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Population growth and rapid industrialization have led to many serious problems such as change in climate, fossil fuel shortages, crisis of energy, and environmental issues, which have become the primary risks for the survival of human being on this planet, to overcome these problems researchers take keen interest in nanofluid because they have a higher thermal conductivity than conventional base fluids, and thus can serve as an effective heat transfer medium. In present article, the impact of magnetized flow for modified Eyring–Powell fluid under thermophoretic and Brownian movements aspects is examined. Double stratification phenomenon for heat/mass transportation analyses is introduced. Some suitable similarity transformations are exploited to achieve the non-linear ODEs. The acquired ODEs are resolved numerically by using bvp4c technique. Moreover, physical elucidation for dimensionless variable's is presented. Velocity of modified Eyring–Powell nanofluid has opposite behaviors versus magnetic parameter and fluid parameter. Augmented values of radiation parameter, thermophoresis, thermal Biot number, and magnetic parameters intensify the temperature of nanofluid. More specifically, concentration of nanofluid dwindles against larger solutal Biot number and Brownian moment parameter. Transportation rate of heat intesifies for larger Pr.

The recent study is related to Cattaneo-Christov model of Electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) tri-hybrid nanofluid flow in the occurrence of gyrotactic microorganisms, heat source/sink, Arrhenius activation energy, chemical reaction, natural convection, and thermal radiation on two dissimilar geometries i.e., wedge and cone. The tri-hybrid nanofluid flow with Electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) has many uses in industrial and engineering fields. Most medicinal and organic uses require a study into the insight process in nanofluid consisting of microorganism suspension. The system of partial differential equations is changed into a set of ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformation. The semi-analytical technique HAM is used to attain the solution to the problem. The influence of substantial constraints on temperature, velocity, motile density microorganisms, and concentration, are displayed through graphs. Velocity of tri-hybrid nanofluid (THNF) is increased for rising in electric parameter. Results show that the velocity of THNF rises by approximately 8.5% with a rise in the electric parameter =0.1→0.4. The temperature profile rises by approximately 10% with a rise in the magnetic parameter =0.5→2.0 and by about 7% for an upsurge in the electric parameter =0.1→0.4. The concentration profile reduces by approximately 9% with a rise in the Arrhenius activation parameter =0.2→0.8. The motile microorganism density diminishes by nearly 11% for growing Peclet number =0.3→1.0 and by 8% with a greater bio-convection Lewis number =0.5→0.8. The numerical outcomes of local density number, Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and skin friction are shown in the tables. The addition of silver, copper and aluminum oxide increases the thermal physical behavior of the base fluid considerably.

•Nanoparticles and mobile microorganisms’ are considered.•AI-based nonlinear autoregressive exogenous NARX analysis is considered here.•Intelligent computing analysis is performed through Levenberg-Marquardt Neural Network Algorithm LMNNA procedure.

In the field of engineering, manufacturing industry, biologically-inspired propulsion systems, augmenting conventional fluid heat-transfer, moisture and drying the chemical reactions are getting the utmost importance. In the last few decades, the study of non-linear materials has attracted a lot of attention in the realm of science. These fluids have importance in food industry, plastic thawing, material processing, pharmaceutical goods, polymeric liquids, biochemical engineering, toxic, nuclear plants, furthermore the mechanical applications, and polymeric liquids promote the investigation of these fluids. The characteristics of three-dimensional Sutterby fluid flow on a bidirectional expansion surface in the context of heterogeneous homogeneous processes have been explored in the current research article. Here in this work, we used an improved heterogeneous homogeneous reactions model with the same diffusion of the reactant and autocatalytic. In addition, heat transfer analysis is performed in the existence of non-linear thermal radiation and convective boundary conditions. By using a suitable similarity approach we reduced the introduced basic non-linear problem in to a self-similar form. Subsequently, the extended non-linear problem was systematically handled employing the BVP4C approach. We also investigated the influence of the related physical parameters on the profiles of concentration and temperature. The graphs demonstrate how a rise in the homogeneous process parameter causes the concentration distribution to drop concurrently with an increase predicated on the Schmidt number. Furthermore, the estimates of the Prandtl number are observed to grow with the rate of surface heat transfer.

