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In this paper, the future of Indigenous autonomy and Indigenous community-based research is illustrated by analyzing re-Westernization, de-Westernization, and decoloniality in relation to the regeneration of the Indigenous glocal (global/local) concept of sumaq kawsay (“living well” in Quechua). The regeneration of sumaq kawsay as a new geopolitical and cultural polycentric and multipolar world is examined from an Indigenous studies decolonial perspective and an Indigenous Andean campesino (peasant) community-based perspective. Sumaq kawsay has encouraged an unexpected pan-Latin American perspective that supports decoloniality and its epistemic pluri-versity as an alternative scenario to “progress” and the business approach of development aid embedded within re-/de-Westernization. more...