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1. 30-day Morbidity and Mortality After Cholecystectomy for Benign Gallbladder Disease (AMBROSE)

Author: Wong, Geoffrey Yuet Mun, Wadhawan, Himanshu, Roth Cardoso, Victor, Bravo Merodio, Laura, Rajeev, Yashasvi, Maldonado, Ricardo David, Martinino, Alessandro, Balasubaramaniam, Vignesh, Ashraf, Aabid, Siddiqui, Adeela, Al-Shkirat, Ahmad Ghassan, Mohammed Abu-Elfatth, Ahmed, Gupta, Ajay, Alkaseek, Akram, Ouyahia, Amel, Said, Amira, Pandey, Anshuman, Kumar, Ashwani, Maqbool, Baila, Millán, Carlos Alberto, Singh, Cheena, Pantoja Pachajoa, Diana Alejandra, Adamovich, Dmitry Mikhailovich, Petracchi, Enrique, Ashraf, Fariha, Clementi, Marco, Mulita, Francesk, Marom, Gad Amram, Abdulaal, Gamaleldeen, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Calini, Giacomo, Moretto, Gianluigi, Elfeki, Hossam, Liang, Hui, Jalaawiy, Humam, Elzayat, Ibrahim, Das, Jayanta Kumar, Aceves-Ayala, Jose Miguel, Ahmed, Kazi T., Degrate, Luca, Aggarwal, Manisha, Omar, Mohammed Ahmed, Rais, Mounira, Elhadi, Muhammed, Sakran, Nasser, Bhojwani, Rajesh, Agarwalla, Ramesh, Kanaan, Samir, Erdene, Sarnai, Chooklin, Serge, Khuroo, Suhail, Dawani, Surrendar, Asghar, Syed Tanseer, Fung, Tak Kwan James, Omarov, Taryel, Grigorean, Valentin Titus, Boras, Zdenko, Gkoutos, Georgios V., Singhal, Rishi, Mahawar, Kamal, Group:, TUGSS Multinational Audit Steering, Madhok, Brij, Graham, Yitka, Donohoe, Claire, Reira, Manel, Wadhawan, Himanshu, Vish, YKS, Jain, Rajesh, Elhadi, Muhammed, Popat, Sunil, Boddy, Alex, Jain, Vikas, Singhal, Rishi, Mahawar, Kamal, Coordinators:, TUGSS Multinational Audit Study, Martinino, Alessandro, Said, Amira, Marques, Cláudia Neves, Wazir, Ishaan, Pereira, Juan Pablo Scarano, Abouelazayem, Mohamed, Viswanath, Nakul, Sarodaya, Varun, Bala, Vignesh, Coordinators:, TUGSS Multinational Audit National, Homayoon, Roshan, Dogjani, Agron, Tidjane, Anisse, Antozzi, Luciano, Hong, Joshua, Omarov, Taryel, Dash, Anuj Kanti, Chokshi, Aishwarya, Wietzycoski, Cacio Ricardo, Petkov, Plamen, Mbonicura, Jean Claude, Yang, Wah, Zuluaga, Mauricio, Kraljik, Darko, Lincango Naranjo, Eddy P., Elghadban, Hosam Mohamed, Diaz, Angel, Gerogiannis, Ioannis, Mohammed, Adnan, Lazaros, Lazarou, Mulita, Francesk, Bhasker, Aparna Govil, Kermansaravi, Mohammad, Mahdi, Ahmed Salah, Kayyal, Mohd Yasser, Sakran, Nasser, Frattini, Francesco, Alabdallah, Nadeem Bilal, Sylvester, Kimutai Ronoh, Abdelhamid, Ibrahim, EL Fawal, Mohamad Hayssam, Allawgalli, Aiman Nuri, Dulskas, Audrius, Voon, Kelvin, Caruana, Clifford, Ballesteros, Guillermo Ponce De Leon, Erdene, Sarnai, Ouadii, Mouaqit, Nashidengo, Pueya Abdulrashid, Hazebroek, Eric, Gunawardene, Ashok, Adeyeye, Ademola, Shariff, Amir H., Liakopulos, Nicolas Juan, Toro-Huamanchumo, Carlos J., Waledziak, Maciej, Borges, Nuno, Shabbir, Azhar, Negoi, Ionut, Neimark, Aleksandr, Abouleid, Ayman, Kim, Guowei, Košir, Jurij Aleš, Ruiz Úcar, Elena, Hamid, Hytham K. S., Masri, Ruqaya, Ozmen, Mahir, Taha, Safwan, Goodman, Elliot, AL-Naggar, Hamza, Authors:, AMBROSE Audit Collaborative, Ghouali, Amin Khayreddine, Wafa, Benbrahmin, Allel, Sahli, Elkacem, Bouzenita Mohamed, Ibagherache, Razika, Ouyahia, Amel, Rais, Mounira, Seddik, El Hachemi, Kouicem, Aya Tinhinane, Abdoun, Meriem, Bouaoud, Souad, Boucenak, Kamel, Khalfa, Safia, Brahim, Bouflih, Tidjane, Anisse, Tabeti, Benali, Meharzi, Sif-El-Islem, Larbi, Hakim, Derdous, Reda, Abderaouf, Bettahar, Bouregba, Nadjette, Boukaaabeche, Fouad, Djeroua, Kamel, Sabrin, Naît Ali, Khennaf, Leila, Mesli, Smain Nabil, Ghouali, Amin Khayreddine, Aissat, Abdelnour, Pantoja Pachajoa, Diana Alejandra, Alvarez, Fernando Andrés, Milagros, Nicole Benitez, Medrano Ortiz Palombarini, Valentina Cecilia, Petracchi, Enrique, Quesada, Matias, Canullan, Carlos, Varela, Jose, Posada, Hector, Du Plessis, Cristina, Valenzuela, José Ignacio, Zurita, Melissa Andrea Fernandez, Nasim, Sana, Bowles, Thomas Alexander, Yeboah, Edward, Nair, Roshan, Felsenreich, Daniel Moritz, Omarov, Taryel, Allahverdiyeva, Nigar, Abizade, Rashad, Adamovich, Dmitry Mikhailovich, Barreiro, Thiago Alvim, Cunha, Hercio Azevedo de Vasconcelos, Castilho, Michel Victor, Ferreira, Rafael Meneguzzi Alves, Legati Junior, Ronaldo, Dias, Lorenzo, Wietzycoski, Cacio, Jacobi, Everton Walter, Julianov, Alexander, Saroglu, Azize, Yuruk, Shaban, Dimov, Rosen, Ivanov, Valentin, Dardanov, Dragomir, Yang, Wah, Wei, Zhuoqi, Liang, Hui, Millán, Carlos A., Urbina, Mónica, Cubieros, Jorge, Acosta, Shary, Jiménez, Julián, Boras, Zdenko, Vlahović, Ivan, Koronakis, Nikolaos, González, Ricardo Andrés Buenaño, Ojeda, Cintya Anabel Llerena, Aspiazu-Briones, Cristhian Gonzalo, Martinez-Espinoza, Dario Javier, Rivas-Torres, Eduardo Antonio, Lincango Naranjo, Eddy P., Aldabash, Lama, Shaat, Iman, Alsayed, Mohamed Moneer Abulfotooh, Bali, Eslam, Ayoub, Mohamed Abdel Maksoud, Mohamed, Mohamed, AL Sayed, Mohamed, Elshinnawy, Azza Mohamed Gaber, Tayiawi, Mosaab, Abu-Elfatth, Ahmed Mohammed, Mohamed, Ahmed Emadelden, Elzayat, Ibrahim, Hassan, Ahmed Abdelmotaleb Mohamed, Madany, Mohie El-Din Mostafa, EL-Kassas, Mohamed, Omar, Wael, Tawheed, Ahmed, Elfeki, Hossam, Shalaby, Mostafa, Sakr, Ahmad, Elghrieb, Ahmed Ezzat, Warda, Hisham Hazem, Sadek, Mirna, Mostafa, Mohamed, Elghadban, Hosam, Awad, Selmy, Madany, Mohie El-Din Mostafa, Maghraby, Ahmed Mostafa, Saleem, Abd-El-Aal Ali, Mahmoud, Ahmed Gaber, Madany, Mohie El-Din Mostafa, Maghraby, Ahmed Mostafa, Saleem, Abd-El-Aal Ali, Mahmoud, Ahmed Gaber, Gebril, Mahmoud, Omar, Mohammed Ahmed, Safy, Ahmed Mohamed, Saada, Ahmed, Mohamed Ads, Alaa, Diaz, Angel, Gutiérrez, Emmanuel, Salinas, Hanton, Zimmermann, Perrine, Rhaiem, Rami, Kianmanesh, Reza, Efthymiou, Evripidis, Konstantinidis, Sergios, Drogouti, Maria, Katsourakis, Anastasios, Papadoliopoulou, Maria, Michalopoulos, Nikolaos V., Sidiropoulos, Theodoros A., Kokoropoulos, Panagiotis, Ioannidis, Argyrios, Konstantinidis, Michael, Charalampakis, Vasileios, Sotiropoulou, Maria, Pantelis, Athanasios G., Kapiris, Stylianos, Tsiampas, Ioannis, Tseliou, Vasiliki, Paspala, Anna, Nastos, Constantinos, Ioannidis, Orestis, Symeonidis, Savvas, Anestiadou, Elissavet, Zapsalis, Konstantinos, Machairas, Nikolaos, Keramida, Myrto D., Dorovinis, Panagiotis, Kyakalos, Stylianos, Stavratis, Fotios, Papadopoulos, Aristeidis, Manioti, Eleni, Mouzakis, Odysseas, Nikolaou, Vassiliki, Barkolias, Evangelos, Mulita, Francesk, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Vasileios, Mousafeiris, Triantafyllou, Alexandra, Triantafyllou, Tania, Matthaiou, Georgia, Frountzas, Maximos, Toutouzas, Konstantinos G., Tampaki, Ekaterini Christina, Bellou, Olga, Papazacharias, Christos, Moris, Dimitrios, Felekouras, Evangelos, Stamou, Konstantinos, Tsiotos, Gregory, Fanidou, Domna, Drakos, Panagiotis Alexandros, Schizas, Dimitrios, Syllaios, Athanasios, Vailas, Michail, Georgiadou, Despoina, Zampitis, Nikolaos, Marinis, Athanasios, Stefou, Fotini, Melachroinopoulos, Nikolaos, Papaconstantinou, Dimitrios, Dellaportas, Dionysios, Lykoudis, Panagis, Lasithiotakis, Konstantinos, Magouliotis, Dimitrios, Zacharoulis, Dimitris, Laliotis, Aggelos, Gkionis, Ioannis, Baksi, Aditya, Lodha, Mahendra, Kaur, Supreet, Guha, Shanto Shila, Gupta, Amit, Rajput, Deepak, Sharma, Oshin, Huda, Farhanul, Hassan, Mohsin, Singh, Sudhir Kumar, Basu, Somprakas, Kumar, Navin, Mallik, Dhiraj, David, Lena Elizabath, Agrawal, Aditi, Pillai, Vinod G., Muralee, Meera, Haque, Parvez David, Veetil, Sreejith Kannumal, Mahajan, Amit, Jain, Deepak, Annareddy, Dinakar Reddy, Bahadur, Akshay, Bisht, Shankar Dutt, Kashmira, Mayank, Shukla, Ashish, Pandey, Anshuman, Sarda, Hitesh, Agarwalla, Ramesh, Kumar, Ashwani, Aggarwal, Manisha, Sharma, Akanksha, Paras, Alagarsamy, Raghuraman, Chokkalingam, Gangalakshmi, Bhalla, Bhavneet Singh, Ahamad, Mohammad Nafees, Ahmad, Nabeel, Oommen, Ashok Ninan, Subbarayan, Shankar, Mohan, Karthikeyan, Ashraf, Aabid, Singh, Cheena, Jaswal, Kamaljeet S., Minhas, S. S., Bains, Lovenish, Lal, Pawanindra, Das, Jayanta K., Rangad, Gordon M., Lepcha, Alfred, Kynjing, Hampher, Islam, Md Samsul, Shangpliang, Virginia, Thota, Anuroop, Pinnamraju, Karthikeya, Surapaneni, Sushama, Gurram, Ram Prakash, Reddy, Mandapati Mallikarjuna, Inteti, Kamalesh, Srikanth, V., Reddy, V. Jayapala, Parikh, Chirag, Shah, Shakshi, Chaudhary, Priya, Bhojwani, Rajesh, Gupt, Pranoy, Srimal, Ankur, Sharma, Abadhesh, Tayal, Nikhil, Ramu, Gopi, Paul, Ratnadeep, Khuroo, Suhail, Wani, Ajaz, Gusani, Rajat, Gupta, Rahul, Khanduri, Archana, Singh, Arvind, Singh, Sudhir, Pokharia, Pradip, Sharma, Ankur, Venkatappa, Sunil Kumar, Soni, Vishal, Suprapto, Bambang, Tobroni, Ahmad, Kermansaravi, Mohammad, Mousavimaleki, Ali, Eghbali, Foolad, Eghbali, Foodlad, Mashkouri, Nazanin, Jasim, Ali, Kadhim, Nammer, Jalaawiy, Humam, Sakran, Nasser, Haj, Bassel, Asadi, Ahmad, Marom, Gad Amram, Szydlo, Gabriel Shein, Demma, Jonathan Abraham, Pikarasy, Alon J., Targa, Simone, Buzzi, Gianluca, Sanna, Andrea, Currò, Giuseppe, Ammendola, Michele, Palomba, Giuseppe, Aprea, Giovanni, Capuano, Marianna, Basile, Raffaele, Argenio, Giulio, Annecchiarico, Mario, Ferraro, Daniele, Cacciatore, Chiara, Vennarecci, Giovanni, Granieri, Stefano, Bonomi, Alessandro, Frontali, Alice, Cotsoglou, Christian, Centonze, Danilo, Licciardello, Alessio, Martines, Gennaro, Tomasicchio, Giovanni, Veroux, Massimiliano, Gioco, Rossella, Distefano, Costanza, calabrò, Marcello, Caputo, Damiano, LA Vaccara, Vincenzo, Cammarata, Roberto, Farolfi, Tommaso, Degrate, Luca, adjei antwi, Stella Konadu, Brisinda, Giuseppe, Fico, Valeria, Mirco, Paolo, Biondi, Alberto, Persiani, Roberto, Giovinazzo, Francesco, Frongillo, Francesco, Evola, Giuseppe, Ferrara, Francesco, Altomare, Michele, Benuzzi, Laura, Pezzoli, Isabella, Borghi, Alessandra, Cimbanassi, Stefania, Dapri, Giovanni, Nessi, Chiara, Bianco, Federica, Uccelli, Fara Margherita Letizia, Viganò, Luca, Cordaro, Giuseppe, Dionigi, Gianlorenzo, Pino, Antonella, Morezzi, Daniele, Rizzo, Roberta, Convertini, Girolamo, Vallicelli, Carlo, Catena, Fausto, Verdi, Daunia, Mondi, Isabella, Da Lio, Corrado, Loss, Greta, D'acapito, Fabrizio, Di Pietrantonio, Daniela, Tauceri, Francesca, Ercolani, Giorgio, Bottino, Vincenzo, Bosco, Alfonso, Canfora, Alfonso, Chiappetta, Sonja, Frattini, Francesco, Rizzi, Andrea, Breda, Marta, Quaglino, Francesco, Festa, Federico, Savasta, Francesca Maria Chiara, Fiore, Alessia, Soncini, Stefania, Giordano, Alessio, Carganico, Giacomo, Cocchi, Lorenzo, Epis, Lorenzo, Moretto, Gianluigi, Casaril, Andrea, Inama, Marco, Harmony, Impellizzeri, Michail, Creciun, Alessandro, Vitali, Piazza, Martina, Basile, Guido, Pinotti, Enrico, Lapolla, Pierfrancesco, Mingoli, Andrea, Brachini, Gioia, Cirillo, Bruno, Campanelli, Michela, Gentileschi, Paolo, Rossi, Stefano, Picardi, Biagio, Savia, Eleonora, Olmi, Stefano, Uccelli, Matteo, Balla, Andrea, Lepiane, Pasquale, Saraceno, Federica, Coppola, Alessandro, Clementi, Marco, Paniccia, Federico, Grasso, Antonella, Tartaglia, Nicola, Pavone, Giovanna, Ambrosi, Antonio, Angelico, Roberta, Manzia, Tommaso Maria, Materazzo, Marco, Tisone, Giuseppe, Calini, Giacomo, Bresadola, Vittorio, Morinelli, Vittoria, Matucci-Cerinic, Pietro, Michelutti, Luca, Luzzi, Andrea-Pierre, Romairone, Emanuele, Carrabetta, Salvatore, Marzorati, Sara, Khamees, Almu'atasim, Mohammad, Alyaman