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1. Insights into fluid evolution and Re enrichment by mineral micro-analysis and fluid inclusion constraints: Evidence from the Maronia Cu-Mo ± Re ± Au porphyry system in NE Greece

Author

Falkenberg, Jan J., Keith, Manuel, Melfos, Vasilios, Hohl, Max, Haase, Karsten M., Voudouris, Panagiotis, Höss, Alica, Wenske, Julia, Klemd, Reiner, Beier, Christoph, Kutzschbach, Martin, and Strauss, Harald

Abstract

Porphyry-epithermal veins hosting Re-rich molybdenite and rheniite (ReS2) from the Maronia Cu-Mo ± Re ± Au porphyry in Thrace, NE Greece, provide new insights into the hydrothermal processes causing extreme Re enrichment. Quartz trace element chemistry (Al/Ti, Ge/Ti), Ti-in-quartz thermometry, and cathodoluminescence imaging reveal multiple quartz generations in consecutive hydrothermal quartz-sulfide veins associated with potassic, sericitic, and argillic alteration. Fluid inclusions in different quartz generations indicate that phase separation and fluid cooling are the main ore-forming processes in the porphyry stage (~ 500 – 350 °C), whereas mixing of a vapor-rich fluid with metalliferous (e.g., Pb, Zn, Au) meteoric water forms the epithermal veins (~ 280 °C). These processes are recorded by trace element ratios in pyrite that are sensitive to changes in fluid temperature (Se/Te), fluid salinity (As/Sb, Co/As), and mixing between fluids of magmatic and meteoric origin (Se/Ge). Highly variable intra-grain δ34S values in pyrite record S isotope fractionation during SO2disproportionation and phase separation, emphasizing the importance of in situ δ34S analysis to unravel ore-forming processes. High δ34S (~ 4.5‰) values of sulfides are indicative of low SO42−/H2S fluid ratios buffered by the local host rocks and mixing of the magma-derived fluid with meteoric water. The formation of Re-rich molybdenite (~ 6600 ppm) is favored by cooling and reduction of a magma-derived, high-temperature (~400 °C), oxidized, and Re-rich fluid triggering efficient Re precipitation in early veins in the potassic alteration zone. The systematic temporal fluid evolution therefore reveals that coeval cooling and reduction of oxidized Re-rich fluids cause extreme Re enrichment at the Maronia porphyry system.

Published
2024
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2. Chapter 3.2b Bransfield Strait and James Ross Island: petrology

Author

Haase, Karsten M. and Beier, Christoph

Abstract

Young volcanic centres of the Bransfield Strait and James Ross Island occur along back-arc extensional structures parallel to the South Shetland island arc. Back-arc extension was caused by slab rollback at the South Shetland Trench during the past 4 myr. The variability of lava compositions along the Bransfield Strait results from varying degrees of mantle depletion and input of a slab component. The mantle underneath the Bransfield Strait is heterogeneous on a scale of approximately tens of kilometres with portions in the mantle wedge not affected by slab fluids. Lavas from James Ross Island east of the Antarctic Peninsula differ in composition from those of the Bransfield Strait in that they are alkaline without evidence for a component from a subducted slab. Alkaline lavas from the volcanic centres east of the Antarctic Peninsula imply variably low degrees of partial melting in the presence of residual garnet, suggesting variable thinning of the lithosphere by extension. Magmas in the Bransfield Strait form by relatively high degrees of melting in the shallow mantle, whereas the magmas some 150 km further east form by low degrees of melting deeper in the mantle, reflecting the diversity of mantle geodynamic processes related to subduction along the South Shetland Trench.

