numerical results show that the proposed method successfully addresses the problem that conventional AIM is only suitable for computing targets with dense distributions of unknowns. This approach not only avoids the waste of numerous auxiliary grid points and lowers memory demands but also enhances computational efficiency and the convergence rate of the iterative process.

A high-gain filtering quasi-Yagi antenna based on compressed third-order mode dipole is presented in this paper. The meander line structure is employed on the dipole to realize the compressed dipole. The current distributions on the meander structure are equal amplitude and out-of-phase to cancel the far-field radiation to realize sidelobes suppression. An in-parallel grounded branch consisting of a bandstop filter and a grounded resistor is used to achieve filtering characteristics with four radiation nulls. The reflection coefficients of the bandstop filter are nearly complementary to that of the antenna to generate the radiation nulls. Moreover, directors are set in front of the dipole symmetrically to achieve a stable gain of the passband. To validate the feasibility of proposed antenna, a prototype is fabricated and measured. Good endfire characteristics are obtained with a bandwidth of 2.58 GHz to 2.82 GHz (8.8%), a peak gain of 9 dBi, sidelobe level (SLL) less than −19 dB, and out-of-band suppression larger than 14 dB. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation.

To assess the effects of moxibustion on immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) by tracking T-cell subsets over a 48-week prospective cohort study.

The construction of p–n heterojunctions is expected to be one of the effective means to improve gas sensitivity. In this research, p–n heterojunctions are successfully constructed by metal oxides derived from metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). MOFs-derived bimetallic Co3O4/SnO2microspheres are prepared by precipitation. Gas-sensing performance shows that the Co3O4/SnO2sensor exhibits an extremely high response (Ra/Rg= 641) to 20 ppm of n-butanol at 200 °C, which is 19 times that of pristine SnO2. It can detect n-butanol gas at low concentrations, has good selectivity to alcohol gas, and reduces the interference of benzene gas. The improved gas sensitivity can be attributed to the formation of a stable heterojunction between Co3O4and SnO2, resulting in a greater resistance change of Co3O4/SnO2. Co3O4/SnO2inherits the characteristic of high specific surface area of MOFs, which provides abundant sites for the reaction of the target gas and oxygen molecules. Finally, the gas-sensing mechanism of the Co3O4/SnO2-based sensor is discussed in detail.