Hantson, Philippe, Hubert, Catherine, Dieu, Audrey, Castanares-Zapatero, Diego, Lelotte, Julie, and Laterre, Pierre-François
• With adrenocortical carcinoma, tumoral secretion is present in 25 to 75% of the cases. • In the absence of excessive hormonal production, the diagnosis is often delayed. • Isolated liver metastatic lesion may develop after several years of follow-up. • Resection of a large intrahepatic malignant lesion may be complicated by a secondary capillary leak syndrome. Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare type of malignant adrenal tumor with a possibility of delayed metastases. Diagnosis may be delayed with a non-secreting tumor or metastasis, and even in this case, surgical management may be complicate. A 55-year-old man underwent elective surgery for the resection of a large intra-hepatic mass from an undetermined type according to a recent liver biopsy. He had a previous history of a non-secreting adrenal tumor that was operated ten years before. Pre-operatively, he was poorly symptomatic, with a normal arterial blood pressure. Anesthesia induction was uneventful, but at the time of tumor resection and removal, he developed extreme vasoplegia and shock with anuric renal failure, lactic acidosis, four-limb and abdominal compartment syndrome. The patient died on day 9 from delayed septic complications. According to the pathological findings, the tumor was a non-secreting adrenocortical carcinoma. Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is rare condition with diverse clinical manifestations due to excessive hormonal production when the tumor is secreting and mimicking pheochromocytoma. Our patient underwent the resection a large intrahepatic non-secreting metastasis more than ten years after the initial lesion. Peri-operative and post-operative management was complicated by a refractory shock with the characteristics of a secondary systemic capillary leak syndrome. The role of endothelial lesions may be discussed. Surgery of metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma may be complicated by severe hemodynamic complications, even in the absence of hormonal secretion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]