34 results on '"Lee, Chien-Hsing"'
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2. Taguchi-Based Design of Planar Circular Coils Used in Wireless Charging of Mobile Phones
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Lee, Chien-Hsing, Ho, Shao-Ting, Hsu, Shih-Hsien, and Jiang, Joe-Air
- Abstract
In this study, a Taguchi-based optimization method is proposed to search the coil parameters used for low-power wireless charging that will maximize the transmission efficiency. The coils were then implemented to charge a battery with a nominal voltage of 3.7 V and a rated capacity of 760 mAh, and it was found that the coil transmission efficiency increased by 3.7% compared to adopting the coil parameters obtained by using a genetic algorithm. Moreover, a 5-watt wireless charging system integrated with the Taguchi-based coils was built to charge a battery with a nominal voltage of 3.7 V and a rated capacity of 2200 mAh. The results showed that the coil transmission efficiency was higher than that of a commercial charger, but the dimension of the coil was larger than that of the commercial charger. Nevertheless, the air gap between transmitter and receiver coils was larger than that in the charger, and the charge time required for a 2200 mAh battery to reach a full charge was shorter than that required for the commercial charger. Although outcomes are still far from being satisfactory in the transmission efficiency, the proposed approach can greatly reduce computation cost in designing coils used for wireless charging.
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- 2024
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3. Rhopaloic acid A triggers mitochondria damage-induced apoptosis in oral cancer by JNK/BNIP3/Nix-mediated mitophagy.
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Chen, Wu-Fu, Tsai, Sheng-Chieh, Zhang, Ya-Hui, Chang, Hui-Min, Wu, Wan-Ju, Su, Jui-Hsin, Wu, Bin-Nan, Chen, Chung-Yi, Lin, Mei-Ying, Chen, Hsien-Lin, and Lee, Chien-Hsing
- Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a frequently occurring type of head and neck cancer with a high mortality and morbidity rate. Rhopaloic acid A (RA), a terpenoid derived from sponges, has demonstrated a promising anti-tumor activity, but its effectiveness for treating OSCC remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether RA inhibits the growth of OSCC. Cell viability was evaluated using CCK-8 assays in OSCC cells (Ca9-22, HSC-3 and SAS) and in normal cells (HGF-1) treated with RA. DAPI staining, AO staining, JC-1 staining and immunofluorescence were used to determine apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential and autophagy in RA-treated OSCC cells. Protein expression levels were determined by western blotting. Furthermore, the anti-tumor effect of RA was confirmed in vivo using a zebrafish oral cancer xenotransplantation model. OSCC cells had a significantly reduced viability after RA treatment, but normal cells were not affected. Treatment with RA caused chromatin condensation in OSCC cells, which increased their expression of autophagy- and apoptosis-related proteins. Furthermore, RA caused mitochondrial damage and increased autophagosome formation. Mitophagy was also induced by RA through the JNK/BNIP3/Nix/LC3B pathway. The JNK inhibitor SP600125 prevented both RA-mediated cell death and mitophagy of OSCC cells. A zebrafish xenograft model demonstrated that RA inhibits OSCC growth. In conclusion, RA showed a potent anticancer activity in in vitro and in in vivo oral cancer models by promoting mitochondrial damage-induced apoptosis and mitophagy, which suggests that RA may be useful as a novel and effective treatment for OSCC. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Characterization of the interfacial friction properties in the hot stamping process
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Lee, Chien-Hsing, Hung, Ching-Hua, Cheng, Yao-Wei, ChiuHuang, Cheng-Kai, and Chen, Fuh-Kuo
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ABSTRACTIn this study, an experimental machine for conducting flat strip drawing tests at high temperature was developed to investigate the interfacial tribological properties and evaluate the coefficient of friction in hot stamping. The strength and rigidity required for the testing machine were examined by finite element analysis and confirmed by actual drawing tests. The consistent and reproducible data further validated the reliable performance of the developed friction test machine. The high temperature tribological characteristics at the interface between the sheet specimen and clamping dies were also investigated. The thermal contact condition between the die and the blank was found to be significantly affected by the geometry of the clamping die, and an optimal clamping die design was then proposed accordingly for generating a nearly uniform contact condition in the experiment. With the developed testing machine, high temperature friction tests were conducted on three kinds of boron steel to evaluate the coefficients of friction under various temperatures and contact pressures. The experimental results revealed that the coefficient of friction at elevated temperatures was more sensitive to temperature than to contact pressure. A lower coefficient of friction was also noted for coated boron steel than for the bare equivalent.
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- 2023
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5. Experiment-Based Determination of the Optimized Current Level to Achieve Multiple Constant Current Charging for Lithium-Ion Batteries
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Lee, Chien-Hsing, Wang, Xin-Jie, Lin, Kuei-You, and Jiang, Joe-Air
- Abstract
This study experimentally tested a multistage constant-current (CC) charging method for lithium-ion batteries controlled by the state-of-charge (SoC) discretization. The Taguchi method was used in the experiments to take three different charge performance objectives, including the charge time, charge efficiency, and average cell surface temperature rise into consideration at the same time to determine the most preferable one. Under the triple-objective optimization, with an equal discretized SoC strategy, the three-stage CC (3SCC) protocol was found to yield much shorter charge time than the four- and five-stage CC protocols, while no significant differences were found in the charge efficiency and average cell surface temperature rise when the three CC protocols with different stages were employed. Thus, an additional performance objective, the energy loss, was used in a further investigation on the 3SCC protocol. In this investigation, a quad-objective problem was formed to determine whether the 3SCC protocol with unequally discretized SoC intervals in each stage would produce better outcomes than the protocol with equally discretized SoC intervals or vice versa. The results indicate that the 3SCC with the unequal SoC discretization strategy reduces the energy loss by 1.82%, decreases the charge time by 4.27%, increases the charge efficiency by 0.32%, and lowers the average cell surface temperature rise by 12.5%, compared to the results yielded with the equal SoC discretization in each stage.