Meizer, Alananzeh, Samah, AL Momani, Salam, Hijazin, Nadeen, Tarawneh, Shahd Abdulhadi, Alheji, Hazim, Alhajji, Amer, AL-Shkirat, Ahmad Ghassan, Alzoubi, Mohammad N., AL Manasra, Abdel Rahman Abdullah, Elayyan, Rasheed, Jamous, Hussam, Dardour, Mohammad, Mahafdah, Mahmoud Rawhi, AL Hammoud, Amr Ahmad, AL Quran, Mahmoud, Bosire, Friday, Zakaria, Ramy Magdy, Abdullah, Hawraa Reda, Tarboush, Abdullah, Hasan, Wisam Abraheem, Kredan, Ali Abdulnasir, Zreeg, Dafer, Muftah, Aiman, Koshlaf, Abdulmajeed, Albadi, Doaa, Abunaaja, Hayat Omar, Otman, Rema, Ben Hamida, Bahaeddin, Amnaina, Mohamed Gamal, Alhaddad, Hayfa Faraj, Shuaip, Nouran Musbah, Buderbala, Yasmeen, Hamad, Ahmad Faraj, Shames, Haitam, Bakeer, Hiba Bileid, Alkaseek, Akram, Shalabi, Laila Esnoussi, Alhadi, Aliya Salih, Ahjaaz, Mabroukah A. A., Zgheel, Usama, Abdulmoula, Zenab, Younis, Hoda, Aboubeirah, Mohammed Khayri, Binnawara, Muhannud Hassan, Arebi, Jaber Abdusslam, Alboueishi, Asraa Ali, Mohammed Ammar, Sara, Abdedalmajed Rhuma, Heba, Alsori Alharari, Mohamed, Endisha, Salahaldin Emhemmed, Ng, Chin E'ng, Lee, Yu Wei, Tay, Yen Zhir, Abdul Manan, Nurhidayah, Tajul Arifin, Mohd Syazwan, Khairul Anuar, Ariff Solihin, Kumar, Neeraj, Maiyauen, Thanesh Kumar, Zakari, Andee Dzulkarnaen, Fathi, Mohd Azem, Izhar, Mas Izzati, Awang Dahlan, Dayang Azzyati, Mokhtar, Suryati, Samsudin, Syakirah, Jaktaram Singh, Balraj Singh, Arumugam, Mohanasundram Pillai, Theevashini, Krishnasamy, Manap, Shaiful Amir, Yong, Chon Woon, Mohamed Nabil, Mohamed Nazri, Lim, Jolene Sze Huey, Voon, Kelvin, Cheng, Shi Yu, Amanullah, Muhammad Mubarak, Ahmed, Nurzarina, Lim, I. Vern, Mazlan, Mohd Rashid, Sivananthan, Asokumar, Yussra, Yusoff, Puvisny, Shanmugam Nathan, Chua, Ian Bin, Sharman, Matthew, Siow, Sze Li, Axiak, Jessica, Dowling, Jessica, Portelli, Mark, Caruana, Clifford, Beristain-Hernandez, Jose-Luis, Vazquez-Romero, Odette-Desiree, Jaime-Silva, Jessica, Cadena-Guzman, Joaquin-Homar, Aceves-Ayala, Jose Miguel, Treviño -Meza, Jasmin Marielena, Erik, Efrain-Sosa-Duran, Guzman-Águilar, Rafael, María, Zuñiga, Jose Edusrdo, Pinto Angulo, Victor Manuel, Trejo-Avila, Mario, Bozada-Gutierrez, Katya, Carrion, Christian, Gómez-Herrera, María Norma, García-Gómez, Aurora, Pimentel Melendez, Samuel Arnulfo, Bautista Martinez, Abelardo Olaf, Nuñez DE LA Rosa, Sofia, Inchaustegui Tinajero, Jose, Sordo Lima, Diego Ervey, Pérez-Soto, Rafael Humberto, Hernández-Acevedo, Juan David, Domínguez-Rosado, Ismael, Mercado-Díaz, Miguel Ángel, Sierra-Salazar, Mauricio, Pimienta, Ana, Erdene, Sarnai, Sandag, Erdene, Orgoi, Sergelen, Ochir, Chimedsuren, Batmunkh, Munkhbat, Ouazzani, Et-tayab, EL Fdili, Mostafa, Hassani Ibn Majdoub, Karim, Mazaz, Khalid, Errachidy, Meriem, Mekondjo Nashidengo, Pueya, William Quayson, Francis, Tabiri Abebrese, John, Sushmita Seibes, Sharifa, Tjipetekera, Rejoice, Lim, Yukai, Haimona, Mairarangi, Mcclean, Sophie F., Rodriguez, Shaymar Eddylena Gutierrez Rodriguez, Lopez, Acris Arnoldo Arauz Lopez, Adetoyese Adeyeye, Ademola, Nwabuoku, Emeka Stanley, Mohammed Bello, Usman, Musa Umar, Bashir, Makama, Jerry Godfrey, Aminu, Bashir, Oriakhi, Steve-nation Nehiweze, Mosanya, Arinzechukwu Obi, Omon, Henry Ehidiamen, Wuraola, Funmilola Olanike, Ishola, Adegoke, Ulasi, Ikechukwu, Irowa, Omorodion O., Agbonrofo, Peter I., Irmiya, Solomon, Ammar, Ahmed Siddique, Khattak, Shehrbano, Qureshi, Sajid, Bashir, Nida Wahid, Jalal, Hira, Kamran, Ali, Sultan, Rizwan, Fatima, Mishal, Ali, Muhammad, Farooq, Omama, Khan, Muhammad Taha Junaid, Soomro, Umar, Saleem, Amna, Khawaja, Uzzam Ahmed, Martins, Russell Seth, Dawani, Surrendar, Siddiqui, Adeela, Khan, Madiha Masood, Jafferi, Salman, Faizi, Tashaba Qaiser, Talib, Vikash, Ali, Danish, Javed, Mahad Hassan, Rasheed, M. Ahsan, Mughal, Javeed, Ijaz, Nadeem, Rehman, Imtiaz ur, Aurangzeb, Mahmud, Ahmed, Nisar, Jan, Zaka Ullah, Khan, Shahzeb, Aziz, Sarmad Saeed, Shamim Afridi, Shehzadi Ghazala, Maroof, Syed Asad, Khan, Muhammad Imaran, Zarin, Muhammad, Naz, Farah, Jan, Zakaullah, Asghar, Syed Tanseer, Ali, Sana, Azam, Saim, Jalil, Hira, Naqvi, Hasham, Ashraf, Fariha, Siddiqui, Tayyab, Murataza, Ghulam, Bari, Hassaan, Ahmed, Hassan, Jayyab, Mustafa Abu, AL-Dahdouh, Mosheer, Echeverria, R. Rainer, Mendoza, Mario Ynoue, Kisielewski, Michal, Stefura, Tomasz, Richter, Karolina, Klos, Nikola, Walędziak, Maciej, Bartosiak, Katarzyna, Komorowska, Katarzyna, Silvestre, Miguel Trigo, Santos, Cláudia, Gil, Isabela, Cardoso, Vasco Silva, Melo, Miguel Rocha, Lima, Rita, Bolota, Joana, Cotovio, Manuel, Grigorean, Valentin Titus, Stoian, Alexandru Rares, Diana Andreea, Draghici, Toma, Elena A., Lunca, Sorinel, Zarnescu, Narcis, Costea, Radu Virgil, Litvin, Andrey, Aljohani, Emad, Zaid, AbdelNasser, Shaar, Khalid, Awaf, Khalid, Zakarneh, Eman, Alowayrdi, Tumadher, Alyami, Fatimah, Alamer, Adam, Taha, Mohamed Y., Chowdhury, Sharfuddin, Alshahrani, Salem, Panyko, Arpád, Košir, Jurij Aleš, Grosek, Jan, Tomažič, Aleš, Pintar, Tadeja, Ruiz Úcar, Elena, Castro, Ernest, Sambrano, David, Garcia-Dominguez, Rafael, Tusa, Claudio, Landaluce-Olavarria, Aitor, Estraviz-Mateos, Begoña, González, Jaime, Roca, Begoña, Jayarajah, Umesh, Subasinghe, Duminda, Sivaganesh, Sivasuriya, Hamid, Hytham K. S., Galal-Eldin, Sami, Eldirdiri, Sami, Elnour, Moheyaldien, Asaad, Nada, Mohammed, Musab, Hassan, Luden Saifaldawla, Mohamed, Khalid Osman, Abdelrahman, Salma Ahmed, Alsadeg, Hajer, Ali, Ahmed Altigani Elhadi, Elsiddig Musa, Reem Abdalla, Sarih, Monira, Ismail, Samir, Ahmed, Omer Albasher Almaki, Taj Eldeen, Samaher Taj Eldeen Hassan, Elsiddig, Kamal Elzaki, Elhasan, Mohamed Elghazali Ahmed Basheer, Karamelghani, Mohammed A. F., Mohammed, Ozaz, Adam, Albushra Altayeb, Barakat, Habab Osman, Elhadi, Rawan Elnoman, Alnaji, Abdallh Abdalmajid, Mohamed, Esraa Hamza Abdel Ghani, AL Houri, Hasan, Alhouri, Ahmad, Soliman, Alnour Khmeis, AL Ahmad, Mohamad, Kayali, Ahmad Amir, Nasani, Mohannad, Nerabani, Yaman, Ashkar, Eman, Sawas, Mohamad Nabhan, Aldirani, Alaa N., Zahreddin, Amnah, Alasmar, Ammar M., Hasan, Lilav, Alhosen, Mohammed Alahmed, Klib, Mohamad, Rahman Hammadieh, Abdul, Chikh Salem, Mhd Tarek, Ghandour, Munir, Sara, Samer, Kara Tahhan, Nour, Albani, Nour, Alsaid, Bayan, Ahmad, Basel, Almaydaani, Mohamad, Abbas, Morhaf, Nanaa, Mohamad, Aloulou, Mohammad, Kudra Danial, Aghyad, Khaled, Ahmad, Latouf, Rama, Saeed, Diyala, Ghazal, Ahmad, Masri, Ruqaya, Hamdan, Ola, Ayoub, Kusay, Kadoura, Lama, Atli, Abd Alazeez, Zayat, Hussein, Niazi, Ammar, Dabbit, Abdallah, Dahrouj, Wissam, Alhaj, Ahmad, Dabbagh, Ezeddin, Aldaher, Mohammad, Bsata, Adel, Shahrour, Mohamad Zaher, Khusruf, M. Akram, Wali, Tayssier, Aldroubi, Mohammad Tayeb, Almoshantaf, Mohammad Badr, Alahmad, Mohammad Abdullah, Leen, Jamil, AL-Nokta, Aya, Bakri, Ashraf, Arnaout, Ahmad Yamen, Ibrahim, Hamza, Nastah, Samer, Kanaan, Samir, Rasheed, Omeed, Mohammad, Alttaher, Bokal, Zied, Gafsi, Besma, Baccar, Marwen, AMMAR, Houssem, Ermis, Ilker, Tokocin, Merve, Kabuli, Hamit Ahmet, Tokocin, Onur, Ergenç, Muhammer, Gülşen, Taygun, Erginöz, Ergin, Uludağ, Server Sezgin, Bozkir, Haktan Övül, Zengin, Kağan, Özçelik, Mehmet Faik, Zarbaliyev, Elbrus, Çağlikülekçi, Mehmet, Böler, Deniz, Aktokmakyan, Talar Vartanoglu, Peksen, Caghan, Savas, Osman Anil, Sumer, Aziz, Guldogan, Cem Emir, Ozmen, Mahir, Kaplan, Mehmet, Colak, Elif, Şanli, Ahmet Necati, Kilani, Ayoub Ibrahim, Kamer, Erdinc, Namdaroglu, Ozan, Ahmed, Fuad, Marzouk, Ahmed, Harbinson, Daniel, Abdulrahman, Hassal, Ali, Heba, Abousamra, Mohamed, Di Maggio, Francesco, Abushawaly, Amr, Badawi, Marwa, Rahman, Atiqur, Jenner, Deborah, Said, Amira, Ahmed, Kazi, Watali, Yawar, Soggiu, Fiammetta, Sheth, Hemant, Drymousis, Panagiotis, Caterson, Jessica, Mehmood, Saqib, Wadhawan, Himanshu, Strachan, David, Mcelroy, Luke, Chauhan, Munish, Morgan, Richard, Mamun, Muhammad, Tora, Mir, Shamali, Awad, ML Williamson, James, Slim, Naim, Mark, Safiya, Huppler, Lucy, Crane, Sophie, Mcgrath, Polly, Fung, James Tak Kwan, Kok, Siu Yan, Bond-Smith, Giles, Dawani, Aruna, Shamardal, Aliaa, Ahmed, Mohammed M. Madi, Obasi, Chekwas, Gala, Tanzeela, Elshaer, Ahmed Mohammed, Warner, Sian, Nathadwarawala, Pooja, Askari, Alan, Pandanaboyana, Sanjay, Thakkar, Rohan, Barbour, Fraser, Finch, Jonathan Guy, Habib, Helai, Ansong, Eric, Attard, Joseph, Aujayeb, Avinash, Gupta, Ajay, Fale, Madeleine, Gupta, Anuj, Gajdhar, Aniq, Fareed, Khaleel, Elfeky, Mohamed Abdelfattah, Ashry, Mohamed, Kaur, Mandeep, Faycal Mirghani, Shaza, Tanveer, Yousaf, Albendary, Mohamed, Bhattacharya, Pratik, Abdulaal, Gamaleldeen, Ghufran, Muhammad Ali, Ghanem, Ahmed, Leong, Darren, Mamidanna, Ravikrishna, Aamery, Amaar, Tewari, Nilanjana, Williams, Greg, Tariq, Hamza, Klair, Anjeevan Kaur, Jones, Katie, Selvachandran, Haran, Day, Arthur, Ajmani, Adesh, Parmar, Chetan, Bosch, Karen, Young, Richard, Chan, Alvina, Silva, Yashodha, Kureci, Abdulrahman, Paranyak, Mykola, Shepetko-Dombrovskii, Oleksii, Chooklin, Serge, Chuklin, Serhii, Dutka, Yaromyr, Maqbool, Baila, Gill, Ali Abdullah, Jan, Azalea, Murali, Tharani, Alhajami, Faris, Atiah, Nora, Nadeesh, Areej, and Almaqdi, Sarah
Published: 2025
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2. Signs of Hemolysis Predict Mortality and Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients Undergoing Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Author: Rezoagli, Emanuele, Bombino, Michela, Ware, Lorraine B., Carlesso, Eleonora, Rona, Roberto, Grasselli, Giacomo, Pesenti, Antonio, Bellani, Giacomo, and Foti, Giuseppe
Abstract: Cell-free hemoglobin (CFH) is used to detect hemolysis and was recently suggested to trigger acute lung injury. However, its role has not been elucidated in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We investigated the association of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and haptoglobin—two indirect markers of hemolysis—with mortality in critically ill patients undergoing veno-venous ECMO (VV-ECMO) with adjusted and longitudinal models (primary aim). Secondary aims included assessment of association between COHb and haptoglobin with the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and with hemodynamics. We retrospectively collected physiological, laboratory biomarkers, and outcome data in 147 patients undergoing VV-ECMO for severe ARDS. Forty-seven patients (32%) died in the intensive care unit (ICU). Average levels of COHb and haptoglobin were higher and lower, respectively, in patients who died. Higher haptoglobin was associated with lower pulmonary (PVR) and systemic vascular resistance, whereas higher COHb was associated with higher PVR. Carboxyhemoglobin was an independent predictor of VAP. Both haptoglobin and COHb independently predicted ICU mortality. In summary, indirect signs of hemolysis including COHb and haptoglobin are associated with modulation of vascular tone, VAP, and ICU mortality in respiratory ECMO. These findings suggest that CFH may be a mechanism of injury in this patient population.
Published: 2025
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3. Subthreshold micropulse laser treatment for autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy complicated by macular neovascularization

