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Introduction:Implantable cardioverter defibrillators have the opportunity to register various types of arrhythmia. Many models beyond the detection of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, can also detect paroxysmal atrial arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation (AF), which is often asymptomatic.Hypothesis:If implantable devices have the ability to register arrhythmias, we are probably able to determine what are the risk factors for asymptomatic episodes of atrial fibrillation patients with ICD/CRT-D and thus recognize a group of patients that will benefit from implanting a device with the possibility of atrial detection.Methods:The study included 174 consecutive outpatient cases with heart failure, sinus rhythm and implanted Cardioverter Defibrillator and Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy with Defibrillator. Control visits with analysis of intracardiac electrocardiograms records occurred every three months. During mean follow-up of 20 months, 901 visits were carried out. 147 patients had at least one year of follow-up.Results:Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation episodes in the study group occurred in 31.2% of patients (241 episodes). Most of these events were asymptomatic (71.4%) and more frequent in patients with COPD (P = 0.004), previous stroke (P = 0.007), larger left atrial size, atrioventricular conduction disorders (P<0.0001) and intraventricular conduction disturbances (P<0.0001), using amiodarone (P = 0.02), diuretics (P = 0.04) and statins (P = 0.001). Symptomatic events were significantly more in patients with a smaller left atrial dimension (P = 0.008), treated with ARB (P = 0.012) and anticoagulants (P = 0.001).Conclusions:Despite some limitations, for those particularly predisposed with the above risk factors, implantation of a cardioverter defibrillator with the possibility of atrial detection should be considered.