Published
2021
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3. Abstracts from the 2017–2018 Mineral Deposits Studies Group meeting

Author

Santoro, L., Yav, St. Tshipeng, Pirard, E., Kaniki, A., Arfè, G., Mondillo, N., Boni, M., Joachimski, M., Balassone, G., Mormone, A., Cauceglia, A., Mondillo, N., Balassone, G., Boni, M., Robb, W., Smith, T. L., Currie, David, Stuart, Finlay, Faithfull, John, Boyce, Adrian, Mondillo, N., Chelle-Michou, C., Boni, M., Cretella, S., Scognamiglio, G., Tarallo, M., Arfè, G., Putzolu, F., Boni, M., Mondillo, N., Pirajno, F., Mondillo, N., Chelle-Michou, C., Boni, M., Cretella, S., Scognamiglio, G., Tarallo, M., Arfè, G., Aitbaeva, Saltanat, Mizernaya, Marina, Dyachkov, Boris, Martin, Andrew J, McDonald, Iain, MacLeod, Christopher J, McFall, Katie, Prichard, Hazel M, Jenkin, Gawen R T, Kennedy, B., McDonald, I., Tanner, D., Longridge, L., Borst, A. M., Finch, A. A., Friis, H., Horsburgh, N. J., Gamaletsos, P. N., Goettlicher, J., Steininger, R., Geraki, K., Cloutier, Jonathan, Piercey, Stephen J., Allen, Connor, Storey, Craig, Darling, James, Lasalle, Stephanie, Dobrzanski, A., Kirstein, L., Walcott, R., Butler, I., Ngwenya, B., Dobrzanski, Andrew, Howard, Simon, Troalen, Lore, Davidson, Peter, Walcott, Rachel, Drummond, Drew, Cloutier, Jonathan, Drummond, Drew, Boyce, Adrian, Blakeman, Robert, Ashton, John, Marquis, Eva, Goodenough, Kathryn, Estrade, Guillaume, Smith, Martin, Zygouri, E., Kilias, S. P., Zack, T., Pitcairn, I., Chi Fru, E., Nomikou, P., Argyraki, A., Ivarsson, M., Finch, Adrian A., Borst, Anouk M., Hutchison, William, Horsburgh, Nicola J., Andersen, Tom, Simonsen, Siri, Waizy, Hamidullah, Moles, Norman, Smith, Martin, Hollis, Steven P., Menuge, Julian F., Doran, Aileen L., Dennis, Paul, Davidheiser-Kroll, Brett, Marca, Alina, Wilkinson, Jamie, Boyce, Adrian, Güven, John, Hollis, Steven P., Menuge, Julian F., Doran, Aileen L., Piercey, Stephen J., Cooper, Mark R., Stephen Daly, J., Turner, Oakley, McConnell, Brian, Hughes, Hannah S. R., Hughes, Hannah S. R., Matusiak-Malek, Magdalena M., McDonald, Iain, Williamson, Ben, Williams, James, Dishaw, Guy, Rees, Harri, Key, Roger, Bate, Simon, Moore, Andy, McFall, Katie, McDonald, Iain, Tanner, Dominque, Keith, Manuel, Haase, Karsten M., Smith, Daniel J., Klemd, Reiner, Schwarz-Schampera, Ulrich, Bach, Wolfgang, Walding, Sam J, Jenkin, Gawen RT, James, Daniel, Clark, David, Hart-Madigan, Lisa, Armstrong, Robin, Wilkinson, Jamie, Jenkin, Gawen RT, Graham, Hugh, Smith, Daniel J, Abbott, Andrew P, Holwell, David A, Zygouri, Eva, Harris, Robert C, Stanley, Christopher J, Grant, Hannah L.J., Hannington, Mark D., Petersen, Sven, Frische, Matthias, Zhang, Fei, Williamson, Ben J., Hughes, Hannah, Smiles, Joshua, Keith, Manuel, Smith, Daniel J., Nathwani, Chetan, Sievwright, Robert, Wilkinson, Jamie, Loader, Matthew, Blanks, Daryl E., Holwell, David A., Smith, W.D., Darling, J.R., Bullen, D.S., Scrivener, R.C., Doran, Aileen L., Hollis, Steven P., Menuge, Julian F., Güven, John, Boyce, Adrian J., Turner, Oakley, Broom-Fendley, Sam, Brady, Aoife E, Hudson-Edwards, Karen, Turner, Oakley, Hollis, Steve, McClenaghan, Sean, Doran, Aileen, Güven, John, Fallon, Emily K., Brooker, Richard, and Scott, Thomas