Author: Buonamassa, Rosa, Palumbo, Francesca, Boscia, Giacomo, Scotti, Giacomo, Ferrara, Andrea, De Vitis, Fabio, Pignataro, Mariagrazia, Termite, Alba Chiara, Landini, Luca, Alessio, Giovanni, Boscia, Francesco, and Viggiano, Pasquale
Abstract: Purpose To present a case of autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB) complicated by intraretinal fluid and subretinal fluid, successfully managed with navigated subthreshold micropulse laser (SML) treatment.Obervations A 25-year-old female was referred to our clinic by her ophthalmologist due to a diagnosis of reduced vision in both eyes. The patient presented with a visual acuity of 0.9 logMAR in both eyes. Structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed bilateral intraretinal fluid (IRF) and subretinal fluid (SRF), while OCT angiography (OCT-A) demonstrated bilateral macular neovascularization (MNV). Following the initiation of intravitreal therapy with anti-VEGF agents, administered via monthly injections for one year, we observed no improvement in visual acuity or resolution of IRF and SRF. SML treatment was administered to both eyes in the macular region. At the 3-month follow-up visit, OCT revealed complete resolution of IRF in the right eye and partial resolution of IRF in the left eye, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved from 0.9 logMAR to 0.7 logMAR.Conclusions and importance In our case, SML emerges as a promising treatment modality for patients with ARB complicated by MNV who exhibit poor response to anti-VEGF therapy. However, further prospective studies with longer follow-up periods and larger cohorts are warranted to confirm the optimal treatment strategy in ARB.
Published: 2025
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4. Pilot-Scale Acidogenic Fermentation of Reground Pasta Byproduct for Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production with Mixed Microbial Cultures.

