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ABSTRACTWhile the unmaking of public housing in the US and the subsequent displacement of residents is a widely studied phenomenon, this intervention aims to bring awareness to an absence of waiting in our reading of urban displacement. The literature on waiting, coming mostly from forced migration and refugee studies, has so far not been applied to the case of persons displaced from their homes in US cities. This contribution critically reflects current debates on temporalities in urban redevelopment and aims to thoroughly engage with waiting as an integral part of displacement to flesh out the slow violence and power-geometries of home-unmaking. To illustrate the importance of waiting for urban geography, this intervention briefly discusses the redevelopment of a public housing project in Washington, DC. Five years after the demolition of the project, it is still a brownfield, with its residents scattered across the city, even though they were promised that they could return. The residents thus struggle to inhabit the liminal spaces they are in, while they battle the uncertainty and arbitrariness of waiting to return to their homes.

ABSTRACTTrust has become a popular term in current political and social debates, but it usually remains a vague concept. This paper aims to introduce trust as a sociospatial concept for the study of urban developments. More precisely, trust is used to analyze the housing markets of two U.S. cities, Washington, D.C. and New Orleans, both of which are shaped by the forces of a global real estate market, rendering housing unaffordable for many local residents. Trust serves as a lens through which we can examine the tensions in the housing market and the struggles of local residents. We argue that these tensions sever urban trust relations by undermining the home as an essential building block for trust. Securing access to adequatehousing is thus regarded as a first step toward building urban trust networks, enabling residents to partake in urban life and make use of their right to the city.

Dietary fiber fractions of whole seeds from different lupin species were structurally characterized. The low-molecular-weight soluble dietary fiber fraction contains mainly stachyose and verbascose. The soluble dietary fiber fraction is dominated by homogalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan type I (RGI), with (arabino-)galactans and to a lesser portion arabinans as neutral RGI side chains. Arabinans are preferentially branched in position O2 as demonstrated by methylation analysis and an arabinan profiling approach. Insoluble dietary fiber is mainly composed of cellulose and pectins, but xylans and xyloglucans are present, too. Application of an enzymatic xyloglucan profiling approach demonstrated a substitution degree of 75% and proved the existence of fucosylated xyloglucans. Lignin of all lupin species was analyzed as being rich in guaiacyl units; however, the degree of lignification is low. Alcohol-insoluble residue polysaccharides from both seed coat and embryo/endosperm were analyzed separately, demonstrating tissue-related differences in the portions of cellulose and RGI.

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolorL. Moench) is a multipurpose crop with high potential for the bioeconomy. Ten sweet, grain and dual‐purpose sorghum genotypes were compared with respect to sugar‐related traits and cell wall composition. The dual‐purpose hybrids Ganymed, Zerberus, and Tarzan performed better with respect to plant height, cane weight, and juice volume, but the sweet genotype KIT1 produced the highest sugar concentration (°Brix) in the stem. Analytical sugar data demonstrate genotypic differences in terms of sugar composition and concentrations, with sucrose being dominant. The monosaccharide composition of the stem cell wall polysaccharides showed surprisingly little genotypic variability. Variations in contents of lignin and cell wall‐bound hydroxycinnamate monomers were moderate. Sweet, grain and dual‐purpose sorghum genotypes differ widely in terms of sugar‐related morphological parameters but are comparable with respect to their cell wall chemistry. The use of sorghum as a bioeconomy crop has mainly focused on the extraction of sugar for bioethanol production. However, besides cell wall polymers, the potential usage of hydroxycinnamates as platform molecules for the chemical industry may improve the valorization of the residues after sugar extraction. This application appears to be fairly independent of genotype, further increasing the potential of sorghum for the bioeconomy.

