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The ignition property (ignition temperature and combustion time) of coals and chars were determined at the heating rate of 7.5°/min and under pressure. Different factors have been investigated, which include particle size, total pressure, partial pressure of oxygen, macerals, preparation method and catalyst. The results show that: the ignition temperature decrease with decreasing particle size and increasing total pressure or partial pressure of oxygen; coal char prepared by lower heating rate has higher ignition temperature than that by higher heating rate; vitrinite has higher ignition temperature than fusinite, but after carbonization the situation turns opposite; addition of K+; and Na+ to anthracite or coal char can decrease ignition temperature and K+; is more effective than Na+;.