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AbstractParental self-efficacy (PSE) is a central aspect of parenting research. Although parenting continues in older ages, few studies have focused on PSE among older adults. In line with the parenting determinant model, the study examined the associations between psychological distress, social support, loneliness, and PSE in older age.The study used a quantitative cross-sectional survey, including 362 Israeli parents age 65 years and above. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires of psychological distress, social support, loneliness, PSE, and background information.Results revealed that higher PSE was associated with lower psychological distress, higher social support, and a lower sense of loneliness in older adults. The research model explained 36.9 per cent of the variance in PSE among older adults.Mental state and social conditions are important for PSE of older adults; therefore, professionals should ensure the availability of diverse solutions to enable, maintain, and promote well-being through social and familial engagement in this population.

Résumé:L'auto-efficacité parentale est un aspect central de la recherche sur la parentalité. Bien que la parentalité continue de s'exercer jusque tard dans la vie, peu d'études se sont penchées sur le sentiment d'auto-efficacité parentale chez les personnes âgées. En se basant sur le modèle des déterminants de la parentalité, cette étude examine les liens entre la détresse psychologique, le soutien social, la solitude et le sentiment d'auto-efficacité parentale à un âge avancé.L'étude se fonde sur les résultats d'un sondage quantitatif transversal mené auprès de 362 parents israéliens âgés de 65 ans et plus. Les participants ont été invités à fournir des renseignements de base et à remplir des questionnaires mesurant la détresse psychologique, le soutien social, la solitude et l'auto-efficacité parentale.Les résultats du sondage ont révélé qu'un sentiment élevé d'auto-efficacité parentale était associé à un plus faible degré de détresse psychologique, à un soutien social supérieur et à un plus faible sentiment de solitude chez les aînés. Le modèle de la recherche explique 36,9 % de la variance de l'auto-efficacité parentale chez les personnes âgées.L'état mental et les conditions sociales sont des facteurs importants du sentiment d'autoefficacité parentale chez les aînés, par conséquent, les professionnels devraient assurer l'accès à diverses solutions visant à favoriser, entretenir et promouvoir le bien-être par l'engagement social et familial au sein de cette population.Abstract:Parental self-efficacy (PSE) is a central aspect of parenting research. Although parenting continues in older ages, few studies have focused on PSE among older adults. In line with the parenting determinant model, the study examined the associations between psychological distress, social support, loneliness, and PSE in older age.The study used a quantitative cross-sectional survey, including 362 Israeli parents age 65 years and above. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires of psychological distress, social support, loneliness, PSE, and background information.Results revealed that higher PSE was associated with lower psychological distress, higher social support, and a lower sense of loneliness in older adults. The research model explained 36.9 per cent of the variance in PSE among older adults.Mental state and social conditions are important for PSE of older adults; therefore, professionals should ensure the availability of diverse solutions to enable, maintain, and promote well-being through social and familial engagement in this population.

In line with the new conceptualization of adjustment disorder (AjD) in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases(ICD‐11), a new 20‐item self‐report questionnaire was developed and validated – the Adjustment Disorder–New Module (ADNM). However, such a long research tool has the potential to become problematic for use in epidemiological and clinical settings. Therefore, an ultra‐brief measure for AjD (ADNM‐4) was established and validated in a recent study conducted with a representative national sample. The aim of the present study was to revalidate the ultra‐brief ADNM‐4 Scale, as well as to reestablish cutoff scores for clinical use. An online survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 484 Israelis aged 18–65 years, who were recruited via social media. Participants filled out self‐report questionnaires dealing with diagnostic criteria of stress‐related disorders, that is, AjD (the original and ultra‐brief modules), prolonged grief disorder, depression, anxiety, and hypochondriasis. Construct, discriminant, and convergent validity were assessed via confirmatory factor analysis and correlation coefficients, while cutoff scores were established through receiver–operating characteristic analysis. The findings confirmed the ultra‐brief module's validity. The high fit indices indicated construct validity, and the correlations with the various stress‐related disorders indicated good convergent and discriminant validity. Cutoff scores resembled earlier cutoff scores calculated with a representative national sample, indicating a consistent and accurate diagnostic ability. These findings provide additional evidence for the psychometric characteristics of the ADNM‐4, which seems to be a suitable brief screening tool for assessing AjD symptoms according to the ICD‐11definition. Therefore, the ADNM‐4 is recommended in cases where prompt screening is required, as well as for research purposes.