Author: Salvatori, Gaia, Marchetti, Angela, Russo, Anna Maria, Rodriguez, Jesus, Scerbacov, Vadim, Fianelli, Francesco, Alfano, Sara, Crognale, Simona, Massimi, Alessio, Rossetti, Simona, Canali, Giacomo, De Micheli, Tiziana, Bolzonella, David, and Villano, Marianna
Published: 2025
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5. Nodal Burden and Oncologic Outcomes in Patients With Residual Isolated Tumor Cells After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (ypN0i+): The OPBC-05/ICARO Study.

Author: Montagna, Giacomo, Laws, Alison, Ferrucci, Massimo, Mrdutt, Mary M., Sun, Susie X., Bademler, Suleyman, Balbaloglu, Hakan, Balint-Lahat, Nora, Banys-Paluchowski, Maggie, Barrio, Andrea V., Benson, John, Bese, Nuran, Boughey, Judy C., Boyle, Marissa K., Diego, Emilia J., Eden, Claire, Eller, Ruth, Goldschmidt, Maite, Hlavin, Callie, and Heidinger, Martin
Published: 2025
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6. Track and field coaches' perspective and experiences of including osteopaths in shared management of elite athletes: A descriptive phenomenological study.

Author: Fard, Roksana, Cella, Mattia, Odorisio, Luca, and Consorti, Giacomo
Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the track and field elite athletes' coaches' perspectives and experiences regarding their athletes' osteopathic treatments to contribute to the development of integrated management models based on their expectations and experiences. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from Italian elite athletes' coaches enrolled in the study. An inductive analysis of the interviews was conducted using a descriptive phenomenological methodology. Data saturation was assessed in parallel with the data gathering to determine the sample size. Two additional interviews verified data saturation. Data saturation was reached with 11 participants (female = 3; male = 9). Participants' ages ranged from 28 to 70 years old. The analysis showed 1 overarching theme, "Shared decision-making on the track promotes performance and recovery," (1) "Elite athletes' coaches work in a highly specialized multidisciplinary team characterized by mutual trust and oriented towards shared decision-making" (2) "Osteopathic treatment is perceived to be effective in managing injuries but it is recognized that its main purpose is to prevent them" (3) "Continuous therapeutic relationships addressing body awareness and psychosocial factors improve elite athletes' performance" and (4) "Field-specific assessments performed by the osteopath inform training plan and recovery strategies", and 16 categories. TF athletes' coaches aim to work in a highly specialized multidisciplinary team characterized by mutual trust and oriented towards shared decision-making to manage and prevent injuries and enhance performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2025
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7. Novel Salting-Out-Assisted Liquid–Liquid Extraction for Efficient γ‑Valerolactone Recovery from Aqueous Solutions.

Author: Lorenzi, Leonardo, Fabbrizi, Giacomo, Gelosia, Mattia, and Nicolini, Andrea
Published: 2025
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8. New Insights into the Key Role of Thermal Treatment in V/P/O Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of n‑Butane to Maleic Anhydride.

Author: Conte, Ludovica, Setti, Laura, Luzzati, Giacomo, Tabanelli, Tommaso, Fratalocchi, Laura, Grazia, Lorenzo, Luciani, Silvia, Bordoni, Silvia, Cortelli, Carlotta, and Cavani, Fabrizio
Published: 2025
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9. Comparative assessment of pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic nephrectomy outcomes for renal cell carcinoma: Analysis of the ACS-NSQIP registry.

Author: Baker, Omer, Yuen, Kit L., Meagher, Margaret F., Musso, Giacomo, and Derweesh, Ithaar
Published: 2025
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10. Thiol-Ene UV-Cured Biodegradable Coatings from α,ω-Diene Furanic Monomers.

Author: Moraru, Dumitru, Chícharo, Beatriz, Trapasso, Giacomo, Fadlallah, Sami, Allais, Florent, Aricò, Fabio, and Sangermano, Marco
Published: 2025
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11. Advancing Ohmic Treatment of Egg Products: Insights from Numerical Simulation.

Author: Lysova, Natalya, Solari, Federico, Aprili, Giacomo, and Montanari, Roberto
Subjects: COMPUTATIONAL fluid dynamics, FLUID dynamics, CONSUMER preferences, FOOD quality, ELECTRIC currents
Abstract: In recent years, the market has been increasingly shifting towards more natural products, and nonconventional technologies are gaining increasing attention, as they allow to better preserve the organoleptic and nutritional properties of foods. Ohmic treatment is based on the Joule effect, with the heat produced by generating an electric current passing through the product. It offers several advantages in terms of heating uniformity, reduced fouling of the devices, and increased energy efficiency for products difficult to efficiently heat with traditional treatments. These characteristics make it an optimal choice for protein-rich products, like eggs and dairy products, which are often heterogeneous and particularly sensitive to high temperatures causing protein denaturation. In these applications, it is therefore essential to correctly design and dimension the ohmic heater to prevent the formation of hot spots that would irremediably affect the quality of the product. In this study, CFD simulation was used to evaluate the process performance during the continuous ohmic treatment of liquid whole eggs. The results obtained highlighted a strong relationship between the fluid dynamics inside the reactor and the temperature field. The insights obtained will be of great support to industrial stakeholders in the design phase and in implementing the ohmic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2025
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12. EUS-guided transesophageal fine-needle biopsy sampling of lung masses: diagnostic performance and safety.

Author: Rizzo, Giacomo Emanuele Maria, Traina, Mario, Ligresti, Dario, Carrozza, Lucio, Rancatore, Gabriele, Liotta, Rosa, Bertani, Alessandro, and Tarantino, Ilaria
Published: 2025
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13. Investigating survival outcomes in patients with early- vs late-onset colorectal cancer with liver metastases.

Author: Li, Judy, Waller, Giacomo Colver, Qin, Yunyun, Yu, Allen, Li, Thomas M, Li, Deborah M, Srouji, Rami, Correa, Camilo, Hiotis, Spiros P, Gunasekaran, Ganesh, Park, James O, and Cohen, Noah A
Published: 2025
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14. Recent trends in foreign body ingestion (FBI) epidemiology: A national cohort study.

