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[Display omitted] • Low MW polysaccharides（PSP3） from S. platensis were prepared and the properties were characterized. • PSP3 inhibited α-glucosidase and enhanced the glucose uptake capacity of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in vitro. • PSP3 regulated glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic mice in vivo. • PSP3 alleviated diabetic by regulating liver function parameters and antioxidant system activity. In this study, the structure, composition, cytotoxicity, and in vitro hypoglycemic activity of a polysaccharide isolated from Spirulina platensis (PSP1) and its degradation fragments (PSP2, PSP3) were assessed. Structurally, PSP was identified as a sulfated α-pyranose. All three tested polysaccharides were found to inhibit α-glucosidase, with the small-molecule polysaccharide PSP3 exhibiting the best efficacy in this context. MTT assays indicated that none of the tested polysaccharides exhibited cytotoxic activity when used to treat 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, whereas all three were able to enhance the glucose uptake capacity of these cells in a model of insulin resistance and PSP3 exhibited the best in vitro hypoglycemic activity. In vivo hypoglycemic activity of PSP3 indicated that its oral administration alleviated glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in STZ-induced diabetic mice, PSP3 alleviating insulin resistance in diabetic mice while also improving liver function parameters and antioxidant system activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effects of aqueous extract of alligator pear seed on normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats were investigated in 6 groups of rats (5 rats per group). Test groups were made diabetic with intra-peritoneal injection of alloxan and treated with 300mg and 600mg/kg body weight of alligator pear seed extract. Two non-diabetic groups were also administered with 300mg and 600mg/kg body weight extract. The levels of blood glucose were examined in all 6 experimental groups. In diabetic rats, blood glucose levels were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) by 73.26-78.24% on consumption of the extracts, with greater effect exhibited by the 600mg/kg extract. In normal rats, blood glucose levels were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) by 34.68-38.9% on consumption of the seed extract. Histological studies showed a degenerative effect on the pancreatic islet cells of diabetic rats. The result suggested restorative (protective) effect of the extract on pancreatic islet cells. Administration of aqueous extract of alligator pear seed may contribute significantly to the reduction of blood glucose levels and can be useful in the treatment of diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Sesquiterpene glycoside, nerolidol-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1→4)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)]-β-d-glucopyranoside was isolated from dried leaves of loquat [Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Rosaceae]. Hypoglycemic effects of this natural product were assessed in normal and alloxan-diabetic mice model. Animals received orally administration of the sesquiterpene glycoside in dose of 25 and 75mg/kg. The anti-hyperglycemic effect was compared with gliclazide''s. The dose of 25 and 75mg/kg both exerted a significant () hypoglycemic effect in alloxan-diabetic mice throughout the test and a slight effect in normal mice. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article presents a study on the effects of an arabinogalactan-protein (WSSP-AGP) derived from sweet potato on the blood glucose of diabetic mice. The study indicates that WSSP-AGP provided a significant decrease of plasma glucose levels in mice through insulin resistance. It notes that the hypoglycemic effects of WSSP-AGP are mediated by amelioration of insulin resistance.