In this research article, the bioconvection of oxytactic microorganisms with magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) 3D steady flow of Sisko nanomaterial over a stretching sheet through convective conditions is deliberated and analyzed. Possessions of thermophoresis, Brownian motion as well as mixed convection in the Sisko fluid are also deliberated. Sisko fluid is supposed to be electrically conducted over and done with a constant pragmatic magnetic field. The flow problem is communicated using governing relations and problem is transmuted into dimensionless form among non-similar procedure. To obtain convergent solutions we must solve nonlinear differential systems. The consequences of several physical parameters have been deliberate and discussed. Our results displayed that the higher microorganism difference parameter condensed the microorganism profile, while an opposite influence is established for magnetic parameter. Concentration proises of the Sisko fluid flow are improved by growing Biot number whereas contracted beside the Lewis number. In recent years, the scientists have shown great attention in the field of bioconvection owing to its countless applications such as amassing the cells, bioreactors, gas-bearing sedimentary, modeling oil, exclusion of living, and nonliving cells, and lots of additional.

The determination of the present investigation is to interpret the constitution of MHD steady three-dimensional Casson nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganism over a stretching sheet. Besides, the possessions of thermophoresis, thermal radiation and Brownian motion are considered in this investigation. We convert the subsequent non-linear PDE's are into ODE's by using suitable similarity variables. We numerically evaluate the obtained non-linear ordinary differential equations by using Bvp4c technique in mathematical solver MATLAB. The Casson fluid parameter related directly with the growing enactment of the temperature portrait. It can be detected that the concentration profile amplifies for the rising estimations of Porosity and magnetic parameter. The opposite behavior is observed in the microorganism field with growing estimates of the bioconvection Lewis number.

The basic aim of existing analysis is to scrutinize the two-dimensional flow regime of Ellis model under the consideration of magnetic field. The effect of thermophoresis as well as Brownian motion for Ellis model with the impacts of parameters like thermal radiation, bioconvection of microorganisms and viscous dissipation are also deliberated. On the other hand, the features of bioconvection have been systematically examined for its extensive uses in microbial developed oil recovery, gas-bearing alluvial basin, bio-microsystems and oil modeling. Under the effects of tension force, viscoelastic materials change according to viscoelastic and elastic illustration. Here we considered it due to hydro-dynamics unevenness and designs within suspension of subjective spinning microbes. Therefore, this paper presents a theoretical and computational evaluation of the unsteady 2D Bioconvection flow of Ellis fluid, which has non-linear radiation features as well as gyro-tactic microorganisms, illuminating the novelty of the work. Here, convective B. Cs are used for the current study, coupled PDEs are changed into coupled ODEs by using some suitable B. Cs and similarity conditions. The acquired ODEs are numerically solved by using bvp4c scheme. Here Physical effects concerning all such parameters are studied in detail and represented graphically. We found that increasing behavior of temperature for higher value of Brownian movement and thermophoresis parameter whereas fall in Prandtl number. The gyrotactic microbes result in reduction for rising values of Peclet number.