Author: Mantegazza, Cecilia, Destro, Francesca, Ferraro, Simona, Biganzoli, Davide, Marano, Giuseppe, Quitadamo, Paolo, Nardo, Giovanni Di, Malamisura, Monica, Chiarazzo, Giulia, Renzo, Sara, Scarallo, Luca, Fava, Giorgio, Ichino, Martina, Panceri, Roberto, Sala, Debora, Pellegrino, Maristella, Macchini, Francesco, Gandullia, Paolo, Tantari, Giacomo, and Bramuzzo, Matteo
Abstract: Foreign body ingestion (FBI) in children is a critical health concern. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of FBI in children in Italy. We retrospectively enrolled children <18 years admitted for FBI from January 2015 to December 2020. Data were collected across 21 hospitals with dedicated pediatric endoscopy services and normalized by the population of the corresponding municipalities. A total of 5,771 FBI cases were analyzed. FBI incidents showed consistent time trends across age groups, with most events occurring at home and being witnessed (94.7 %). Children <6 years accounted for 74.3 % of cases. Comorbidities were present in 5.3 % of cases, primarily neurologic/psychiatric disorders in older children (6–17 years). Blunt objects accounted for 65.5 % of ingestions. Young males commonly ingested button batteries, while females showed higher rates of ingesting hair products and jewelry. Most children were discharged (60 %) or observed briefly (75 % of total admissions), with endoscopic removal performed in 24 % of cases. Rates of FBI have remained stable over the years, including during the COVID-19 pandemic. FBI predominantly occurs in domestic settings among healthy young children, particularly those ≤5 years old. These findings emphasize the need for preventive measures to reduce the impact of FBI among children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2025
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15. Synergistic Effect of Oxygen and Water on the Environmental Reactivity of 2D Layered GeAs.

Author: Persichetti, Luca, Giorgi, Giacomo, Lozzi, Luca, Passacantando, Maurizio, Bournel, Fabrice, Gallet, Jean-Jacques, and Camilli, Luca
Published: 2025
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16. Spectral Design of Nano-Cerates for Emerging Passive Radiative Cooling Technologies: Theory Boosts Experiments.

Author: Borghesi, Costanza, Bondi, Roberto, Marchini, Francesco, Fabiani, Claudia, Latterini, Loredana, Castelli, Ivano Eligio, Pisello, Anna Laura, and Giorgi, Giacomo
Published: 2025
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17. Evolution of Self-reported Neuropsychiatric Symptoms After Switching from Dolutegravir/Abacavir/Lamivudine to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide: Results from the Randomized DOBINeuro Trial.

Author: Rossetti, Barbara, Ferrara, Micol, Taramasso, Lucia, Bai, Francesca, Lombardi, Francesca, Ciccarelli, Nicoletta, Durante, Miriam, Alladio, Francesca, Bonazza, Federica, Rancan, Ilaria, Montagnani, Francesca, Di Biagio, Antonio, Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio, Zazzi, Maurizio, Fabbiani, Massimiliano, De Luca, Andrea, Lanari, Alessandro, Masini, Melissa, Zanelli, Giacomo, and Bianchi, Sabrina
Published: 2025
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18. Morphometry, cellular characterization and temporal evolution of granulomas induced by aluminium oxyhydroxide in sheep.

Author: Rodríguez-Largo, Ana, Gómez, Álex, Pérez, Estela, de Miguel, Ricardo, Moncayola, Irati, Biagini, Lucia, Rossi, Giacomo, de Blas, Ignacio, Fernández, Antonio, Pérez, Marta, Glaria, Idoia, Reina, Ramsés, and Luján, Lluís
Subjects: AUTOPSY, GRANULOMA, MANNOSE, LENTIVIRUSES, KERATIN
Abstract: Persistent subcutaneous granulomas form at the injection site following administration of aluminium oxyhydroxide (AlOOH), a widely used vaccine adjuvant. Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) can infect macrophages within granulomas induced by commercial AlOOH-based vaccines in sheep. The entry of SRLVs into target cells involves the mannose receptor (MR), while catalytic polypeptide-like 3 protein containing Z1 domain (A3Z1) is considered a restriction factor for lentiviral replication. The objective of this study was to investigate the temporal evolution of AlOOH-induced post-vaccination granulomas in sheep experimentally infected with SRLVs. Twenty-four male lambs underwent two identical vaccination protocols and were challenged with SRLVs. Granulomas were detected in vaccinated groups only and progressively decreased in size. At post-mortem examination, 91.3% of the granulomas were recovered. Fistulas were present in granulomas following the second vaccination protocol. Central necrosis was present in 58.0% of granulomas and was associated with the vaccine used. Orthokeratotic keratin was seen within granulomas in 47.1% of the lambs. Considering all granulomas studied, significantly higher expression of MR was found compared with A3Z1. Differences in MR expression were related to the type of vaccine and the time since vaccination. A3Z1 expression was upregulated in granulomas from the infected groups. Macrophage polarization may influence SRLV infection of granulomas. While SRLV infection does not influence the architecture of post-vaccination granulomas, it may modulate their immune microenvironment. Further studies are needed to elucidate the complex interactions between AlOOH-induced granulomas and SRLV infection in sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2025
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19. Protective Hemodynamics: C.L.E.A.R.!

Author: D'Amico, Filippo, Marmiere, Marilena, Monti, Giacomo, and Landoni, Giovanni
Published: 2025
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20. Inverted-bearing reverse shoulder arthroplasty: long-term survivorship, complications, clinical, and radiological outcomes.

Author: Ranieri, Riccardo, Minelli, Marco, Borroni, Mario, Delle Rose, Giacomo, Dubini, Luigi, and Castagna, Alessandro
Abstract: Inverted-bearing reverse shoulder arthroplasty (IB-RSA) is characterized by a polyethylene glenosphere and a metallic humeral liner to minimize polyethylene wear and debris secondary to impingement between the humerus and glenoid neck. IB-RSA long-term survivorship, complication and revision rates, as well as clinical and radiographic outcomes have not been reported yet. This is a monocentric retrospective study on a consecutive series of 151 patients who underwent primary IB-RSA from January 2009 to September 2015 and were evaluated clinically and radiologically at the minimum 8-year follow-up. All complications and reoperations were recorded. Survivorship analysis with any revision surgery as endpoint was done using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Seventy-eight patients (follow-up rate 51.7%) were reviewed at a mean follow-up of 10.1 ± 1.9 years. At 10 years, the revision-free survival was 98.7% (95% confidence interval: 94.8-99.7). Sixteen complications (10.6%) were observed: 2 axillary nerve injuries, 2 infections, 2 glenoid loosening (which stabilized within 1 year), 2 cases of otherwise unexplained painful stiffness, 4 acromial fractures, 1 post-traumatic scapular pillar fracture, and 3 post-traumatic humeral periprosthetic fractures. Two patients were revised due to infection. No cases of late glenoid loosening and humeral loosening were observed. The revision rate was 1.3%. All the clinical scores and range of motion significantly improved at the last follow-up compared with preoperative status: final Constant score was 66.1 ± 17.4, Subjective Shoulder Value 79.1 ± 20.9, and the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons 82.2 ± 17.7. Scapular notching was observed in 51.4% of patients: only 1 case of grade 3 notching was observed in an early glenoid subsidence case. Primary IB-RSA appears to be a safe and effective procedure and does not present specific implant-associated complications at long-term follow-up. Radiographic analysis showed that inverting the biomaterials leads to a distinct kind of notching with mainly mechanical features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2025
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21. Endoscopic or combined management of post-surgical biliary leaks: a two-center recent experience

Author: Quintini, Dario, Rizzo, Giacomo Emanuele Maria, Tarantino, Ilaria, Sarzo, Giacomo, Fantin, Alberto, Miraglia, Roberto, Maruzzelli, Luigi, Ligresti, Dario, Carrozza, Lucio, Rancatore, Gabriele, Gruttadauria, Salvatore, Cillo, Umberto, Ferrara, Francesco, and Traina, Mario
Abstract: Background and Aims: Post-surgical biliary leaks (PSBL) are one of the most prevalent and significant adverse events emerging after liver or biliary tract surgeries. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) alone or combined with another approach (Rendez Vous) as treatment of PSBL obtains optimal outcomes due to the possibility of modifying the resistances in the biliary tree. Methods: A retrospective double-center study was conducted in two tertiary centers. Consecutive patients who underwent at least one attempt of PSBL correction by ERCP or Rendez Vous procedure between January 2018 and August 2023 were included. The primary outcome was overall endoscopic clinical success. In contrast, the secondary outcomes were hospital stay exceeding five days and endoscopic clinical success with the first endoscopic procedure at the tertiary center. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess outcomes. Results: 65 patients were included. Patients with one or multiple) leaks had more possibility to achieve the endoscopic clinical success compared to those affected by the association of leaks and stricture (96% vs 67%, pvalue 0.005). Leaks occurring in the main biliary duct had less probability (67%) to achieve the overall endoscopic clinical success compared to those in the end-to-end anastomosis (90%), in the resection plane or biliary stump (96%) or first or secondary order biliary branches (100%, pvalue 0.038). A leak-bridging stent positioning had more probability of achieving the endoscopic clinical success than a not leak-bridging stent (91% vs 53%, pvalue 0.005). Conclusions: ERCP and Rendez Vous procedures are safe and effective for treating PSBL, regardless of the type of preceding surgery, even if technical or clinical success was not achieved on the first attempt. A stent should be placed, if feasible, leak-bridging to enhance treatment efficacy. Graphical abstract:
Published: 2024
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22. Charge Sharing Assessment and Active Collimation in Monolithic Arrays of Silicon Drift Detectors

