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The ethnomedicinal plants of Uttarakhand's tribal people are the subject of this study. The residents of the tribal communities have a strong belief in and understanding of these plants and their application to the treatment of ailments. The study discussed information on the plant's parts use, efficacy, traditional uses, formulations, administration mode, and target diseases, which show the importance of ethnomedicinal plants for the local inhabitants in their routine life. The data were collected from September 2020 to September 2021 in the tribal area of Uttarakhand, India. A total of 190 respondents were questioned utilizing a visual assessment method and an open-ended questionnaire, including their gender representation. The dataset was analyzed quantitatively by using quantitative indices like informant consensus factor (ICF), use value (UV), and relative frequency of citation (RFC). A total of 238 plants have been identified and documented. The results indicate the majority of healers belong to old age groups; Asteraceae and Fabaceae, with 16 and 15 taxa, respectively, are the largest plant families; herbaceous (99 plants) are the most dominant life forms among others. The highest ICF value (1.00) has been found for the cardiac disorders category. The UV and RFC range from 1 to 4 and 0.01 to 0.52, respectively. Traditional knowledge is under threat because young people do not esteem it enough. Hence, the documentation of this knowledge is needed to be useful for new herbal drug development.

Secondary metabolites have potential benefits to human being. They are used in the food, agricultural andpharmaceutical industries. The secondary metabolite of furanocoumarins from different plant sources is essential invarious skin-related ailments. Biologically, these chemicals are isolated from different plants in the Apiaceae, Fabaceae,Rutaceae and Moraceae families. Ammi majus L. is one of the most common plants in the family of Apiaceaewith a large quantity of derivatives. The furanocoumarin derivatives defend the plant by fighting external enemies bySystemic Acquired Resistance (SAR). Via suppressing or retarding microbial growth in infected parts, these derivatives,along with SAR, help to alleviate inflammation in the human body. Latest evidence of these compounds has beenestablished in the treatment of cancer, but the mechanism that needs to be elaborated is not yet understood. Recentstudies have shown that furanocoumarin derivatives bind to DNA base pairs and block DNA replication. This may be apotential pathway that helps to regulate the growth of cancerous cells. This article reflects on the pharmaceutical dataof furanocoumarins and their different mechanisms in these cases.

Crowdcoding, a method that outsources “coding” tasks to numerous people on the internet, has emerged as a popular approach for annotating texts and visuals. However, the performance of this approach for analyzing social media data in the context of journalism and mass communication research has not been systematically assessed. This study evaluated the validity and efficiency of crowdcoding based on the analysis of 4,000 tweets about the 2016 U.S. presidential election. The results show that compared with the traditional quantitative content analysis, crowdcoding yielded comparably valid results and was superior in efficiency, but was more expensive under most circumstances.

Bryophytes are the second largest group of land plants after angiosperms. There is very less knowledge available about medicinal properties of these plants. Bryophytes are popular remedy among the tribal people of different parts of the world. Tribal people use these plants to cure various ailments in their daily lives. Bryophytes are used to cure hepatic disorders, skin diseases, cardiovascular diseases, used as antipyretic, antimicrobial, wound healing and many more other ailments by different tribal communities of Africa, America, Europe, Poland, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, Turkey, Japan, Taiwan, Pakistan, China, Nepal and different parts of South, North and Eastern India. Apart from ethno-medicinal uses some bryophytes possesses antitumor activities against different cancer cell lines and this property of bryophytes needs to be more focused in the future. Compile information about medicinal properties and anticancer properties of bryophytes is lacking till date. In the present review, the authors tried to compile all the ethno-medicinal and other related information of bryophytes and fill the knowledge lacuna in this particular field. Some published reviews are available but the information is segregated. This manuscript will help people doing research in the bryophytes.

This article presents an empirical study that investigated and compared two “big data” text analysis methods: dictionary-based analysis, perhaps the most popular automated analysis approach in social science research, and unsupervised topic modeling (i.e., Latent Dirichlet Allocation [LDA] analysis), one of the most widely used algorithms in the field of computer science and engineering. By applying two “big data” methods to make sense of the same dataset—77 million tweets about the 2012 U.S. presidential election—the study provides a starting point for scholars to evaluate the efficacy and validity of different computer-assisted methods for conducting journalism and mass communication research, especially in the area of political communication.

Multi-Energy X-ray Computed Tomography (MECT) is a non-destructive scanning technology in which multiple energyselective measurements of the X-ray attenuation can be obtained. This provides more information about the chemical composition of the scanned materials than single-energy technologies and potential for more reliable detection of explosives. We study the problem of discriminating between explosives and non-explosives using low-dimensional features extracted from the high-dimensional attenuation versus energy curves of materials. We study various linear dimensionality reduction methods and demonstrate that the detection performance can be improved by using more than two features and when using features different than the standard photoelectric and Compton coefficients. This suggests the potential for improved detection performance relative to conventional dual-energy X-ray systems.