Women may be more susceptible to infections in the luteal phase, supposedly as a consequence of the hormone progesterone and its immunosuppressive action. While immunosuppression may be important for successful oocyte implantation and pregnancy, it makes women more vulnerable to pathogens. According to theory, to compensate for reduced immunocompetence, women in the luteal phase exhibit proactive behavioral responses, such as disgust and avoidance of disease-associated stimuli, to minimize contagion risk. However, previous studies yielded inconsistent results, and did not account for accompanying proactive immune responses, like the increase of secretory immunoglobin A (sIgA). Here, we assessed the proactive immune response and feelings of disgust associated with disease cues in the comparison of 61 woman with a natural menstrual cycle (31in the follicular and 30 in the luteal phase) and 20 women taking hormonal contraception (HC). Women rated disease vulnerability and disgust propensity, watched a video displaying people with respiratory symptoms, which was evaluated for disgust and contagiousness, and provided saliva samples for hormone and sIgA analysis. Women with HC reported a heightened vulnerability to disease compared to naturally cycling women, whereas both the feeling of disgust and the sIgA increase elicited by the disease video were similar across groups, regardless of progesterone. We found a u-shaped relationship between progesterone and baseline sIgA in naturally cycling women, with its nadir during ovulation. Overall, our data do not support a compensatory relationship between the proposed progesterone-induced immunosuppression and heightened disgust or a proactive sIgA response.

The behavioral immune system (BIS) comprises manifold mechanisms, that may assist the physiological immune system (PIS) in counteracting infection and can even reduce the risk of contagion. Previous studies have found initial evidence for possible interactions between the two systems. However, most of these findings were correlative and have not been replicated. Further, none of these studies examined whether disease stimuli that indicate an enhanced airborne transmission risk may trigger a different immune response in comparison to stimuli that predominantly evoke core disgust. In the present study, we employed a video-priming approach to get further insight in the influence of the perception of disgust- and disease-related stimuli on the rapid physiological immune response, as indicated by changes of secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) in saliva. We created three video primers that represented different categories of disgust- and/or disease-associated content. Two of the videos showed disease-related situations that were associated with contagious respiratory virus infections, varying in concealment of aerosols. The third video incurred no heightened airborne contagion risk, but comprised situations that are known to elicit core disgust, such as rotten foods, decaying animal carcasses, or cockroaches. A fourth video acted as control showing landscape impressions. The different video primers varied in their contagion risk and disgust-evoking potential. Given the role of S-IgA in the mucosal immune defense, we expected differences in the S-IgA response between the two videos indicating a heightened airborne contagion risk and the core disgust video, with the highest S-IgA to occur after the aerosol video. For this, we used the data of 107 healthy participants in a between-subjects design with the four video primers. We found a significant increase of S-IgA in response to both the disease- and the disgust-related videos, which correlated positively with the perceived contagion risk of the displayed situations. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in the increase between the three disease- and disgust-related videos. We also found that people with a high contamination disgust produced less S-IgA in such situations, which is a hint for a compensating relationship between the BIS and PIS. Our observations suggest that the mere visual perception of videos showing realistic situations of an increased contagion risk can elicit a heightened release of salivary antibodies.

A Make It Right resident I'm calling Harry - I promised anonymity to all the residents I interviewed - had to move out of his home during major renovations that didn't resolve all the issues he faces. Brad Pitt's Make It Right Foundation built 109 eye-catching and affordable homes in New Orleans for a community where many people were displaced by damage wrought by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. [Extracted from the article]

This article focuses upon the central motifs and symbols of the Australian abstract artist Rosalie Gascoigne (1917-1999) in an attempt to uncover the spirituality in her work, and to connect this with Australian spirituality and with spirituality in the wider Christian tradition. The author proposes such a connection to be the fruit of bringing to bear the religious imagination upon Gascoigne's work, that is, a capacity to attend to the contemplative, creative and sacramental layers in it. Such a capacity invites a response to the artist's work that is ultimately religious. For Australia to be known as land of the spirit (Terra spiritus), theologians cannot neglect the work of artists such as Rosalie Gascoigne.

Objective: As part of a larger study into the health and well‐being of older people, their relationships with health and community service providers were explored. This paper focuses on how older people viewed their relationship with their general practitioner (GP).