Author: Pedretti, Beatrice, Borghi, Giacomo, Ticchi, Giacomo, Di Vita, Davide, Carminati, Marco, and Fiorini, Carlo
Abstract: Charge sharing (CS) between pixels is a significant concern in X-ray spectroscopy detectors based on monolithic arrays of silicon drift detectors (SDDs) when a photon is absorbed near a pixel edge. Traditional mechanical collimation mitigates CS but decreases the active area of the detector. This is particularly true for small-pixel detectors, where the mechanical collimator shields a significant portion of the active area and, moreover, becomes quite complex to be manufactured for small apertures. In this work, we carry out a study of CS in SDDs and introduce active collimation as an alternative to mechanical collimation, leveraging key parameters of signals at the output of the charge-sensitive amplifier (CSA), to identify CS events occurring within a defined coincidence window (CW) in neighboring pixels. To validate the technique, we first conducted a quantitative assessment of the impact of CS on a 16-element monolithic SDD module with 2-mm-side square pixels using a focused pulsed laser. We then tested an active collimation algorithm on this detector configuration during a spectroscopic measurement with an uncollimated 55Fe source, demonstrating its capability in recovering CS events and reconstructing them as Mn-K $\alpha $ peak events. This active collimation approach, in contrast to mechanical collimation, not only enhances the effective active area while achieving a substantial reduction in the background continuum of the spectrum, but also recovers information inevitably lost in uncollimated detectors due to intrinsic CS effects.
Published: 2024
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23. Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for treatment of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder — recommendations from ECTRIMS and the EBMT

Author: Muraro, Paolo A., Mariottini, Alice, Greco, Raffaella, Burman, Joachim, Iacobaeus, Ellen, Inglese, Matilde, Snowden, John A., Alexander, Tobias, Amato, Maria Pia, Bø, Lars, Boffa, Giacomo, Ciccarelli, Olga, Cohen, Jeffrey A., Derfuss, Tobias, Farge, Dominique, Freedman, Mark S., Gaughan, Maria, Heesen, Christoph, Kazmi, Majid, Kirzigov, Kirill, Ljungman, Per, Mancardi, Gianluigi, Martin, Roland, Mehra, Varun, Moiola, Lucia, Saccardi, Riccardo, Tintoré, Mar, Stankoff, Bruno, and Sharrack, Basil
Abstract: Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is a treatment option for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) that are refractory to disease-modifying therapy (DMT). AHSCT after failure of high-efficacy DMT in aggressive forms of relapsing–remitting MS is a generally accepted indication, yet the optimal placement of this approach in the treatment sequence is not universally agreed upon. Uncertainties also remain with respect to other indications, such as in rapidly evolving, severe, treatment-naive MS, progressive MS, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Furthermore, treatment and monitoring protocols, rehabilitation and other supportive care before and after AHSCT need to be optimized. To address these issues, we convened a European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis Focused Workshop in partnership with the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Autoimmune Diseases Working Party, in which evidence and key questions were presented and discussed by experts in these diseases and in AHSCT. Based on the workshop output and subsequent written interactions, this Consensus Statement provides practical guidance and recommendations on the use of AHSCT in MS and NMOSD. Recommendations are based on the available evidence, or on consensus when evidence was insufficient. We summarize the key evidence, report the final recommendations, and identify areas for further research.
Published: 2025
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24. Clinical trials for implantable neural prostheses: understanding the ethical and technical requirements

Author: Ienca, Marcello, Valle, Giacomo, and Raspopovic, Stanisa
Abstract: Neuroprosthetics research has entered a stage in which animal models and proof-of-concept studies are translated into clinical applications, often combining implants with artificial intelligence techniques. This new phase raises the question of how clinical trials should be designed to scientifically and ethically address the unique features of neural prostheses. Neural prostheses are complex cyberbiological devices able to acquire and process data; hence, their assessment is not reducible to only third-party safety and efficacy evaluations as in pharmacological research. In addition, assessment of neural prostheses requires a causal understanding of their mechanisms, and scrutiny of their information security and legal liability standards. Some neural prostheses affect not only human behaviour, but also psychological faculties such as consciousness, cognition, and affective states. In this Viewpoint, we argue that the technological novelty of neural prostheses could generate challenges for technology assessment, clinical validation, and research ethics oversight. To this end, we identify a set of methodological and research ethics challenges specific to this medical technology innovation. We provide insights into relevant ethical guidelines and assess whether oversight mechanisms are well equipped to ensure adequate clinical and ethical use. Finally, we outline patient-centred research ethics requirements for clinical trials involving implantable neural prostheses.
Published: 2025
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25. Correction: CEPC Technical Design Report: Accelerator