The complexity of fluid dynamics, or, more specifically, the use of reacting, radiative emitting/absorbing chemically active nanofluids, poses a problem to conventional computational models. To overcome these difficulties, this research seeks to apply the Levenberg–Marquardt Neural Networks (LMA-NN) to analyze the Darcy-Forchheimer solution for flow of radiated tangent hyperbolic fluid using viscous dissipation and activation energy subject to parameter physical features. To convert the nonlinear PDEs into their equivalent ODEs, the similarity transformation coefficients are applied. For each variable, the resulting outcomes are explained. The use of AI is to approximate computations of various physical quantities using datasets generated by the ND-solver algorithm in MATHEMATICA environment. Further, the results are discussed for the variables: curvature parameter, Weissenberg number,Prandtl number, radiation parameter, Schmidt number and thermal diffusivity coefficients. Probabilistic instance distribution research involving error-histograms, continual curve modeling at each progressive step at epochs, review of the adaptive control parameters of artificial intelligence (AI) based feeding neural network computing, and testing of the coefficient through regression model metric are used to establish and validate the convergence, accuracy as well as the effectiveness of the recommended AI-based analysis on Levenberg Marquardt evaluator through MATLAB. The results in eight scenarios for the proposed Levenberg–Marquardt neural networks model were highly precise, with error values of 6.76E-12, 2.58E-10, 4.07E-10, 2.24E-10, 6.90E-11, 4.04E-10, 4.85E-10, and 1. The contrary epochs of convergence were 115, 436, 299, 564, 236, 332, 145, and 416, correspondingly. The above outcomes demonstrate the effectiveness of the idea in using the given problem in fluid dynamics analysis while also proving to be less erroneous than other existing powerful techniques.

Nanotechnology is fascinating pronounced deliberation because of its vast uses in nano-robot, aircraft industry, bio-nano-metric devices, water desalination, medicine, cancer treatment, nano-tubes metric, rubber metal and nano-metric pregnant. Several investigators are involved in exploring the belongings of the magnetic field owing to its wide utilizations in turbo machinery, metallurgy, polymer industry, blood flow, connection of nuclear accelerators and electrical furnace, nuclear reactor, etc. Furthermore, the aspect of bioconvection has been thoroughly explored because of its wide range of uses in bio-microsystems, oil modeling, gas-bearing deposit sink and microbial enhanced oil reclamation. The prime intention of existing investigation is to study the three-dimensional double stratification flow of Sisko nanofluid containing microorganisms over a stretching sheet. The properties of nonlinear radiation along with the magnetic field are take into consideration in this mathematical analysis. Additionally, the aspects of activation energy, chemical reaction and mixed convection are also endorsed. An appropriate set of similarity transformations is deliberated to change the PDEs into a set of combined nonlinear ODEs. We achieved numerical solution of the nonlinear ODEs because of the (bvp4c) MATLAB built-in command. The impacts of numerous developing substantial parameters of Sisko nanofluid beside the profile's concentration, temperature, microorganisms, Sherwood number, Nusselt number have been deliberated also studied along tables and graphs. It is investigated that the temperature profile declines by an intensification in the estimates of stretching parameter, material parameter appropriate to Sisko fluid and the Prandtl number, while its value growths with the thermophoresis and magnetic parameter. Correspondingly, we perceived that the thermophoresis and Brownian motion parameters have the opposite impacts against Sisko nanofluid concentration. It should be noted that no other flow model with similar thermal possessions has been inspected in the collected works and therefore as might be the leading. Solar energy, thermal extrusion, biofuels, heat transfer improvement, enzymes, many electronics devices, and additional sectors all advantages from the existing flow model.

Nanotechnology appeal to a significant consideration due to its environmental friendliness as well as variety of applications in field of medicine, treatment of cancer, nano-robot, bio-nano size devices, aircraft engineering, distillation of water etc. Basic aim behind this inspection is scrutinizing the efficacy of radiative aspect in magnetized Eyring Powell nanofluid configured by impervious surface. The determination of present research work is to explore the 2-D fluid flow of Eyring Powell ferrofluid with effects of a reasonable magnetic field called magnetic dipole. Individualities and important properties of viscous dissipation factor as well as thermophoresis parameter for Eyring Powell model of ferrofluid detaining the important features of temperature gradient are under consideration too. The coupled systems of PDEs are transformed into set of ODEs. Moreover, bvp4c scheme is used to tackle these ODEs. Impacts of some physical parameters are also addressed and shown graphically. It is perceived that temperature increases for thermophoresis, at the same time as decay when we increase in Prandtl number. The Concentration profile of ferrofluid shows declining behavior when we increase the values for parameter of Brownian motion along with Schmidt number. The elaborated physical quantity named Nusselt number is evaluated numerically and presented in tabular form. Here bvp4c technique is used for solving the problem which is a numeric solution of reduced coupled nonlinear set of equations, after that it is explained with help of graphs.