Published
2018
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4. Abstracts from the 2017–2018 Mineral Deposits Studies Group meeting

Author

Santoro, L., Yav, St. Tshipeng, Pirard, E., Kaniki, A., Arfè, G., Mondillo, N., Boni, M., Joachimski, M., Balassone, G., Mormone, A., Cauceglia, A., Mondillo, N., Balassone, G., Boni, M., Robb, W., Smith, T. L., Currie, David, Stuart, Finlay, Faithfull, John, Boyce, Adrian, Mondillo, N., Chelle-Michou, C., Boni, M., Cretella, S., Scognamiglio, G., Tarallo, M., Arfè, G., Putzolu, F., Boni, M., Mondillo, N., Pirajno, F., Mondillo, N., Chelle-Michou, C., Boni, M., Cretella, S., Scognamiglio, G., Tarallo, M., Arfè, G., Aitbaeva, Saltanat, Mizernaya, Marina, Dyachkov, Boris, Martin, Andrew J, McDonald, Iain, MacLeod, Christopher J, McFall, Katie, Prichard, Hazel M, Jenkin, Gawen R T, Kennedy, B., McDonald, I., Tanner, D., Longridge, L., Borst, A. M., Finch, A. A., Friis, H., Horsburgh, N. J., Gamaletsos, P. N., Goettlicher, J., Steininger, R., Geraki, K., Cloutier, Jonathan, Piercey, Stephen J., Allen, Connor, Storey, Craig, Darling, James, Lasalle, Stephanie, Dobrzanski, A., Kirstein, L., Walcott, R., Butler, I., Ngwenya, B., Dobrzanski, Andrew, Howard, Simon, Troalen, Lore, Davidson, Peter, Walcott, Rachel, Drummond, Drew, Cloutier, Jonathan, Drummond, Drew, Boyce, Adrian, Blakeman, Robert, Ashton, John, Marquis, Eva, Goodenough, Kathryn, Estrade, Guillaume, Smith, Martin, Zygouri, E., Kilias, S. P., Zack, T., Pitcairn, I., Chi Fru, E., Nomikou, P., Argyraki, A., Ivarsson, M., Finch, Adrian A., Borst, Anouk M., Hutchison, William, Horsburgh, Nicola J., Andersen, Tom, Simonsen, Siri, Waizy, Hamidullah, Moles, Norman, Smith, Martin, Hollis, Steven P., Menuge, Julian F., Doran, Aileen L., Dennis, Paul, Davidheiser-Kroll, Brett, Marca, Alina, Wilkinson, Jamie, Boyce, Adrian, Güven, John, Hollis, Steven P., Menuge, Julian F., Doran, Aileen L., Piercey, Stephen J., Cooper, Mark R., Stephen Daly, J., Turner, Oakley, McConnell, Brian, Hughes, Hannah S. R., Hughes, Hannah S. R., Matusiak-Małek, Magdalena M., McDonald, Iain, Williamson, Ben, Williams, James, Dishaw, Guy, Rees, Harri, Key, Roger, Bate, Simon, Moore, Andy, McFall, Katie, McDonald, Iain, Tanner, Dominque, Keith, Manuel, Haase, Karsten M., Smith, Daniel J., Klemd, Reiner, Schwarz-Schampera, Ulrich, Bach, Wolfgang, Walding, Sam J, Jenkin, Gawen RT, James, Daniel, Clark, David, Hart-Madigan, Lisa, Armstrong, Robin, Wilkinson, Jamie, Jenkin, Gawen RT, Graham, Hugh, Smith, Daniel J, Abbott, Andrew P, Holwell, David A, Zygouri, Eva, Harris, Robert C, Stanley, Christopher J, Grant, Hannah L.J., Hannington, Mark D., Petersen, Sven, Frische, Matthias, Zhang, Fei, Williamson, Ben J., Hughes, Hannah, Smiles, Joshua, Keith, Manuel, Smith, Daniel J., Nathwani, Chetan, Sievwright, Robert, Wilkinson, Jamie, Loader, Matthew, Blanks, Daryl E., Holwell, David A., Smith, W.D., Darling, J.R., Bullen, D.S., Scrivener, R.C., Doran, Aileen L., Hollis, Steven P., Menuge, Julian F., Güven, John, Boyce, Adrian J., Turner, Oakley, Broom-Fendley, Sam, Brady, Aoife E, Hudson-Edwards, Karen, Turner, Oakley, Hollis, Steve, McClenaghan, Sean, Doran, Aileen, Güven, John, Fallon, Emily K., Brooker, Richard, and Scott, Thomas