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- 2023
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6. Gout as a Risk Factor for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Evidence from Competing Risk Model Analysis
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Huang, Chia-Luen, Wang, Tai-Wen, Chen, Yong-Chen, Hu, Je-Ming, Ku, Po-Ming, Hsieh, Chang-Hsun, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Kuo, Feng-Chih, Lu, Chieh-Hua, Su, Cheng-Chiang, Liu, Jhih-Syuan, Lin, Fu-Huang, Chou, Yu-Ching, and Sun, Chien-An
- Abstract
Chronic inflammation, a hallmark of gout, is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Thus, in theory, gout can be expected to increase the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Yet, results from several epidemiological studies have been inconclusive. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan dated from 2000 to 2013. The study cohort comprised 3581 patients with gout (the gout cohort) and 14,324 patients without gout (the non-gout cohort). The primary outcome was the incidence of AMI. To estimate the effect of gout on the risk of AMI, the Lunn-McNeil competing risk model was fitted to estimate cause-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The cumulative incidence of AMI was significantly higher in the gout cohort than in the non-gout cohort, resulting in an adjusted HR of 1.36 (95% CI 1.04 to 2.76). Further, HRs of gout with incident AMI were higher in patients without hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or hyperlipidemia (ranging from 1.63 to 2.09) than in those with each of these comorbidities (ranging from 0.95 to 1.13). The results of this study suggest that patients with gout have an increased risk of AMI. The AMI risk associated with gout was conditional on patients’ cardiovascular risk profile. Future work is needed to confirm these findings.
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- 2021
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7. Prevalence of diabetic macrovascular complications and related factors from 2005 to 2014 in Taiwan: A nationwide survey.
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Lee, Chien-Hsing, Wu, Yi-Ling, Kuo, Jeng-Fu, Chen, Jung-Fu, Chin, Ming-Chu, and Hung, Yi-Jen
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PERIPHERAL vascular diseases ,HEALTH insurance claims ,NATIONAL health insurance ,DISEASE prevalence ,NOSOLOGY ,ANKLE brachial index ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases - Abstract
Background/purpose: Diabetic macrovascular complications contribute to nonignorable causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). In this study, the trends of risk factors and macrovascular complications were examined in patients with DM in Taiwan.Methods: Health care information and International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnostic codes were retrieved from the Taiwan Bureau of National Health Insurance claims files between 2005 and 2014. Using these data, the number of cases and annual prevalence of diabetic macrovascular complications in individuals with DM were stratified by age and sex.Results: The prevalence of DM with either stroke or cardiovascular disease (CVD) showed a decreasing trend in enrolled patients with DM (p for trend < 0.005), but that of DM with peripheral vascular diseases (PVDs) showed an increasing trend (p for trend < 0.001). Notably, the trend of changes in the prevalence of heart failure (HF) was similar to that of changes in the prevalence of stroke, although the decrease in prevalence was not statistically significant (p for trend = 0.053).Conclusion: From this nationwide study, we observed a decrease in the prevalence of diabetic macrovascular complications, such as stroke, CVD, and HF, but an increase in the prevalence of PVDs in the past decade in Taiwan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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8. Gout as a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction: evidence from competing risk model analysis
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Huang, Chia-Luen, Wang, Tai-Wen, Chen, Yong-Chen, Hu, Je-Ming, Ku, Po-Ming, Hsieh, Chang-Hsun, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Kuo, Feng-Chih, Lu, Chieh-Hua, Su, Cheng-Chiang, Liu, Jhih-Syuan, Lin, Fu-Huang, Chou, Yu-Ching, and Sun, Chien-An
- Abstract
Chronic inflammation, a hallmark of gout, is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Thus, in theory, gout can be expected to increase the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Yet, results from several epidemiological studies have been inconclusive. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan dated from 2000 to 2013. The study cohort comprised 3581 patients with gout (the gout cohort) and 14,324 patients without gout (the non-gout cohort). The primary outcome was the incidence of AMI. To estimate the effect of gout on the risk of AMI, the Lunn-McNeil competing risk model was fitted to estimate cause-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The cumulative incidence of AMI was significantly higher in the gout cohort than in the non-gout cohort, resulting in an adjusted HR of 1.36 (95% CI 1.04 to 2.76). Further, HRs of gout with incident AMI were higher in patients without hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or hyperlipidemia (ranging from 1.63 to 2.09) than in those with each of these comorbidities (ranging from 0.95 to 1.13). The results of this study suggest that patients with gout have an increased risk of AMI. The AMI risk associated with gout was conditional on patients’ cardiovascular risk profile. Future work is needed to confirm these findings.
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- 2021
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9. Residual energy extraction from near end-of-life lithium-ion batteries using a self-adaptive pulse discharge method
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Lee, Chien-Hsing, Jen, Wai-Ting, and Jiang, Joe-Air
- Abstract
A modified self-adaptive pulse discharge (SAPD) method is adopted by this study to examine the feasibility of extracting residual energy from near end-of-life non-reusable lithium-ion batteries before disassembled. The SAPD model is used to determine the optimal frequency and duty cycle in the process of energy recovery, so the highest pulse discharge current can be obtained. A prototype including an improved active cell-balancing circuit, a modified SAPD control circuit, and a supercapacitor module switching circuit is developed to extract a battery bank that consists of at least one and at most 12 cells in parallel to reduce the discharge current as well as prevent damaged circuit components. The results of testing Sanyo UR14500P batteries show that the energy recovered from six to 12 cells ranges from 2630 to 2955 joules, and the corresponding recovery efficiency is from 64.97 to 66.19 %. Besides, with a randomly selected eight-cell pack, the SAPD method yields higher recovery efficiency than the short circuit discharge and pulse discharge methods, and the recovery efficiency increases by 11.74 % and 9.39 %, respectively. Although the results presented are far from being satisfactory from the perspective of efficiency, this study serves as a starting point for reusing and recycling resources.
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- 2023
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10. Taguchi-based PSO for searching an optimal four-stage charge pattern of Li-ion batteries
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Lee, Chien-Hsing, Chang, Ting-Wei, Hsu, Shih-Hsien, and Jiang, Joe-Air
- Abstract
•It enables numerically stable finding the optimal charging current without randomly generated initial charge patterns.•The Taguchi-based crossover operation is added to improve the best local solution searching in the standard PSO.•The proposed charging strategy has shorter charging time than the equivalent constant current constant voltages.
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- 2019
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11. Usefulness of glycated hemoglobin A1c-based adjusted glycemic variables in diabetic patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke.