Author: Abdallah, Waleed, de Freitas, Tiago CarlosAdorno, Afanaciev, Konstantin, Ahmad, Shakeel, Ahmed, Ijaz, Ai, Xiaocong, Aleem, Abid, Altmannshofer, Wolfgang, Alves, Fabio, An, Weiming, An, Rui, Anderle, Daniele Paolo, Antusch, Stefan, Arai, Yasuo, Arbuzov, Andrej, Arhrib, Abdesslam, Ashry, Mustafa, Bai, Sha, Bai, Yu, Bai, Yang, Bairathi, Vipul, Balazs, Csaba, Bambade, Philip, Ban, Yong, Bandyopadhyay, Triparno, Bao, Shou-Shan, Barber, Desmond P., Bat, Ays¸e, Batozskaya, Varvara, Behera, Subash Chandra, Belyaev, Alexander, Bertucci, Michele, Bi, Xiao-Jun, Bi, Yuanjie, Bian, Tianjian, Bianchi, Fabrizio, Bieko¨tter, Thomas, Biglietti, Michela, Bilanishvili, Shalva, Binglin, Deng, Bodrov, Denis, Bogomyagkov, Anton, Bondarenko, Serge, Boogert, Stewart, Boonekamp, Maarten, Borri, Marcello, Bosotti, Angelo, Boudry, Vincent, Boukidi, Mohammed, Boyko, Igor, Bozovic, Ivanka, Bozzi, Giuseppe, Brient, Jean-Claude, Budzinskaya, Anastasiia, Bukhari, Masroor, Bytev, Vladimir, Cacciapaglia, Giacomo, Cai, Hua, Cai, Wenyong, Cai, Wujun, Cai, Yijian, Cai, Yizhou, Cai, Yuchen, Cai, Haiying, Cai, Huacheng, Calibbi, Lorenzo, Cang, Junsong, Cao, Guofu, Cao, Jianshe, Chance, Antoine, Chang, Xuejun, Chang, Yue, Chang, Zhe, Chang, Xinyuan, Chao, Wei, Chatrabhuti, Auttakit, Che, Yimin, Che, Yuzhi, Chen, Bin, Chen, Danping, Chen, Fuqing, Chen, Fusan, Chen, Gang, Chen, Guoming, Chen, Hua-Xing, Chen, Huirun, Chen, Jinhui, Chen, Ji-Yuan, Chen, Kai, Chen, Mali, Chen, Mingjun, Chen, Mingshui, Chen, Ning, Chen, Shanhong, Chen, Shanzhen, Chen, Shao-Long, Chen, Shaomin, Chen, Shiqiang, Chen, Tianlu, Chen, Wei, Chen, Xiang, Chen, Xiaoyu, Chen, Xin, Chen, Xun, Chen, Xurong, Chen, Ye, Chen, Ying, Chen, Yukai, Chen, Zelin, Chen, Zilin, Chen, Gang, Chen, Boping, Chen, Chunhui, Cheng, Hok Chuen, Cheng, Huajie, Cheng, Shan, Cheng, Tongguang, Chi, Yunlong, Chimenti, Pietro, Chiu, Wen Han, Cho, Guk, Chu, Ming-Chung, Chu, Xiaotong, Chu, Ziliang, Coloretti, Guglielmo, Crivellin, Andreas, Cui, Hanhua, Cui, Xiaohao, Cui, Zhaoyuan, D’Anzi, Brunella, Dai, Ling-Yun, Dai, Xinchen, Dai, Xuwen, De Maria, Antonio, De Filippis, Nicola, De La Taille, Christophe, De Mori, Francesca, De Sio, Chiara, Del Core, Elisa, Deng, Shuangxue, Deng, Wei-Tian, Deng, Zhi, Deng, Ziyan, Dev, Bhupal, Dewen, Tang, Di Micco, Biagio, Ding, Ran, Ding, Siqin, Ding, Yadong, Dong, Haiyi, Dong, Jianing, Dong, Jing, Dong, Lan, Dong, Mingyi, Dong, Xu, Dong, Yipei, Dong, Yubing, Dordevic, Milos, Drewes, Marco, Du, Mingxuan, Du, Mingxuan, Du, Qianqian, Du, Xiaokang, Du, Yanyan, Du, Yong, Du, Yunfei, Duan, Chun-Gui, Duan, Zhe, Dydyshka, Yahor, Egede, Ulrik, Elmetenawee, Walaa, Eo, Yun, Fan, Ka Yan, Fan, Kuanjun, Fan, Yunyun, Fang, Bo, Fang, Shuangshi, Fang, Yuquan, Farilla, Ada, Farinelli, Riccardo, Farooq, Muhammad, Golfe, Angeles Faus, Fazliakhmetov, Almaz, Fei, Rujun, Feng, Bo, Feng, Chong, Feng, Junhua, Feng, Xu, Feng, Zhuoran, ZhuoranFeng, Castillo, Luis Roberto Flores, Forest, Etienne, Fowlie, Andrew, Fox, Harald, Fu, Hai-Bing, Fu, Jinyu, Fuks, Benjamin, Funakoshi, Yoshihiro, Gabrielli, Emidio, Gan, Nan, Gang, Li, Gao, Jie, Gao, Meisen, Gao, Wenbin, Gao, Wenchun, Gao, Yu, Gao, Yuanning, Gao, Zhanxiang, Gao, Yanyan, Ge, Kun, Ge, Shao-Feng, Ge, Zhenwu, Geng, Li-Sheng, Geng, Qinglin, Geng, Chao-Qiang, Ghosh, Swagata, Gioiosa, Antonio, Gladilin, Leonid, Gong, Ti, Gori, Stefania, Gou, Quanbu, Grinstein, Sebastian, Gu, Chenxi, Guillermo, Gerardo, da Costa, Joao Guimaraes, Guo, Dizhou, Guo, Fangyi, Guo, Jiacheng, Guo, Jun, Guo, Lei, Guo, Lei, Guo, Xia, Guo, Xin-Heng, Guo, Xinyang, Guo, Yun, Guo, Yunqiang, Guo, Yuping, Guo, Zhi-Hui, Gutie´rrez-Rodríguez, Alejandro, Ha, Seungkyu, Habib, Noman, Hajer, Jan, Hammer, Francois, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Huayong, Han, Jifeng, Han, Liang, Han, Liangliang, Han, Ruixiong, Han, Yang, Han, Yezi, Han, Yuanying, Han, Tao, Hao, Jiankui, Hao, Xiqing, XiqingHao, He, Chuanqi, He, Dayong, He, Dongbing, He, Guangyuan, He, Hong-Jian, He, Jibo, He, Jun, He, Longyan, He, Xiang, He, Xiao-Gang, He, Zhenqiang, Heinemann, Klaus, Heinemeyer, Sven, Heng, Yuekun, Herna´ndez-Ruíz, María A., Hong, Jiamin, Hor, Yuenkeung, Hou, George W. S., Hou, Xiantao, Hou, Xiaonan, Hou, Zhilong, Hou, Suen, Hu, Caishi, Hu, Chen, Hu, Dake, Hu, Haiming, Hu, Jiagen, Hu, Jun, Hu, Kun, Hu, Shouyang, Hu, Yongcai, Hu, Yu, Hu, Zhen, Hua, Zhehao, Hua, Jianfei, Huang, Chao-Shang, Huang, Fa Peng, Huang, Guangshun, Huang, Jinshu, Huang, Ke, Huang, Liangsheng, Huang, Shuhui, Huang, Xingtao, Huang, Xu-Guang, Huang, Yanping, Huang, Yonggang, Huang, Yongsheng, Huang, Zimiao, Huanyuan, Chen, Huh, Changgi, Hui, Jiaqi, Huo, Lihua, Hussain, Talab, Hwang, Kyuyeong, Ioannisian, Ara, Iqbal, Munawar, Jackson, Paul, Jafarzade, Shahriyar, Jang, Haeun, Jang, Seoyun, Ji, Daheng, Ji, Qingping, Ji, Quan, Ji, Xiaolu, Jia, Jingguang, Jia, Jinsheng, Jia, Xuewei, Jia, Zihang, Jiang, Cailian, Jiang, Han Ren, Jiang, Houbing, Jiang, Jun, Jiang, Xiaowei, Jiang, Xin, Jiang, Xuhui, Jiang, Yongcheng, Jiang, Zhongjian, Jiang, Cheng, Jiao, Ruiqi, Jin, Dapeng, Jin, Shan, Jin, Song, Jin, Yi, Jis, Junji, Jung, Sunghoon, Kacarevic, Goran, Kajfasz, Eric, Kalinovskaya, Lidia, Kampf, Aleksei, Kang, Wen, Kang, Xian-Wei, Kang, Xiaolin, Karmakar, Biswajit, Ke, Zhiyong, Keloth, Rijeesh, Khan, Alamgir, Khanpour, Hamzeh, Khosonthongkee, Khanchai, KhanchaiKhosonthongkee, Kim, Bobae, Kim, Dongwoon, Kim, Mi Ran, Kim, Minsuk, Kim, Sungwon, Kim, On, Klasen, Michael, Ko, Sanghyun, Koop, Ivan, Kornienko, Vitaliy, Kortman, Bryan, Kozlov, Gennady, Kuang, Shiqing, Kumar, Mukesh, Kuo, Chia Ming, Kwok, Tsz Hong, Lagarde, Franc¸ois Sylvain Ren, Lai, Pei-Zhu, Laktineh, Imad, Lan, Xiaofei, Lan, Zuxiu, Lavezzi, Lia, Lee, Justin, Lee, Junghyun, Lee, Sehwook, Lei, Ge, Lemmon, Roy, Leng, Yongxiang, Leung, Sze Ching, Li, Hai Tao, Li, Bingzhi, Li, Bo, Li, Bo, Li, Changhong, Li, Chao, Li, Cheng, Li, Cheng, Li, Chunhua, Li, Cui, Li, Dazhang, Li, Dikai, Li, Fei, Li, Gang, Li, Gang, Li, Gang, Li, Gaosong, Li, Haibo, Li, Haifeng, Li, Hai-Jun, Li, Haotian, Li, Hengne, Li, Honglei, Li, Huijing, Li, Jialin, Li, Jingyi, Li, Jinmian, Li, Jun, Li, Leyi, Li, Liang, Li, Ling, Li, Mei, Li, Meng, Li, Minxian, Li, Pei-Rong, Li, Qiang, Li, Shaopeng, Li, Shenghe, Li, Shu, Li, Shuo, Li, Teng, Li, Tiange, Li, Tong, Li, Weichang, Li, Weidong, Li, Wenjun, Li, Xiaoling, Li, Xiaomei, Li, Xiaonan, Li, Xiaoping, Li, Xiaoting, Li, Xin, Li, Xinqiang, Li, Xuekang, Li, Yang, Li, Yanwei, Li, Yiming, Li, Ying, Li, Ying-Ying, Li, Yonggang, Li, Yonglin, Li, Yufeng, Li, Yuhui, Li, Zhan, Li, Zhao, Li, Zhiji, Li, Tong, Li, Lingfeng, Li, Fei, Liang, Jing, Liang, Jinhan, Liang, Zhijun, Liao, Guangrui, Liao, Hean, Liao, Jiajun, Liao, Libo, Liao, Longzhou, Liao, Yi, Liao, Yipu, Limphirat, Ayut, AyutLimphirat, Lin, Tao, Lin, Weiping, Lin, Yufu, Lin, Yugen, Liu, Beijiang, Liu, Bo, Liu, Danning, Liu, Dong, Liu, Fu-Hu, Liu, Hongbang, Liu, Huangcheng, Liu, Hui, Liu, Huiling, Liu, Jia, Liu, Jia, Liu, Jiaming, Liu, Jianbei, Liu, Jianyi, Liu, Jingdong, Liu, Jinhua, Liu, Kai, Liu, Kang, Liu, Kun, Liu, Mengyao, Liu, Peng, Liu, Pengcheng, Liu, Qibin, Liu, Shan, Liu, Shidong, Liu, Shuang, Liu, Shubin, Liu, Tao, Liu, Tao, Liu, Tong, Liu, Wei, Liu, Xiang, Liu, Xiao-Hai, Liu, Xiaohui, Liu, Xiaoyu, Liu, Xin, Liu, Xinglin, Liu, Xingquan, Liu, Yang, Liu, Yanlin, Liu, Yao-Bei, Liu, Yi, Liu, Yiming, Liu, Yong, Liu, Yonglu, Liu, Yu, Liu, Yubin, Liu, Yudong, Liu, Yulong, Liu, Zhaofeng, Liu, Zhen, Liu, Zhenchao, Liu, Zhi, Liu, Zhi-Feng, Liu, Zhiqing, Liu, Zhongfu, Liu, Zuowei, Liu, Mia, Liu, Zhen, Liu, Xiaoyang, Lou, Xinchou, Lu, Cai-Dian, Lu, Jun-Xu, Lu, Qiu