The present investigation refers to a novel comparison approach to evaluate the thermal conduction attributes and other thermal properties of Sutterby multi-hybrid nanofluids. These nanofluids include the colloidal suspension with composition of Copper, Zinc, Silver, and Iron oxide (Cu,Zn,Ag,Fe3O4) nanoparticles traditional base fluid Ethanol. The Python based collocation method is utilized, that uses piecewise polynomial of higher order spline. Modelled problems incorporate momentum, energy and concentration. The method has an adaptive mesh refinement algorithm that enhances the number of collocation points at high resolution complex regions. The prime goal is to explore the viability of multi-HNF with increasing rate of thermal conductivity for various systems in engineering fields. Maxwell-Garnett and specific empirical correlations are used for making an approximation of the thermal-conduction coefficient and dynamic-viscosity changes of these nanofluids. Densities and specific thermal abilities of individual constituents are combined through homogenization analysis. The study gives insight into their use of different technological disciplines. It is found that Tetra-HNF have a noteworthy augmentation in thermal characteristics; therefore, it can be a potential contender for the application in sustainable energy systems, heat transfer devices and thermal management systems. Magnetic Parameter, Debora, Prandtl, intermolecular vibration, Schmidt, chemical reaction and porosity are analyzed against flow rate, temperature and engineering parameters. The results showed a significant reduction in viscosity and enhancement in thermal conductivity of tetra-HNF compared to other species, with an approximate increase of 25% in thermal efficiency and 15% decrease in drag force, making it an advanced candidate for thermal management.

The purpose of this research was to characterize and identify novel bioactive flavonoids in Rauvolfia serpentinaroots as natural, safe, and efficacious angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for the management of antihypertension. Firstly, total flavonoids were extracted from Rauvolfia serpentinato evaluate the ACE inhibition potential. The extracted total flavonoids showed greater ACE inhibition potential (79.9 ± 0.42%) than the standard captopril (72.12 ± 0.35%) which is synthetic hypotensive drug. These flavonoids were further purified using column chromatography, and their potential to inhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme was determined. Only the third fraction (F3) exhibited ACE inhibitory potential compared to the other seven purified fractions. The F3 fraction was analyzed with LC–ESI–MS/MS to determine which flavonoid compound inhibited ACE. The flavonoid compounds recognized as ACE inhibitors from Rauvolfia serpentinaincluded pinocembrin, quercetin, galangin-5 methyl-ether, apigenin, pseudobaptigenin, quercetin dimethyl ether O-glucuronide, and myricetin 3 O-glucoside, luteolin 7-O glucuronyl, rutin, and quercetin -3- O hexose-pentose. The finding of this research indicates that the root of Rauvolfia serpentinacontains several different medicinal flavonoids possessing the capacity to control hypertension through angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition mode of action.

Chalcogenide nanoparticles and their morphologies have contributed to the most prominent nano-chemistry field under their ease of fabrication and assorted appositeness. Herein, we demonstrate the two antithetic pathways viz., single source (S-S) and multisource (M-S) precursors to fabricate nanomaterial. The motive of the stated research work was to identify any alteration in morphologies of the resulting product by shifting the fabrication pathways. Wherefore, to deduct the results, photocatalytic activity (covered by full-spectrum versus four contrasting dyes) and battery application (electrochemical discharge/charge at voltage limits of 0.01 – 3.0 V against Li/Li+) of both materials have been executed. The nanomaterial gathered from the S-S protocol has an immense exterior area that acknowledges the photocatalytic activity rather than the product obtained from the M-S protocol.