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Yang, Chih-Jen, Liao, Wen-I, Wang, Jen-Chun, Tsai, Chia-Lin, Lee, Jiunn-Tay, Peng, Giia-Sheun, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Hsu, Chin-Wang, and Tsai, Shih-Hung
- Abstract
Acute hyperglycemia is a common condition among patients with diabetes who are admitted to the emergency department (ED) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Previous findings regarding the association between hyperglycemia at admission and adverse outcomes among patients with diabetes and AIS have been inconsistent. When investigating this association, it is necessary to consider premorbid blood glucose control. The objective of the current study was to assess whether HbA1c-based adjusted glycemic variables were associated with unfavorable outcomes among patients admitted to the hospital for AIS. We retrospectively analyzed data from 309 patients who were hospitalized for AIS at a single medical center in Taiwan between January 1, 2013, and October 31, 2015. We found that 1) HbA1c-based adjusted glycemic variables, including the glycemic gap and stress hyperglycemia ratio, were associated with both AIS severity and neurological status at discharge; additionally, 2) HbA1c-based adjusted glycemic variables showed superior discriminative power compared with acute hyperglycemia regarding the development of severe AIS. We conclude that both the glycemic gap and stress hyperglycemia ratio might be useful in assessing the disease severity and prognosis of patients presenting with AIS. Further prospective long-term follow-up studies should be performed to validate these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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12. Plumbagin induces the apoptosis of drug-resistant oral cancer in vitro and in vivo through ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Lin, Chien-Liang, Yu, Chung-I, Lee, Tzong-Huei, Chuang, Jimmy Ming-Jung, Han, Kuang-Fen, Lin, Chang-Shen, Huang, Wan-Ping, Chen, Jeff Yi-Fu, Chen, Chung-Yi, Lin, Mei-Ying, and Lee, Chien-Hsing
- Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chemotherapy is widely used in the treatment of oral cancer, but its clinical efficacy is limited by drug resistance. Hence, novel compounds capable of overcoming drug-resistance are urgently needed. Plumbagin (PG), a natural compound isolated from Plumbago zeylanica L, has been used to treat various cancers. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects of PG on drug-resistant oral cancer (CR-SAS) cells, as well as the underlying mechanism. MTT assays were used to evaluate the effect of PG on the viability of CR-SAS cells. Apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by the cells were determined using flow cytometry. Protein expression levels were detected by western blotting. The results show that PG reduces the viability and causes the apoptosis of CR-SAS cells. PG is able to induce intracellular and mitochondrial ROS generation that leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was triggered in PG-treated CR-SAS cells. The inhibition of ROS using N-acetylcysteine (NAC) abrogated the PG-induced ER stress and apoptosis, as well as the reduction in cell viability. Meanwhile, similar results were observed both in zebrafish and in murine models of drug-resistant oral cancer. Our results indicate that PG induces the apoptosis of CR-SAS cells via the ROS-mediated ER stress pathway and mitochondrial dysfunction. It will be interesting to develop the natural compound PG for the treatment of drug-resistant oral cancer. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. Implementation of an SOC-based four-stage constant current charger for Li-ion batteries
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Lee, Chien-Hsing, Chen, Ming-Yang, Hsu, Shih-Hsien, and Jiang, Joe-Air
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•A possible use of the state of charge instead of the voltage limit is implemented to control a four-stage constant current charging process.•Optimal charging current pattern is determined using Taguchi method.•Experiments of lithium-ion batteries verify the effectiveness of the SOC-based charging strategy.•The proposed method has shorter charge time than the equivalent CCCV and the Vlimit-based charging methods.
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- 2018
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14. KMUP-1 protects against streptozotocin-induced mesenteric artery dysfunction viaactivation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels
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Lee, Chien-Hsing, Dai, Zen-Kong, Yen, Cheng-Ting, Hsieh, Su-Ling, and Wu, Bin-Nan
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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia accompanied by impaired vascular and endothelial function. Activation of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels can protect endothelial function against hypertension and hyperglycemia. KMUP-1, a xanthine derivative, has been demonstrated to modulate K+-channel activity in smooth muscles. This study investigated protective mechanisms of KMUP-1 in impaired mesenteric artery (MA) reactivity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.
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- 2018
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15. KMUP-1 protects against streptozotocin-induced mesenteric artery dysfunction viaactivation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels
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Lee, Chien-Hsing, Dai, Zen-Kong, Yen, Cheng-Ting, Hsieh, Su-Ling, and Wu, Bin-Nan
- Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia accompanied by impaired vascular and endothelial function. Activation of ATP-sensitive potassium (K
ATP ) channels can protect endothelial function against hypertension and hyperglycemia. KMUP-1, a xanthine derivative, has been demonstrated to modulate K+ -channel activity in smooth muscles. This study investigated protective mechanisms of KMUP-1 in impaired mesenteric artery (MA) reactivity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Rats were divided into three groups: control, STZ (65 mg/kg, ip) and STZ + KMUP-1 (5 or 10 mg/kg/day, ip). MA reactivity was measured by dual wire myograph. MA smooth muscle cells (MASMCs) were enzymatically dissociated and the KATP currents recorded by a whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Results: STZ decreased MA KATP currents in a time-course dependent manner and achieved steady inhibition at day 14. In the MASMCs of STZ-treated rats, KMUP-1 partially recovered the KATP currents, suggesting that vascular KATP channels were activated by KMUP-1. K+ (80 mM KCl)-induced MA contractions in STZ-treated rats were higher than those of control rats. KMUP-1 significantly attenuated STZ-stimulated MA contractions in response to high K+ , suggesting that KMUP-1 may partly restore the vascular reactivity of MAs. In addition, STZ decreased the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and this effect was reversed by KMUP-1, suggesting that KMUP-1 could improve STZ-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. Conclusion: KMUP-1 prevents STZ impairment of MA reactivity, eNOS levels and KATP channels, and accordingly protects against vascular dysfunction in diabetic rats.- Published
- 2018
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16. Cilostazol inhibits uremic toxin–induced vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction: role of Axl signaling
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Lee, Chien-Hsing, Hung, Yi-Jen, Shieh, Yi-Shing, Chien, Chu-Yen, Hsu, Yu-Juei, Lin, Chih-Yuan, Chiang, Chi-Fu, Huang, Chia-Luen, and Hsieh, Chang-Hsun
- Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality, and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction plays a pivotal role in uremic atherosclerosis. Axl signaling is involved in vascular injury and is highly expressed in VSMCs. Recent reports have shown that cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase type 3 inhibitor (PDE3), can regulate various stages of the atherosclerotic process. However, the role of cilostazol in uremic vasculopathy remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the effect of cilostazol in VSMCs in the experimental CKD and to investigate whether the regulatory mechanism occurs through Axl signaling. We investigated the effect of P-cresol and cilostazol on Axl signaling in A7r5 rat VSMCs and the rat and human CKD models. From the in vivo CKD rats and patients, aortic tissue exhibited significantly decreased Axl expression after cilostazol treatment. P-cresol increased Axl, proliferating of cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expressions, decreased caspase-3 expression, and was accompanied by increased cell viability and migration. Cilostazol significantly reversed P-cresol-induced Axl, downstream gene expressions, and cell functions. Along with the increased Axl expression, P-cresol activated PLCγ, Akt, and ERK phosphorylation and cilostazol significantly suppressed the effect of P-cresol. Axl knockdown significantly reversed the expressions of P-cresol-induced Axl-related gene expression and cell functions. Cilostazol with Axl knockdown have additive changes in downstream gene expression and cell functions in P-cresol culture. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental CKD models elucidate a new signal transduction of cilostazol-mediated protection against uremic toxin-related VSMCs dysfunction and highlight the involvement of the Axl signaling and downstream pathways.
