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Fulminant hepatic failure without liver transplantation is associated with a high mortality rate (80–100 per cent). Some 254 liver transplantations were performed on 202 patients between April 1986 and February 1992. Of these, 26 patients had fulminant hepatic failure. The median age was 31·5 (range 3–60) years. Reduced-size grafts were used in seven patients. The peroperative mortality rate was six of 26 patients, and five patients died during follow-up. Ten patients underwent retransplantation and two a second retransplant. The overall mortality rate was 16 of 26 and actuarial survival rate was 62·7 per cent at 12 months and 48·7 per cent at 36 months. The peroperative mortality rate is relatively high but liver transplantation is currently recommended as a last-resort treatment for patients with fulminant hepatic failure in the absence of response to medical treatment.