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We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of direct-acting antivirals in adolescents with hepatitis C (HCV)/HIV coinfection using pooled individual patient-level data from 5 European cohorts. Of 122 participants in follow-up from November 2013 to August 2021, 19 were treated <18 years of age; of 15 with HCV RNA available at/after 12 weeks post-treatment, all had sustained virologic response with acceptable safety. This evidence addresses an important gap in knowledge of treatment outcomes in adolescents with HCV/HIV coinfection in real-life settings.

The design of open-shell carbon-based nanomaterials is at the vanguard of materials science, steered by their beneficial magnetic properties like weaker spin–orbit coupling than that of transition metal atoms and larger spin delocalization, which are of potential relevance for future spintronics and quantum technologies. A key parameter in magnetic materials is the magnetic exchange coupling (MEC) between unpaired spins, which should be large enough to allow device operation at practical temperatures. In this work, we theoretically and experimentally explore three distinct families of nanographenes (NGs) (A, B, and C) featuring majority zigzag peripheries. Through many-body calculations, we identify a transition from a closed-shell ground state to an open-shell ground state upon an increase of the molecular size. Our predictions indicate that the largest MEC for open-shell NGs occurs in proximity to the transition between closed-shell and open-shell states. Such predictions are corroborated by the on-surface syntheses and structural, electronic, and magnetic characterizations of three NGs (A[3,5], B[4,5], and C[4,3]), which are the smallest open-shell systems in their respective chemical families and are thus located the closest to the transition boundary. Notably, two of the NGs (B[4,5]and C[4,3]) feature record values of MEC (close to 200 meV) measured on the Au(111) surface. Our strategy for maximizing the MEC provides perspectives for designing carbon nanomaterials with robust magnetic ground states.

The design of supramolecular organic radical cages and frameworks is one of the main challenges in supramolecular chemistry. Their interesting material properties and wide applications make them very promising for (photo)redox catalysis, sensors, or host–guest spin–spin interactions. However, the high reactivity of radical organic systems makes the design of such supramolecular radical assemblies challenging. Here, we report the on-surface synthesis of a purely organic supramolecular radical framework on Au(111), by combining supramolecular and on-surface chemistry. We employ a tripodal precursor, functionalized with 7-azaindole groups that, catalyzed by a single gold atom on the surface, forms a radical molecular product constituted by a π-extended fluoradene-based radical core. The radical products self-assemble through hydrogen bonding, leading to extended 2D domains ordered in a Kagome-honeycomb lattice. This approach demonstrates the potential of on-surface synthesis for developing 2D supramolecular radical organic chemistry.

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To develop a panel of indicators to monitor antimicrobial stewardship programs activity in the emergency department.

Realizar una validación concurrente de la versión corta del Woman Abuse Screening Tool(WAST), un instrumento utilizado en la detección de violencia de pareja hacia la mujer, estimando los índices de validez en población general.

Cuantificar el efecto que tiene la inclusión de la población institucionalizada en la estimación del riesgo de mortalidad en las secciones censales de Euskadi (España) para las principales causas de mortalidad en el periodo 1996-2003.

Topological band theory predicts that a topological electronic phase transition between two insulators must proceed via closure of the electronic gap. Here, we use this transition to circumvent the instability of metallic phases in π-conjugated one-dimensional (1D) polymers. By means of density functional theory, tight-binding and GW calculations, we predict polymers near the topological transition from a trivial to a non-trivial quantum phase. We then use on-surface synthesis with custom-designed precursors to make polymers consisting of 1D linearly bridged acene moieties, which feature narrow bandgaps and in-gap zero-energy edge states when in the topologically non-trivial phase close to the topological transition point. We also reveal the fundamental connection between topological classes and resonant forms of 1D π-conjugated polymers.

Objetivo:Desarrollar un panel de indicadores para monitorizar la actividad de los programas de optimización del uso de antimicrobianos en los servicios de urgencias.

To explore the influence of anxiety/depression symptoms and social risk in patients older than 65 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) both in non-adherence to pharmacological treatment (Non-AdhT) and in poor control of T2DM.

The synthesis of novel polymeric materials with porphyrinoid compounds as key components of the repeating units attracts widespread interest from several scientific fields in view of their extraordinary variety of functional properties with potential applications in a wide range of highly significant technologies. The vast majority of such polymers present a closed-shell ground state, and, only recently, as the result of improved synthetic strategies, the engineering of open-shell porphyrinoid polymers with spin delocalization along the conjugation length has been achieved. Here, we present a combined strategy toward the fabrication of one-dimensional porphyrinoid-based polymers homocoupled via surface-catalyzed [3 + 3] cycloaromatization of isopropyl substituents on Au(111). Scanning tunneling microscopy and noncontact atomic force microscopy describe the thermal-activated intra- and intermolecular oxidative ring closure reactions as well as the controlled tip-induced hydrogen dissociation from the porphyrinoid units. In addition, scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements, complemented by computational investigations, reveal the open-shell character, that is, the antiferromagnetic singlet ground state (S= 0) of the formed polymers, characterized by singlet–triplet inelastic excitations observed between spins of adjacent porphyrinoid units. Our approach sheds light on the crucial relevance of the π-conjugation in the correlations between spins, while expanding the on-surface synthesis toolbox and opening avenues toward the synthesis of innovative functional nanomaterials with prospects in carbon-based spintronics.

Avian reovirus protein ςC, the viral cell-attachment protein, is a minor component of the outer-capsid shell of the viral particle that is synthesized in small amounts in infected cells. We cloned the ςC-encoding ORF in vector pIL-2f, expressed it in Escherichia coli,and partially purified the resulting recombinant protein from inclusion bodies. Rabbit polyclonal antibodies raised against the recombinant protein specifically recognized the viral polypeptide in ELISA, immunoprecipitation, and Western blotting. To study the oligomerization capacity and cell-binding affinity of protein ςC, the ςC-encoding ORF was also expressed in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) and in reticulocyte lysates. In all three systems protein ςC is expressed as a multimer with identical electrophoretic mobility to the naturally occurring protein. Cell-binding experiments show that both in vitroand in vivoexpressed protein ςC display affinity for CEF receptors, and this property is exclusively associated with the oligomeric form of the protein. The fact that incubation of CEF cells with the recombinant protein expressed in bacterial cells completely blocks the binding of purified reovirions indicates both that binding of this protein to cells is specific and saturable, and that reovirions and protein ςC bind to the same class of cell receptor. Saturation binding experiments, performed with the recombinant protein expressed in E. coliand with purified reovirions, showed that the number of cellular receptor sites (CRSs) for avian reovirus S1133 is 1.8 × 104per CEF cell, whereas the number of cellular receptor units (CRUs) for ςC is 2.2 × 105per CEF cell. These results are consistent with previous reports on the binding of mammalian reoviruses.