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- 2017
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17. The efficacy and safety of combined GLP-1RA and basal insulin therapy among inadequately controlled T2D with premixed insulin therapy
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Liu, Jhih-Syuan, Su, Sheng-Chiang, Kuo, Feng-Chih, Li, Peng-Fei, Huang, Chia-Luen, Ho, Li-Ju, Chen, Kuan-Chan, Liu, Yi-Chen, Lin, Chih-Ping, Cheng, An-Che, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Lin, Fu-Huang, Hung, Yi-Jen, Liu, Hsin-Ya, Lu, Chieh-Hua, and Hsieh, Chang-Hsun
- Abstract
This study investigated the effect of a combination of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) and basal insulin (BI) in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus previously treated with premixed insulin. The possible therapeutic benefit of the subject is mainly hoped to provide a direction for optimizing treatment options to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain. A single-arm, open-label study was conducted. The antidiabetic regimen was switched to GLP-1 RA plus BI to replace previous treatment with premixed insulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects. After 3 months of treatment modification, GLP-1 RA plus BI was compared for superior outcomes by continuous glucose monitoring system. There were 34 subjects at the beginning, 4 withdrew due to gastrointestinal discomfort, and finally 30 subjects completed the trial, of which 43% were male; the average age was 58 ± 9 years old, and the average duration of diabetes was 12 ± 6 years, the baseline glycated hemoglobin level was 8.6 ± 0.9 %. The initial insulin dose of premixed insulin was 61 ± 18 units, and the final insulin dose of GLP-1 RA + BI was 32 ± 12 units (P< .001). Time out of range (from 59%–42%), time-in-range (from 39%–56%) as well as glucose variability index including standard deviation also improved, mean magnitude of glycemic excursions, mean daily difference and continuous population in continuous glucose monitoring system, continuous overall net glycemic action (CONGA). Also noted was a decrease in body weight (from 70.9 kg–68.6 kg) and body mass index (all Pvalues < .05). It provided important information for physicians to decide to modify therapeutic strategy as individualized needs.
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- 2023
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18. DFATs derived from infrapatellar fat pad hold advantage on chondrogenesis and adipogenesis to evade age mediated influence
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Sun, Yuan-Chao, Shen, Pei-Hung, Wang, Chih-Chien, Liu, Hsin-Ya, Lu, Chieh-Hua, Su, Sheng-Chiang, Liu, Jhih-Syuan, Li, Peng-Fei, Huang, Chia-Luen, Ho, Li-Ju, Hung, Yi-Jen, Lee, Chien-Hsing, and Kuo, Feng-Chih
- Abstract
Dedifferentiated fat cells (DFATs) are highly homogeneous and multipotent compared with adipose-derived stromal cells (SCs). Infrapatellar fat pad (IFP)–SCs have advanced chondrogenic potency; however, whether IFP-DFATs could serve as better cell material remains unclear. Here, we aimed to examine the influence of age and body mass index (BMI) on the features of IFPs and IFP-derived cells (IFP–SCs and IFP-DFATs) with exploration of the clinical utilization of IFP-DFATs.
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- 2023
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19. Aberrant overexpression of HOTAIR inhibits abdominal adipogenesis through remodelling of genome-wide DNA methylation and transcription.
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Kuo, Feng-Chih, Huang, Yu-Chun, Yen, Ming-Ren, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Hsu, Kuo-Feng, Yang, Hsiang-Yu, Wu, Li-Wei, Lu, Chieh-Hua, Hsu, Yu-Juei, and Chen, Pao-Yang
- Abstract
Abdominal adiposity is strongly associated with diabetic and cardiovascular comorbidities. The long noncoding RNA HOTAIR (HOX Transcript Antisense Intergenic RNA) is an important epigenetic regulator with fat depot-specific expression. Its functional roles and epigenetic regulation in abdominal adipogenesis remain uncertain. We collected different fat depots from healthy, severely obese, and uraemic subjects to measure fat-depot specific gene expression and quantify regional adiposity via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). HOTAIR was overexpressed to evaluate its functional roles. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS), RNA-sequencing, real-time qPCR and RNA/chromatin immunoprecipitation were performed to analyse HOTAIR -mediated epigenetic regulation. A negative correlation between adipose tissue HOTAIR expression (arm or abdominal subcutaneous fat depots) and regional adiposity under the status of severe obesity or uraemia was observed. HOTAIR overexpression using human immortalized abdominal preadipocytes further revealed its anti-adipogenic effects. Integrative analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation by reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) and gene expression was performed. Overall, the differentially methylated genes were functionally enriched for nervous system development, suggesting that HOTAIR may be epigenetically associated with cell lineage commitment. We specifically found that HOTAIR -mediated genes showed strong changes in both DNA methylation and gene expression during abdominal adipogenesis. We observed that two HOTAIR -repressed genes, SLITRK4 and PITPNC1, present an obesity-driven fat-depot specific expression pattern that is positively correlated with the central body fat distribution. Our study indicated that HOTAIR is a key regulator of abdominal adipogenesis via intricate DNA methylation and is likely to be associated with the transcriptional regulation of genes involved in nervous system development and lipid metabolism, such as SLITRK4 and PITPNC1. • HOTAIR was lowly expressed in abdominal and arm fats compared to the gluteal fat. • Fat-depot-specific HOTAIR expression could be altered in the obese or uraemic status. • HOTAIR overexpression suppressed abdominal adipogenesis and modulated methylome. • HOTAIR -suppressed genes were associated with neural development and lipid metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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20. 6-methoxyflavone suppresses neuroinflammation in lipopolysaccharide- stimulated microglia through the inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/p38 MAPK/NF-κB dependent pathways and the activation of HO-1/NQO-1 signaling.
