Search

The article discusses the resistance to fluoroquinolones and methicillin in ophthalmic isolates of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in dogs with and without ophthalmic disease. It mentions that highest resistance was observed to ciprofloxacin in comparison to enrofloxacin and ofloxacin which reflects the need of two mutations in DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Also mentioned is that the epithelium and endothelium act as a natural barriers in eye and reduces bioavailability of drugs.

The prevalence, virulence potential, and antibiotic resistance of ophthalmic Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (SP) isolated from dogs were examined. Sixty-seven Staphylococcus species were isolated from ophthalmic samples and surveyed for species-specific sequences in the Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG) nuclease gene (SInuc), exfoliative toxin gene for SIG (siet), and antibiotic resistance genes (blaZ and mecA). PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the pta gene was also performed. Fifty isolates were identified as SIG strains, all of which were found to be SP. The blaZ gene was detected in 42 of the 50 SP strains and mecA gene was observed in 18 of the 50 SP strains. The 50 SP strains were most susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (94%) and chlorampenicol (70%), and highly resistant to tetracycline (94%) and penicillin (92%). It was also found that 16 (88.9%) mecA-positive SP strains were resistant to oxacillin, tetracycline and penicillin. All mecA-positive SP were resistant to more than four of the eight tested antibiotics and therefore considered SP with multi-drug resistance (MDR). Our results indicate a high prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in ophthalmic SP along with a close relationship between MDR SP strains and the mecA gene. Based on our findings, judicious administration of antibiotics to companion dogs is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a 13-year-old, intact male, mix-breed dog which was evaluated for multiple nodules around the anus. It says that the diagnosis for the nodules is perianal gland adenoma which is based on histopathologic examination. It states that cyclosporine A which is an immunosuppressive drug that inhibits T-cell activity was used for treatment. It also mentions that the radiation therapy and surgical resection was not used for the perianal gland adenoma.

The article presents a case study of three seven-week old English cocker spaniel littermates which were diagnosed with juvenile cellulitis and hindlimb paresis. Physical and neurologic examinations show submandibular lymph nodes mild swelling and low motor neuron symptoms. A combined Cyclosporin A (CsA) and prednisolone treatment improved the dogs' hindlimb paresis and skin lesions. It also discusses the effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cyclosporine in the spinal injury in animal models.

The article presents a case study of six year old female Maltese dog which was diagnosed with granulomatous meningoencephalitis (GME). It notes that the dog manifested generalized seizures and intracranial lesion. Moreover, it cites the application of 7.0 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to confirm the GME lesion.

The article presents a case study of a neutered 10-year-old Maltese dog with a three week history of intention tremor, right hand limb rigidity, poor coordination, and periodic circling to the left. Initial diagnosis shows paradoxical vestibular syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) were performed on the dog confirmed that it has a primary histiocytic sarcoma of the brain which is the first reported case in PET.

Three small breed dogs were referred for the evaluation of neurologic deficits. Upon physical and neurologic examination, all dogs displayed hyperesthesia, pain, and neck stiffness. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on the brain and spinal cord, and all three dogs presented Chiari-like malformations and syringomyelia. These dogs were treated with prednisolone and furosemide, and showed rapid improvement of clinical signs. Chiari malformations and syringomyelia were not improved because of congenital disorders. This case report demonstrates the clinical and diagnostic features of Chiari-like malformations and syringomyelia in three small breed dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]