Published
2018
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5. High mantle temperatures following rifting caused by continental insulation

Author

Brandl, Philipp A., Regelous, Marcel, Beier, Christoph, and Haase, Karsten M.

Abstract

The distribution of continents is thought to influence the temperature of the underlying mantle. Over geological timescales, insulation effects generate a build-up of heat that may cause increased magmatism, such as flood basalt volcanism, and ultimately rift the continents, causing them to break apart and new ocean basins to form. Here we use analyses of the major element geochemistry of lava samples collected from oceanic crust in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans to quantify the effect of continental insulation. The lavas formed at mid-ocean ridges following continental rifting and break up, and preserve a record of upper mantle temperatures over the past 170?Myr. We find that samples from the Pacific Ocean—formed more than 2,000?km from the nearest continental margin—do not record raised mantle temperatures. In contrast, samples from the Atlantic Ocean that formed close to the margin of the rifted continent reveal an upper mantle temperature immediately after continental rifting that was up to 150?°C higher than the present-day average; mantle temperatures remained high for 60–70?Myr. We conclude that the Atlantic thermal anomaly was created by continental insulation, and persisted in the mantle beneath the Atlantic Ocean long after the continental fragments had dispersed.

Published
2013
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6. The relationship between the age of the lithosphere and the composition of oceanic magmas: Constraints on partial melting, mantle sources and the thermal structure of the plates

Author

Haase, Karsten M.

Abstract

On the basis of different proportions and chemical compositions of shield and post-shield magmas, three types of oceanic intraplate volcanism appear to exist. The average SiO2 contents of primitive melts of most Pacific and Atlantic intraplate lavas show a regular decrease with increasing age of the lithosphere up to 70 Ma. The average pressures of melting of most magmas lie beneath the thermal boundary layer defined by the 1300°C isotherm, in accordance with geophysical models. The average melting pressures of shield tholeiites erupting at the largest hotspots on Earth suggest that erosion of the plate is restricted to strong plumes. Increasing average ratios of (Ce/Yb)N(=chondrite-normalized) and (Tb/Yb)N with increasing age of the lithosphere imply that residual garnet has an increasing influence on the melting of most magmas. An influence of MORB material in intraplate magmas is observed in volcanoes erupting on lithosphere younger than 15 Ma. Correlations between SiO2 and the rare earth element ratios suggest that the rare earth elements are more strongly influenced by the pressure of melting than by differences in source composition. Lavas with extremely low 143Nd/144Nd (e.g. Gough-Tristan da Cunha) have high (Nd/Sm)N for a given SiO2, in accordance with a long-term enriched mantle source. After a correction for the fractionation occurring at high melting pressures (a recalculation of all averages to 50% SiO2) the (Nd/Sm)N of most lavas can be modeled by 3–15% melting of depleted mantle sources.

Published
1996
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