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Edible electronics will enable systems that can be safely ingested and degraded in the human body after completing their function, such as sensing physiological parameters or biological markers in the gastrointestinal tract, without risk of retention or need of recollection. The same systems are potentially suitable for directly tagging food, monitoring its quality, and developing edible soft actuators control and sensing abilities. Designing appropriate edible power sources is critical to turn such a vision into real opportunities. We propose electrically conductive edible composites based on ethylcellulose and activated carbon as enabling materials for energy harvesting and storage. Free-standing, phase-separated bi-layered films, insulating at the top and with low electrical resistivity (∼10 Ω cm) at the bottom, were produced with a scalable single-step process. Food additives can tune the mechanical and triboelectrical properties of the proposed edible films. We demonstrated their successful operation as electropositive elements in organic triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) and as electrodes in fully edible supercapacitors (SC). The TENGs showed ∼60 V peak voltage (root mean square power density ∼2.5 μW cm−2 at 5 Hz), while the SC achieved an energy density of 3.36 mW h g−1, capacity of ∼ 9 mAh g−1, and stability for more than 1000 charge-discharge cycles. These results show that the combination of ethyl cellulose and activated carbon, and the control over their mixture, allow on-demand edible devices for energy generation and storage, serving future edible and green electronics scenarios. [Display omitted] • Green and sustainable process for Edible Electronics. • Edible energy generator and storage device. • Triboelectric Nanogenerators and Supercapacitors based on Cellulose and Activated Carbon. • Edible conductive composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the opportunities how to foster sustainability of public procurement is via purchasing goods and services taking into account balanced and integrated social, economic and environmental aspects while meeting the needs of public institutions. However, more exact methodological procedures are absent in the implementation of green public procurement. Such methodology could enable assessing the quality, quantification and significant connectivity to green and knowledge economy in current practice. Authors of the paper provide more exact methodology of green public procurement of goods and services based on its connectivity to the worldwide standardized indicators of sustainable socio-economic development as well as the results of their own research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The paper introduces the Energy-related Products(ErP)directive and its late evolution. Both the general and the particular eco-design requirements of a refrigerator are presented. The criteria of standby/off are listed as well. The assumptions made for the modeling of the product and source of the database are put forward. There are 11 factors of environmental impacts used in the evaluation software EIME. The environmental impact of manufacturing, distribution, use and the end of life is analyzed according to a certain refrigerator. The results show that three factors are significant, which are electricity consumed by the refrigerator in the use stage, the raw materials of metal and plastics in the manufacturing. The solution to these problems is provided. The introduction of eco-design to development phase of a product is urgent nowadays. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]