Despite growing recognition of the importance of communities to children’s safety, efforts to translate this research into child maltreatment prevention initiatives has been lacking. In this article, we argue that one of the challenges to developing and evaluating community-based child maltreatment prevention efforts is identifying effective instruments for measuring community-level change. In particular, this article addresses the role of collective efficacy in promoting children’s safety, challenges with utilizing the existing measure of collective efficacy in the context of child protection, and the development of a new measure. After articulating a theoretical framework regarding the role of collective efficacy in child protection, existing strategies for measuring collective efficacy are reviewed and the strategy employed to devise a new measure is articulated. Ultimately, the new measure consisted of 15 items, and the scale had relatively high reliability (α = .848). Further, the scale fulfilled the criteria for construct and convergent validity. Because implementation science in the context of community-based child maltreatment prevention is relatively young, there is a need to better understand the mechanisms by which children’s safety is ensured. This study contributes to the literature on the relationship between collective efficacy and children’s safety.

ICD-11has provided a revised definition for adjustment disorder (AjD). The current study examined whether mortality salience effect, a possible consequence of a terror attack, may serve as a significant predictor associated with each of the AjD subscales. Using an online survey, 379 adult participants were recruited and filled out self-reported questionnaires dealing with adjustment disorder symptoms as well as mortality salience effect. Findings revealed that mortality salience effect was a significant predictor of all AjD subscales. The importance of mortality salience effect for AjD is discussed in light of terror management theory.

Abstract: Administrative data are data regularly collected by organizations for monitoring and documentation purposes. They usually represent entire populations; they are timely; and have direct influence on their sources which are mostly governmental agencies. We argue in this paper that administrative data can and should be used as indicators of children’s well-being as they constitute an existing body of knowledge that has the potential to form and influence policy. Such use of administrative data as of child well-being indicators is demonstrated by the South Carolina Data Bridge Project, initiated with a child care research capacity grant awarded in 2007 by the Office of Planning, Research and Families (OPRE) to study the impact of Child Care and Development Fund on the quality of care available to and utilized by low-income working parents and at-risk families. The project’s goal was achieved by linking different sources of child care administrative data to create analytic data cubes that allow the examination of quality of care provided to children and factors contributing to it. This project indicates the importance of administrative data and their potential impact on well-informed decision making and policy change to improve children and families’ well-being.

ABSTRACTBackground: The Global Forum for Health Research, with the support of the World Health Organization, highlighted the need to prioritize mental health research in Africa. The introduction of revised descriptions of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Adjustment Disorder, along with new diagnoses of Complex PTSD and Prolonged Grief Disorder, in the ICD-11 creates a need for additional national-level epidemiological studies on the prevalence of stress-related disorders.Methods: The prevalence rates of these four ICD-11 stress disorders were assessed in three African countries including Nigeria (N = 1006), Kenya (N = 1018), and Ghana (N = 500). Participants completed disorder-specific measures for each disorder.Findings: Across the entire sample, the current prevalence rate of probable Adjustment Disorder was 8.4% (95% C.I. = 7.4%, 9.6%), probable PTSD was 18.6% (95% C.I. = 17.2, 20.2%), probable Complex PTSD was 15.9% (95% C.I. = 14.5%, 17.4%) and probable Prolonged Grief Disorder was 3.7% (95% C.I. = 3.1%, 4.5%).Interpretation: The results are applicable primarily to well-educated urban and suburban adults in these African countries. Results indicated that Adjustment Disorder, PTSD, and CPTSD are highly prevalent in these three African countries. There is now a pressing need to develop culturally sensitive interventions to enable recovery from these conditions.