In the presented study, a novel application of intelligent numerical computing solver based on neural networks backpropagated with the Levenberg-Marquard scheme (NN-BLMS) is presented to interpret the chemical reactions and activation energy in unsteady 3D flow of Eyring-Powell magneto-nanofluidic system for convective heat and mass flux scenarios. The original nonlinear coupled PDEs representing the Eyring-Powell magneto-nanofluidic model (EPMNM) is transformed to an equivalent nonlinear ODEs system by exploiting similarity variables. A dataset for the proposed NN-BLMS is generated for different scenarios of EPMNM by variation of radiation, temperature ratio parameter, heat generation, Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameters by using Adam numerical method. The training, testing, and validation processes of NN-BLMS are performed to determine the approximate solution of EPMNM for different cases and comparison with reference results to verify the correctness of the proposed NN-BLMS. The performance of the proposed NN-BLMS to effectively solve the EPMNM is endorsed through mean squared error, histogram studies and regression analysis. The close matching of the proposed and reference results based on error analysis form level 10−05to 10-07validates the correctness of the proposed methodology.

In this present communication, we proposed the mathematical model for non-Newtonian liquid (Ree-Eyring model) towards a stretched surface. The Buongiorno model is used in the modelling of flow problem subject to magnetohydrodynamics, entropy generation, nonlinear thermal radiation, homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions, Brownian motion, Joule heating and thermophoresis diffusion. Convective boundary conditions are implemented at the stretched surface. With the assistance of rheological expression of Ree-Eyring model, we construct the governing flow expressions. The energy equation is developed via Brownian diffusion, nonlinear thermal radiation, Joule heating and thermophoresis. Two different types of species (homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions) are considered for the analysis of mass transport. The flow is solely induced due to a nonlinear stretched surface. The electrical conducting and chemically reactive fluid is considered for the analysis towards a stretched surface. The appropriate transformations are implemented to transform governing PDEs into a set of coupled ODEs. Shooting method has been applied to get the solutions of obtained highly non-linear ODEs. The thermodynamics second law is employed to model and calculate total entropy rate. Impact of influential variables on the flow field (velocity), gradient of velocity, temperature, gradient of temperature, concentration and entropy generation rate are studied. The engineering quantities like velocity, temperature gradients are numerical discussed in tabular form. Furthermore, the entropy rate and Bejan number show contrast impact versus larger Brinkman number.

The Cattaneo-Christov flux model is applied to conduct a theoretical investigation into the effect of the magnetohydrodynamic and Biot number on the traditional Sakiadis and Blasius flows of heat transfer across a sheet. In recent years, research has focused on a variety of technical activities including thermal expansion and hydromagnetic fluxes in porous media including nuclear reactor cooling, fusion control, liquid metal filtration, compact heat exchangers, and casting. The boundary of the sheet contains a radiative heat source, a magnetic field in the uniform case, and connective conditions acting perpendicular to the sheet. The set of nonlinear PDEs have been transformed to their ODEs form using the similarity transformations. Homotopy analyses method is used for the solution of the obtained ordinary differential equations. The impact of parameters on the Sherwood number, temperature, velocity, Nusselt number and concentration are shown tabularly and graphically. The greatest pertinent significance of this study is the enhancement in the strength of magnetic field diminishes the velocity field generating minor velocity of the boundary layer flow in both Blasius and Sakiadis. In addition, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis and radiation parameter made directly growing influence on the temperature but reverse influence of Prandtl number of the temperature is detected.