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Chen, Wu-Fu, Shih, Yao-Hsiang, Liu, Hsuan-Chih, Cheng, Cheng-I, Chang, Chi-I, Chen, Chung-Yi, Lin, In-Pin, Lin, Mei-Ying, and Lee, Chien-Hsing
- Abstract
• The flavonoid 6-methoxyflavone (6-MeOF) prevents cell death and decreases pro-inflammatory mediators in LPS- -stimulated BV2 microglia cells. • 6-MeOF suppresses p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling and the MyD88-dependent TLR pathway. • 6-MeOF activates the HO-1/NQO1 axis. • 6-MeOF inhibits LPS-induced NO generation and microglia activation in vivo. • 6-MeOF has potential anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects against microglia-associated neuroinflammatory disorders. Microglia-related neuroinflammation is associated with a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Flavonoids have demonstrated different pharmacological effects, such as antioxidation, neuroprotection and anti-inflammation However, the effect of flavonoid 6-methoxyflavone (6-MeOF) on microglia-mediated neuroinflammation remain unknown. The current study aim to study the antineuroinflammatory effects of 6-MeOF in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced microglia in vitro and in vivo. Pretreatment of BV2 microglia cells with 6-MeOF for 1 h then stimulated with LPS (100 ng/ml) for 24 h. The expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors, NO and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were performed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Griess assay and flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to assess MAPK, NF-κB signal transducer and antioxidant enzymes-related proteins. Analysis of ROS and microglial morphology was confirmed in the zebrafish and mice brain, respectively. Our results demonstrated that 6-MeOF dose-dependently prevent cell death and decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia cells. Phosphorylated NF-κB/IκB and TLR4/MyD88/p38 MAPK/JNK proteins after exposure to 6-MeOF was suppressed in LPS-activated BV-2 microglial cells. 6-MeOF also presented antioxidant activity by reduction of NO, ROS, iNOS and COX-2 and the induction of the level of HO-1 and NQO1 expressions in LPS-activated BV2 microglial cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that 6-MeOF inhibited LPS-induced NO generation in an experimental zebrafish model and prevent the LPS-induced microgliosis in the prefrontal cortex and substantia nigra of mice. These results explored that 6-MeOF possesses potential as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agents against microglia-associated neuroinflammatory disorders. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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21. 6-methoxyflavone suppresses neuroinflammation in lipopolysaccharide- stimulated microglia through the inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/p38 MAPK/NF-κB dependent pathways and the activation of HO-1/NQO-1 signaling.
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Chen, Wu-Fu, Shih, Yao-Hsiang, Liu, Hsuan-Chih, Cheng, Cheng-I, Chang, Chi-I, Chen, Chung-Yi, Lin, In-Pin, Lin, Mei-Ying, and Lee, Chien-Hsing
- Abstract
Background: Microglia-related neuroinflammation is associated with a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Flavonoids have demonstrated different pharmacological effects, such as antioxidation, neuroprotection and anti-inflammation However, the effect of flavonoid 6-methoxyflavone (6-MeOF) on microglia-mediated neuroinflammation remain unknown.Purpose: The current study aim to study the antineuroinflammatory effects of 6-MeOF in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced microglia in vitro and in vivo.Methods: Pretreatment of BV2 microglia cells with 6-MeOF for 1 h then stimulated with LPS (100 ng/ml) for 24 h. The expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors, NO and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were performed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Griess assay and flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to assess MAPK, NF-κB signal transducer and antioxidant enzymes-related proteins. Analysis of ROS and microglial morphology was confirmed in the zebrafish and mice brain, respectively.Results: Our results demonstrated that 6-MeOF dose-dependently prevent cell death and decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia cells. Phosphorylated NF-κB/IκB and TLR4/MyD88/p38 MAPK/JNK proteins after exposure to 6-MeOF was suppressed in LPS-activated BV-2 microglial cells. 6-MeOF also presented antioxidant activity by reduction of NO, ROS, iNOS and COX-2 and the induction of the level of HO-1 and NQO1 expressions in LPS-activated BV2 microglial cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that 6-MeOF inhibited LPS-induced NO generation in an experimental zebrafish model and prevent the LPS-induced microgliosis in the prefrontal cortex and substantia nigra of mice.Conclusion: These results explored that 6-MeOF possesses potential as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agents against microglia-associated neuroinflammatory disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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22. Cilostazol attenuates the severity of peripheral arterial occlusive disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: the role of plasma soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products
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Liu, Jhih-Syuan, Chuang, Tsung-Ju, Chen, Jui-Hung, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Hsieh, Chang-Hsun, Lin, Tsung-Kun, Hsiao, Fone-Ching, and Hung, Yi-Jen
- Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that the plasma soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) play a major role in developing macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes, including peripheral arterial occlusion disease (PAOD). Cilostazol is an antiplatelet, antithrombotic agent, which has been used for the treatment of PAOD. We hypothesized that cilostazol attenuates the severity of PAOD in patients with type 2 diabetes through the augmentation of plasma sRAGE. Ninety type 2 diabetic patients with PAOD defined as intermittent claudication with ankle-brachial index (ABI) ≦0.9 were recruited for an open-labeled, placebo-controlled study for 52 weeks with oral cilostazol 100 mg twice daily (n= 45) or placebo (n= 45). Fasting plasma sRAGE, endothelial variables of E-selectin, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and inflammatory markers of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined. After completely the 52-week treatment program, the ABI values were elevated in cilostazol group (P< 0.001). The plasma sRAGE was significantly increased (P= 0.007), and hsCRP, sVCAM, and E-selectin concentrations were significantly decreased (P= 0.028, <0.001 and <0.001, respectively) with cilostazol treatment. In a partial correlation analysis with adjustments for sex and age, the net change of sRAGE significantly correlated with the change of ABI in the cilostazol group (P= 0.043). In a stepwise multiple regression model, only the change with regards to sRAGE was significantly associated with the change of ABI (P= 0.046). Our results suggest that cilostazol may effectively attenuate the severity of PAOD in patients with type 2 diabetes. Plasma sRAGE plays a role as an independent predictor for improving the index of PAOD.