Owing to improved thermal characteristics along with increasing trend of nanotechnology in variety of fields including medical, aerospace technology, advanced cooling system, modern cooling devices, manufacturing of latest biodegradable plastic, pharmaceutical industry, remediation of environment, coolant in vehicles engines, MRI machines, manufacturing of efficient batteries, latest electronic technology based on nanotechnology. In recent article we have discussed the MHD flow of nanofluid along rate of entropy generation above the stretching plate. The major effects of Brownian motion along thermophoresis phenomena are also a part of our investigation. The energy generation and energy absorption are also under consideration with non-renewable resources of energy. Basic purpose of current exploration is exploration of the impacts of convective boundary condition on two dimensional MHD flow of nanofluid is considered with stratification phenomena. The effects of magnetic field are also observed with variation in temperature, concentration and entropy generation. Here shooting scheme is used with bvp4c technique to convert the system of PDEs to resultant ODEs. Different dimensionless parameters are taken in account to discuss the variation of important fluid parameters like Nusselt number and Sherwood number in tabular form. The micro-organisms profile declines with increment of Lewis number along with Peclet number. Concentration of nanofluid increases with Brownian motion while conflicting behavior is observed in case of thermophoresis parameter.

The microorganisms’ concept has appealed substantial consideration of modern researchers because of its utilization in commercial and industrial products, for illustration, biofuel (prepared from the waste), drug delivery, and fertilizers. Keeping such utilizations of microorganisms in mind, an analysis based on gyrotactic microorganisms featuring the mixed convective nonlinear radiative Maxwell nanoliquid stagnation point flow configured by permeable stretching surface is presented. Boundary layer stretching flow subjected to transpiration effects is formulated. Modeling is based on Buongiorno’s nanoliquid model. This model captures Brownian diffusion along with thermophoresis aspects. Energy expression is formulated under nonlinear version of radiative heat-flux, heat source, thermal Robin conditions, and heat sink. Mass transport analysis is presented considering solutal Robin conditions and chemical reaction. In addition, the Robin conditions for motile microorganisms are also considered. The complex mathematical expressions of Maxwell liquid are simplified utilizing the Boundary layer concept and then suitable transformations assist to obtain the mathematical problems in ordinary differential forms. The analytical approach (that is homotopy analysis methodology) is utilized for computational analysis. The outcomes obtained are presented graphically and numerically. The detailed description of emerging physical non-dimensional parameters is included. Our findings indicate that the motile density field strongly boosted with the increment in Peclet number and microorganisms Biot number; however, they are suppressed with the increase in the values of bioconvection Schmidt number and motile microorganism concentration difference parameter.

•Gyrotactic microorganisms for 3D Carreau nanofluid is considered here.•Features of nanomaterials with chemical reaction are studied.•Numerical Technique is employed here.•Heat sink-source and radiation aspects are accounted for modeling nanofluid.

The present article exploits a novel application of AI-based Levenberg–Marquardt scheme with backpropagated neural network (LMS–BPNN) to analyze the double-diffusive free convection nanofluid flow model (DDFC-NFM) over an inclined plate in the existence of Brownian motion and thermophoresis properties embedded in a porous medium. The governing PDEs representing DDFC-NFM are transformed into system of nonlinear ODEs by applying suitable transformation. The reference data set is generated from Lobatto III-A numerical solver by variation of magnetic field parameter (M), thermal Grashof number (Gr), angle of inclination (α), Brownian motion parameter (Nb), Dufour-solutal Lewis number (Ld), modified Dufour parameter (Nd) and thermophoresis parameter (Nt) for all scenarios of the designed LMS–BPNN. The approximate solution and its comparison with standard solution are analyzed by execution of training, testing and validation procedure of the designed LMS–BPNN. The effectiveness and reliable performance of LMS–BPNN are endorsed with MSE-based fitness curve, regression analysis, error histogram analysis and correlation index. Results reveal that velocity increases with the rise in Gr,whereas reverse trend has been noticed for angle of inclination and magnetic field parameter and the temperature profile increases with the increase in Nb, Nd and Nt. The solutal concentration profile increases with the increment in Ld, while an increase in Nd causes a decrease in it. When Nt increases, the enhancement in the nanoparticle volume frictions occurs, but an opposite behavior is depicted for Brownian motion parameter.