- Published
- 2015
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23. Plasma growth arrest-specific protein 6 levels in premenopausal and postmenopausal women: the role of endogenous estrogen
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Hung, Yi-Jen, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Shieh, Yi-Shing, Hsiao, Fone-Ching, Lin, Fu-Huang, and Hsieh, Chang-Hsun
- Abstract
Growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6) is a vitamin K-dependent protein that interacts with receptor tyrosine kinases of the Tyro-3, AXL, Mer (TAM) family. The Gas6/TAM system contributes to the regulation of cell survival and proliferation, cell adhesion and migration, and inflammatory cytokines release. Plasma Gas6 plays an important role in the inflammatory process, and is involved in diverse human diseases. Few studies have investigated gender-specific variations in plasma Gas6 concentration. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine whether plasma Gas6 levels are associated with sex hormones in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. A total of 103 premenopausal and 135 postmenopausal women were recruited. Plasma Gas6 concentration, estradiol (E2), and sex hormone-binding globulin were assayed. The free estrogen index (FEI) was calculated. The results showed significantly lower Gas6 levels in the postmenopausal compared to the premenopausal women (P< 0.005). Plasma Gas6 levels were positively correlated with E2 levels in the pre- and postmenopausal women (r= 0.359, P< 0.001 and r= 0.261, P= 0.002, respectively). Gas6 levels were also correlated with FEI in the pre- and postmenopausal women (r= 0.234, P= 0.017 and r= 0.188, P= 0.029, respectively). After adjusting for confounders, the correlations still remained significant. In multiple stepwise regression analysis, only E2 in premenopausal and both age and E2 in postmenopausal women were independently correlated with the plasma Gas6 levels (all P< 0.001). These results suggest that plasma Gas6 is associated with sex hormones in both pre- and postmenopausal women, indicating a potential role of sex hormones in the Gas6/TAM system.
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- 2014
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24. Loganin prevents CXCL12/CXCR4-regulated neuropathic pain via the NLRP3 inflammasome axis in nerve-injured rats.
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Cheng, Kuang-I, Chen, Sin-Lan, Hsu, Jong-Hau, Cheng, Yu-Chi, Chang, Yu-Chin, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Yeh, Jwu-Lai, Dai, Zen-Kong, and Wu, Bin-Nan
- Abstract
Background: Neuropathic pain has been shown to be modulated by the activation of the chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12)/chemokine CXC receptor 4 (CXCR4) dependent nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Loganin, an iridoid glycoside, was proven to prevent neuropathic pain, but its underlying mechanisms related to NLRP3 activation are still unknown.Purpose: This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of loganin's effect on chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the spinal cord.Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham, CCI, sham + loganin, and CCI + loganin. Loganin (5 mg/kg/day) was administered intraperitoneally starting the day after surgery. Paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and latency (PWL) were assessed before CCI and on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 after CCI. Spinal cords were collected for western blots and immunofluorescence studies.Results: Loganin prevented CCI-attenuated PWT and PWL, suggesting improved mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. The expression of CXCL12, CXCR4, thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1), IL-1β, and IL-18 were enhanced on day 7 after CCI, and all were reduced after loganin treatment. Dual immunofluorescence also showed that increased CXCL12, CXCR4, and NLRP3 were colocalized with NeuN (neuronal marker), GFAP (astrocyte marker), and Iba1 (microglial marker) on day 7 in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn (SDH). These immunoreactivities were attenuated in loganin-treated rats. Moreover, loganin decreased the assembly of NLRP3/ASC inflammasome after CCI in the ipsilateral SDH. Loganin appears to attenuate CCI-induced neuropathic pain by suppressing CXCL12/CXCR4-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that loganin might be a suitable candidate for managing CCI-provoked neuropathic pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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25. Rhopaloic acid A induces apoptosis, autophagy and MAPK activation through ROS-mediated signaling in bladder cancer.
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Hung, Shih-Ya, Chen, Wu-Fu, Lee, Yi-Chen, Su, Jui-Hsin, Juan, Yung-Shun, Lin, In-Pin, Zhang, Ya-Hui, Chang, Ming-Kai, Lin, Mei-Ying, Chen, Chung-Yi, and Lee, Chien-Hsing
- Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is a very common type of malignant cancer in men and new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to reduce mortality. Several studies have demonstrated that Rhopaloic acid A (RA), a compound isolated from marine sponges, fights cancer but its potential anti-tumor effect on BC is still unknown.Purpose: The present study was aimed to explore the potential anti-tumor effects of RA against human BC cells and the underlying molecular mechanism.Methods: Cell cytotoxicity was determined using the MTT and colony formation assays. Cell cycle distribution, apoptosis induction and generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane potential, acridine orange staining and intracellular ROS levels were observed using fluorescence microscopy. Levels of various signaling proteins were assessed using Western blotting. Furthermore, a zebrafish BC xenotransplantation model was used to confirm the anti-tumor effect of RA in vivo.Results: Treatment with RA significantly suppressed the proliferation of BC cells that resulted from G2/M cycle arrest. Additionally, RA induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in BC cells. The death of BC cells induced by RA was rescued by treatment with inhibitors of apoptosis (Z-VAD-FMA) or autophagy (3-MA). RA activated the MAPK pathway and increased the production of cellular and mitochondrial ROS. Treatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine, effectively reversed the induction of apoptosis, autophagy, JNK activation and DNA damage elicited by RA. Finally, RA significantly inhibited tumor growth in a zebrafish BC xenotransplantation model.Conclusion: Taken together, our findings indicate that RA induces apoptosis and autophagy and activates the MAPK pathway through ROS-mediated signaling in human BC cells. This RA-induced pathway offers insights into the molecular mechanism of its antitumor effect and shows that RA is a promising candidate for the treatment of BC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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26. Effects of sodium azide, barium ion, d-amphetamine and procaine on inward rectifying potassium channel 6.2 expressed in Xenopus oocytes.
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Kung, Fan-Lu, Tsai, Jung-Lung, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Lou, Kuo-Long, Tang, Chih-Yung, Liou, Horng-Huei, Lu, Kuan-Ling, Chen, Yi-Hung, Wang, Wun-Jheng, and Tsai, Ming-Cheng
- Subjects
POTASSIUM channels ,AZIDES ,SODIUM azide ,BARIUM ,PROCAINE ,AMPHETAMINES ,OVUM ,XENOPUS - Abstract
Abstract: Background/Purpose: Inward rectifying potassium channel 6.2 (Kir6.2 Δ C26 channel) is closely related to ATP-sensitive potassium channels. Whether sodium azide, barium ion, d-amphetamine or procaine acts directly on the Kir6.2 Δ C26 channel remains unclear. We studied the effects of these compounds on Kir6.2 Δ C26 channel expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Methods: The coding sequence of a truncated form of mouse Kir6.2 (GenBank accession number NP_034732.1), Kir6.2
1-364 (i.e. Kir6.2 Δ C26), was subcloned into the pET20b(+) vector. Plasmid containing the correct T7 promoter-Kir6.21-364 cDNA fragment [Kir6.2/pET20b(+)] was then subject to Not I digestion to generate the templates for in vitro run-off transcriptions. The channel was expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Two-electrode voltage clamping was used to measure the effects of sodium azide, barium ion, d-amphetamine and procaine on Kir6.2 Δ C26 channel current. Results: Sodium azide activated and barium ion and d-amphetamine inhibited the Kir6.2 Δ C26 channel. Procaine did not have any significant effect on the Kir6.2 Δ C26 channel. Conclusion: Kir6.2 Δ C26 channel expressed in Xenopus oocytes can be used as a pharmacological tool for the study of inward rectifying potassium channels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2008
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27. Both slow-release and regular-form metformin improve glycemic control without altering plasma visfatin level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Hsieh, Chang-Hsun, He, Chih-Tseung, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Wu, Ling-Yi, and Hung, Yi-Jen
- Subjects
METABOLISM ,BIOCHEMISTRY ,BIOLOGY ,LIFE sciences - Abstract
Abstract: Both slow-release (SR) and regular-release (RR) metformin were effective in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We compare the efficacy, safety, and effects on serum adipocytokines and inflammatory markers of both regimens in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A prospective, randomized, double-blind study enrolled 55 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which were randomly assigned to receive either metformin SR or RR (at a maximal dosage of 2000 mg/d for 12 weeks). Glycosylated hemoglobin A
1c (HbA1c ), fasting plasma glucose, adipocytokines, C-reactive protein, and insulin resistance and pancreatic beta-cell function were measured before and after treatment. Significant decreases (P < .001) in mean HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose levels were observed in each group. However, the mean changes in HbA1c from baseline to end point in the 2 groups were not significantly different. Changes in metabolic parameters were similar except that a decreased total cholesterol level was observed in the metformin RR group. Neither regimen treatment had any influence on insulin resistance, but metformin RR improved beta-cell function. Neither regimen had an effect on serum adipocytokines or inflammatory markers. Once-daily metformin SR was as safe and effective as metformin RR in type 2 diabetic patients. Neither dosage form affected serum adipocytokines and inflammatory markers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2007
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28. The comparison of second phase insulin secretion in patients treated with repaglinide or gliclazide.
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Yang, Chun-Chun, Lin, Jiunn-Diann, Kuo, Ko-Lin, Wu, Chung-Ze, Li, Jer-Chuan, Hung, Yi-Jen, Wang, Tso-Fu, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Kuo, Shi-Wen, and Pei, Dee
- Subjects
GLICLAZIDE ,INSULIN ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,GLUCOSE - Abstract
Summary: Aims: Sulfonylurea with long half-life such as gliclazide has sustained stimulation on insulin secretion compared to repaglinide which has short half-life for only about 1h. In this hospital cohort, randomized, cross-over study, we used modified low dose graded glucose infusion test (M-LDGGI) to evaluate second phase insulin secretion after 4 months of treatment with either gliclazide or repaglinide. Methods: Sixteen fresh type 2 diabetes with age of 49.5±2.6 years old and BMI of 25.3±0.9kg/m
2 were included. After titration and maintain dose stage, all cases were randomized to the repaglinide or gliclazide treatment for 4 months. At the end of each treatment period, an M-LDGGI was done. Results: The general linear model repeated measurement was used to evaluate the plasma glucose, insulin and insulin/glucose curve during M-LDGGI. Although the plasma insulin and insulin/glucose ratios were higher at 40min and 100–120min, they did not reach statistically significant. The area under curve of the plasma glucose, insulin and insulin/glucose ratio was also used to evaluate the secretory capacity of beta cell. Although the AUC of the ratio of plasma insulin/plasma glucose seems to be more evident than the curves, they are still not significantly different with each other. Conclusions: In conclusion, although non-significant, better second phase insulin secretion could be noted with treatment of repaglinide than gliclazide for 4 months. Further study with longer duration and larger study cohort are needed to solve this interesting and important question. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2007
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29. The influence of chromium chloride–containing milk to glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
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Pei, Dee, Hsieh, Chang-Hsun, Hung, Yi-Jen, Li, Jer-Chuang, Lee, Chien-Hsing, and Kuo, Shi-Wen
- Subjects
DIABETES ,CHROMIUM ,CARBOHYDRATE intolerance ,BLOOD testing - Abstract
Abstract: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect and safety of chromium-containing milk powder in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in Taiwan. A total of 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 30 to 75 years, and on a dose of gliclazide sulfonylurea agent (≤160 mg/d) for at least 3 months were enrolled. Their glycosylated hemoglobin ranged from 7.5% to 12%, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) from 140 to 250 mg/dL, and body mass index from 20 to 35 kg/m
2 . The subjects were divided into 2 groups, one group to receive chromium-containing milk powder (chromium 200 μg/20 g milk powder) and the other to receive placebo twice a day for 16 weeks. Frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed before and after treatment. The chromium group demonstrated a lower FPG and fasting insulin (−38.1 ± 9.2 vs 63 ± 8. 5 mg/dL and −1.7 ± 0.2 vs 1.9 ± 0.3 μU/mL, respectively; P < .05), especially in male patients (−41 ± 9.2 vs 85 ± 11.7 mg/dL and −2.7 ± 0.2 vs 3.1 ± 0.3 μU/mL, respectively; P < .01), at the end of the study. Lower glycosylated hemoglobin was observed in chromium-treated male patients (−1.1 ± 0. 5 vs 0.7 ± 0. 2; P < .05). However, there were no significant changes in other metabolic parameters (lipid profiles including total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), except improvement of insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity index from frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test) observed in male patients (−2.1 ± 1.1 vs −0.41 ± 1.12 and 0.18 ± 0.11 vs −0.15 ± 0. 2, respectively; P < .05). There were no adverse events in both groups, except for mild complaints in the chromium group on constipation (5%) and flatulence (5%). Intake of milk powder containing 400 μg/d of chromium for 16 weeks in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus resulted in lowering of FPG, fasting insulin, and improvement of metabolic control in male patients. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2006
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30. Traditional Chinese medicine attenuates hospitalization and mortality risks in diabetic patients with carcinoma in situin Taiwan
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Tsai, Li-Jen, Chung, Chi-Hsiang, Lin, Chien-Jung, Su, Sheng-Chiang, Kuo, Feng-Chih, Liu, Jhih-Syuan, Chen, Kuan-Chan, Ho, Li-Ju, Kuo, Chih-Chun, Chang, Chun-Yung, Lin, Ming-Hsun, Chu, Nain-Feng, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Hsieh, Chang-Hsun, Hung, Yi-Jen, Hsieh, Po-Shiuan, Lin, Fu-Huang, Lu, Chieh-Hua, and Chien, Wu-Chien
- Abstract
Diabetic patients are at high risk of developing cancer. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become increasingly popular as an adjuvant treatment for patients with chronic diseases, and some studies have identified its beneficial effect in diabetic patients with cancer. The purpoes of this study was to outline the potential of TCM to attenuate hospitalization and mortality rates in diabetic patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS).
- Published
- 2022
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31. Cilostazol effectively attenuates deterioration of albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
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Tang, Wen-Hao, Lin, Fu-Huang, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Kuo, Feng-Chih, Hsieh, Chang-Hsun, Hsiao, Fone-Ching, and Hung, Yi-Jen
- Abstract
Cilostazol is an antiplatelet, antithrombotic agent with anti-inflammatory properties. To date, no clinical study has specifically evaluated the efficacy of cilostazol in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). We hypothesized that cilostazol might delay renal deterioration in DN patients at high risk of progression. Between April 2008 and April 2010, we screened 156 consecutive patients aged 35–80 years who were first diagnosed with type 2 diabetes after the age of 30 years. Of these, 90 patients with DN, as defined by morning spot urine microalbuminuria (MAU) >20 mg/L or an albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) >30 μg/mg on at least two consecutive occasions within the prior 3 months, were enrolled into a 52-week randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of oral cilostazol 100 mg twice daily or placebo (45 subjects in each group). Morning spot urine samples were collected to determine MAU and ACR. Fasting plasma levels of metabolic, endothelial variables, and inflammatory markers were examined. Following 52 weeks of treatment, urinary MAU and ACR were significantly reduced in the cilostazol group compared with the placebo group (P= 0.024 and P= 0.02, respectively). In regression analyses, changes in monocyte chemotactic protein-1, E-selectin, and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) were significantly associated with changes in MAU and ACR. Net changes of E-selectin (P< 0.001) and sVCAM-1 (P< 0.05) were independent predictors of change in MAU and ACR, respectively. Our results suggest that cilostazol may effectively attenuate deterioration of albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. This effect is likely mediated by an improvement of adhesion molecules.
- Published
- 2014
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32. The Fruiting Bodies, Submerged Culture Biomass, and Acidic Polysaccharide Glucuronoxylomannan of Yellow Brain Mushroom Tremella mesentericaModulate the Immunity of Peripheral Blood Leukocytes and Splenocytes in Rats with Impaired Glucose Tolerance
- Author
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Hsu, Tai-Hao, Lee, Chien-Hsing, Lin, Fang-Yi, Wasser, Solomon P., and Lo, Hui-Chen
- Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic disease with hyperglycemia and impaired immune function, is increasing worldwide. Progression from impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to type 2 DM has recently become a target for early intervention. The fruiting bodies (FB) and submerged culture mycelium (CM) of Tremella mesenterica, an edible and medicinal mushroom, have been demonstrated to have antihyperglycemic and immunomodulatory activities in type 1 DM rats. Herein, we investigated the effects of acidic polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan (GX) extracted from CM on the immunocyte responses. Male Wistar rats were injected with streptozotocin (65mg/kg) plus nicotinamide (200mg/kg) for the induction of IGT, and gavaged daily with vehicle, FB, CM, or GX (1g/kg/day). Rats injected with saline and gavaged vehicle were used as controls. Two weeks later, peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and splenocytes were collected. Ingestion of FB, CM, and GX significantly decreased blood glucose levels in the postprandial period and in oral glucose tolerance test, and partially reversed T-splenocytic proliferation in IGT rats. CM significantly decreased T-helper lymphocytes in the PBLs and B-splenocytes. In addition, FB, CM, and GX significantly reversed the IGT-induced decreases in tumor necrosis factor-α production; GX significantly increased interleukin-6 production in T-lymphocytes in the PBLs and splenocytes; and CM and GX significantly reversed IGT-induced decrease in interferon-γ production in T-lymphocytes in the spleen. In conclusion, FB, CM, and acidic polysaccharide GX of T. mesentericamay increase T-cell immunity via the elevation of proinflammatory and T-helper cytokine production in rats with impaired glucose tolerance.
- Published
- 2014
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33. Growth Arrest-Specific 6 Protein in HIV-infected Patients: Determination of Plasma Level and Different Antiretroviral Regimens
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Lin, Te-Yu, Lin, Fu-Huang, Hung, Ching-Ching, Liu, Chang-Lin, Hsiao, Yu-Chun, Lee, Chien-Hsing, and Wang, Ning-Chi
- Abstract
Growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6) protein is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration in response to inflammatory processes. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection induces a chronic inflammatory condition and combination of antiretroviral therapy improves immune function and decreases the inflammatory state. The aim of this study was to assess the implications of Gas6 in chronic inflammation status of HIV-infected patients undergoing different third regimens of antiretroviral therapy. The Gas6 may be a marker of chronic inflammation of HIV-infected patients.
- Published
- 2021
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34. Reactive oxygen species mediate the chemopreventive effects of syringin in breast cancer cells.
- Author
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Lee, Chien-Hsing, Huang, Chiung-Wei, Chang, Po-Chih, Shiau, Jun-Ping, Lin, In-Pin, Lin, Mei-Ying, Lai, Chih-Cheng, and Chen, Chung-Yi
- Abstract
Background: Syringin (Syr), a phenylpropanoid glycoside extracted from Eleutherococcus senticosus, possesses various biological properties, including anticancer activities. However, the cytotoxicity effects of Syr on breast cancer have not yet been elucidated.Purpose: In this study, we evaluated the anticancer potential of Syr on breast carcinoma and the mechanism involved.Study Design/methods: Non-tumorigenic (M10), tumorigenic (MCF7) and metastatic (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cell lines as well as xenograft model were treated with Syr. Proliferation and cell cycle distribution were evaluated using the MTT, the colony formation assay and flow cytometry. The expression levels of cytotoxicity-related proteins were detected by Western blot.Results: Here, we found that colony formation inhibition, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, down-regulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3/9 activation were observed in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with Syr. Moreover, pretreatment with a pan-caspase inhibitor (Z-DEVD-FMK) inhibited Syr-induced apoptosis. In addition, treatment with Syr also increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) reversed the ROS levels and rescued the apoptotic changes. Meanwhile, Syr inhibited the growth of breast cancer xenograft models and dramatically decreased tumor volume without any obvious body weight loss in vivo.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Syr induces oxidative stress to suppress the proliferation of breast cancer and thus might be an effective therapeutic agent to treat breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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