Zhen, Lu, Shang, Lu, Shang, Lu, Wenxi, Lu, Xiaohan, Lu, Yunpeng, Lu, Zhiyong, Lu, Xianguo, Lu, Wei, Lubsandorzhiev, Bayarto, Lubsandorzhiev, Sultim, Lukanov, Arslan, Luo, Jinliang, Luo, Tao, Luo, xiaoan, Luo, Xiaofeng, Luo, Xiaolan, Lv, Jindong, Lyu, Feng, Lyu, Xiao-Rui, Lyu, Kun-Feng, Ma, Ande, Ma, Hong-Hao, Ma, Jun-Li, Ma, Kai, Ma, Lishuang, Ma, Na, Ma, Renjie, Ma, Weihu, Ma, Xinpeng, Ma, Yanling, Ma, Yan-Qing, Ma, Yongsheng, Ma, Zhonghui, Ma, Zhongjian, Ma, Yang, Maity, Mousam, Mao, Lining, Mao, Yanmin, Mao, Yaxian, Martens, Aure´lien, Maria, Caccia Massimo Luigi, Matsumoto, Shigeki, Mellado, Bruce, Meloni, Davide, Men, Lingling, Meng, Cai, Meng, Lingxin, Mi, Zhenghui, Miao, Yuhui, Migliorati, Mauro, Ming, Lei, Mitsou, Vasiliki A., Monaco, Laura, Moraes, Arthur, Mosala, Karabo, Moursy, Ahmad, Mu, Lichao, Mu, Zhihui, Muchnoi, Nickolai, Muenstermann, Daniel, Muenstermann, Daniel, Munbodh, Pankaj, Murray, William John, Nanni, Jérôme, Nanzanov, Dmitry, Nie, Changshan, Nikitin, Sergei, Ning, Feipeng, Ning, Guozhu, Niu, Jia-Shu, Niu, Juan-Juan, Niu, Yan, Nkadimeng, Edward Khomotso, Ohmi, Kazuhito, Oide, Katsunobu, Okawa, Hideki, Ouchemhou, Mohamed, Ouyang, Qun, Paesani, Daniele, Pagani, Carlo, Paganis, Stathes, Pakuza, Collette, Pan, Jiangyang, Pan, Juntong, Pan, Tong, Pan, Xiang, Panda, Papia, Pandey, Saraswati, Pandurovic, Mila, Paparella, Rocco, Pasechnik, Roman, Passemar, Emilie, Pei, Hua, Peng, Xiaohua, Peng, Xinye, Peng, Yuemei, Ping, Jialun, Ping, Ronggang, Adhya, Souvik Priyam, Qi, Baohua, Qi, Hang, Qi, Huirong, Qi, Ming, Qian, Sen, Qian, Zhuoni, Qiao, Congfeng, Qin, Guangyou, Qin, Jiajia, Qin, Laishun, Qin, Liqing, Qin, Qin, Qin, Xiaoshuai, Qin, Zhonghua, Qu, Guofeng, Racioppi, Antonio, Ramsey-Musolf, Michael, Raza, Shabbar, Rekovic, Vladimir, Ren, Jing, Reuter, Ju¨rgen, Robens, Tania, Rossi, Giancarlo, Ruan, Manqi, Ruan, Manqi, Rumyantsev, Leonid, Ryu, Min Sang, Sadykov, Renat, Sang, Minjing, Sanz-Cillero, Juan Jose´, Saur, Miroslav, Savla, Nishil, Schmidt, Michael A., Sertore, Daniele, Settles, Ron, Sha, Peng, Shao, Ding-Yu, Shao, Ligang, Shao, Hua-Sheng, She, Xin, Shen, Chuang, Shen, Hong-Fei, Shen, Jian-Ming, Shen, Peixun, Shen, Qiuping, Shen, Zhongtao, Sheng, Shuqi, Shi, Haoyu, Shi, Hua, Shi, Qi, Shi, Shusu, Shi, Xiaolei, Shi, Xin, Shi, Yukun, Shi, Zhan, Shipsey, Ian, Shiu, Gary, Shu, Chang, Si, Zong-Guo, Sidorenkov, Andrei, Smiljanić, Ivan, Song, Aodong, Song, Huayang, Song, Jiaojiao, Song, Jinxing, Song, Siyuan, Song, Weimin, Song, Weizheng, Song, Zhi, Sourav, Shashwat, Spruzzola, Paolo, Su, Feng, Su, Shengsen, Su, Wei, Su, Shufang, Sui, Yanfeng, Sui, Zexuan, Sullivan, Michael, Sun, Baiyang, Sun, Guoqiang, Sun, Hao, Sun, Hao-Kai, Sun, Junfeng, Sun, Liang, Sun, Mengcheng, Sun, Pengfei, Sun, Sichun, Sun, Xianjing, Sun, Xiaohu, Sun, Xilei, Sun, Xingyang, Sun, Xin-Yuan, Sun, Yanjun, Sun, Yongzhao, Sun, Yue, Sun, Zheng, Sun, Zheng, Suwonjandee, Narumon, Eldin, Elsayed Tag, Tan, Biao, Tang, Bo, Tang, Chuanxiang, Tang, Gao, Tang, Guangyi, Tang, Jian, Tang, Jingyu, Tang, Liang, Tang, Ying’Ao, Tao, Junquan, Tawfik, Abdel Nasser, Taylor, Geoffrey, Telnov, Valery, Tian, Saike, Torre, Riccardo, Trzaska, Wladyslaw Henryk, Tsybychev, Dmitri, Tu, Yanjun, Tuo, Shengquan, Tytgat, Michael, Islam, Ghalib Ul, Ushakov, Nikita, Valencia, German, Velthuis, Jaap, Vicini, Alessandro, Vickey, Trevor, Vidakovic, Ivana, Videau, Henri, Volkas, Raymond, Voronin, Dmitry, Vukasinovic, Natasa, Wan, Xia, Wan, Xuying, Wang, Xiao, Wang, Anqing, Wang, Bin, Wang, Chengtao, Wang, Chuanye, Wang, Ci, Wang, Dayong, Wang, Dou, Wang, En, Wang, Fei, Wang, Fei, Wang, Guanwen, Wang, Guo-Li, Wang, Haijing, Wang, Haolin, Wang, Jia, Wang, Jian, Wang, Jianchun, Wang, Jianli, Wang, Jiawei, Wang, Jin, Wang, Jin-Wei, Wang, Joseph, Wang, Kechen, Wang, Lechun, Wang, Lei, Wang, Liguo, Wang, Lijiao, Wang, Lu, Wang, Meng, Wang, Na, Wang, Pengcheng, Wang, Qian, Wang, Qun, Wang, Shu Lin, Wang, Shudong, Wang, Taofeng, Wang, Tianhong, Wang, Tianyang, Wang, Tong, Wang, Wei, Wang, Wei, Wang, Xiaolong, Wang, Xiaolong, Wang, Xiaoning, Wang, Xiao-Ping, Wang, Xiongfei, Wang, Xujian, Wang, Yaping, Wang, Yaqian, Wang, Yi, Wang, Yiao, Wang, Yifang, Wang, Yilun, Wang, Yiwei, Wang, You-Kai, Wang, Yuanping, Wang, Yuexin, Wang, Yuhao, Wang, Yu-Ming, Wang, Yuting, Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zhigang, Wang, Weiping, Wang, Zeren Simon, Wang, Biao, Wang, Hui, Wang, Lian-Tao, Wang, Zihui, Wang, Zirui, Wang, Jia, Wang, Tong, Wei, Daihui, Wei, Shujun, Wei, Wei, Wei, Xiaomin, Wei, Yuanyuan, Wei, Yingjie, Wen, Liangjian, Wen, Xuejun, Wen, Yufeng, White, Martin, Williams, Peter, Wolffs, Zef, Womersley, William John, Wu, Baona, Wu, Bobing, Wu, Guanjian, Wu, Jinfei, Wu, Lei, Wu, Lina, Wu, Linghui, Wu, Minlin, Wu, Peiwen, Wu, Qi, Wu, Qun, Wu, Tianya, Wu, Xiang, Wu, Xiaohong, Wu, Xing-Gang, Wu, Xuehui, Wu, Yaru, Wu, Yongcheng, Wu, Yuwen, Wu, Zhi, Wu, Xin, Xia, Lei, Xia, Ligang, Xia, Shang, Xiang, Benhou, Xiang, Dao, Xiang, Zhiyu, Xiao, Bo-Wen, Xiao, Chu-Wen, Xiao, Dong, Xiao, Guangyan, Xiao, Han, Xiao, Meng, Xiao, Ouzheng, Xiao, Rui-Qing, Xiao, Xiang, Xiao, Yichen, Xiao, Ying, Xiao, Yu, Xiao, Yunlong, Xiao, Zhenjun, Xiao, Hengyuan, Xie, Nian, Xie, Yuehong, Xin, Tianmu, Xing, Ye, Xing, Zhizhong, Xu, Da, Xu, Fang, Xu, Fanrong, Xu, Haisheng, Xu, Haocheng, Xu, Ji, Xu, Miaofu, Xu, Qingjin, Xu, Qingnian, Xu, Wei, Xu, Wei, Xu, Weixi, Xu, Xinping, Xu, Zhen, Xu, Zijun, Xu, Zehua, Xu, Yaoyuan, Xue, Feifei, Yan, Baojun, Yan, Bin, Yan, Fen, Yan, Fucheng, Yan, Jiaming, Yan, Liang, Yan, Luping, Yan, Qi-Shu, Yan, Wenbiao, Yan, Yupeng, Yan, Luping, Yan, Haoyue, Yang, Dong, Yang, Fengying, Yang, Guicheng, Yang, Haijun, Yang, Jin Min, Yang, Jing, Yang, Lan, Yang, Li, Yang, Li Lin, Yang, Lili, Yang, Litao, Yang, Mei, Yang, Qiaoli, Yang, Tiansen, Yang, Xiaochen, Yang, Yingjun, Yang, Yueling, Yang, Zhengyong, Yang, Zhenwei, Yang, Youhua, Yang, Xiancong, Yao, De-Liang, Yao, Shi, Ye, Lei, Ye, Lingxi, Ye, Mei, Ye, Rui, Ye, Rui, Ye, Yecheng, Yermolchyk, Vitaly, Yi, Kai, Yi, Li, Yi, Yang, Yin, Di, Yin, Peng-Fei, Yin, Shenghua, Yin, Ze, Yin, Zhongbao, Yinhong, Zhang, Yoo, Hwi Dong, You, Zhengyun, Young, Charles, Yu, Boxiang, Yu, Chenghui, Yu, Fusheng, Yu, Jie-Sheng, Yu, Jinqing, Yu, Lingda, Yu, Zhao-Huan, Yu, Felix, Yu, Bingrong, Yuan, Changzheng, Yuan, Li, Yuan, Xing-Bo, Yuan, Youjin, Yue, Junhui, Yue, Qian, Yue, Baobiao, Zaib, Un Nisa, Zanzottera, Riccardo, Zeng, Hao, Zeng, Ming, Zhai, Jian, Zhai, Jiyuan, Zhai, Xin Zhe, Zhan, Xi-Jie, Zhang, Ben-Wei, Zhang, Bolun, Zhang, Di, Zhang, Guangyi, Zhang, Hao, Zhang, Hong-Hao, Zhang, Huaqiao, Zhang, Hui, Zhang, Jialiang, Zhang, Jianyu, Zhang, Jianzhong, Zhang, Jiehao, Zhang, Jielei, Zhang, Jingru, Zhang, Jinxian, Zhang, Junsong, Zhang, Junxing, Zhang, Lei, Zhang, Lei, Zhang, Liang, Zhang, Licheng, Zhang, Liming, Zhang, Linhao, Zhang, Luyan, Zhang, Mengchao, Zhang, Rao, Zhang, Shulei, Zhang, Wan, Zhang, Wenchao, Zhang, Xiangzhen, Zhang, Xiaomei, Zhang, Xiaoming, Zhang, Xiaoxu, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Zhang, Xuantong, Zhang, Xueyao, Zhang, Yang, Zhang, Yang, Zhang, Yanxi, Zhang, Yao, Zhang, Ying, Zhang, Yixiang, Zhang, Yizhou, Zhang, Yongchao, Zhang, Yu, Zhang, Yuan, Zhang, Yujie, Zhang, Yulei, Zhang, Yumei, Zhang, Yunlong, Zhang, Zhandong, Zhang, Zhaoru, Zhang, Zhen-Hua, Zhang, Zhenyu, Zhang, Zhichao, Zhang, Zhi-Qing, Zhang, Zhuo, Zhang, Zhiqing, Zhang, Cong, Zhang, Tianliang, Zhang, Luyan, Zhao, Guang, Zhao, Hongyun, Zhao, Jie, Zhao, Jingxia, Zhao, Jingyi, Zhao, Ling, Zhao, Luyang, Zhao, Mei, Zhao, Minggang, Zhao, Mingrui, Zhao, Qiang, Zhao, Ruiguang, Zhao, Tongxian, Zhao, Yaliang, Zhao, Ying, Zhao, Yue, Zhao, Zhiyu, Zhao, Zhuo, Zhemchugov, Alexey, Zheng, Hongjuan, Zheng, Jinchao, Zheng, Liang, Zheng, Ran, zheng, shanxi, Zheng, Xu-Chang, Zhile, Wang, Zhong, Weicai, Zhong, Yi-Ming, Zhou, Chen, Zhou, Daicui, Zhou, Jianxin, Zhou, Jing, Zhou, Jing, Zhou, Ning, Zhou, Qi-Dong, Zhou, Shiyu, Zhou, Shun, Zhou, Sihong, Zhou, Xiang, Zhou, Xingyu, Zhou, Yang, Zhou, Yong, Zhou, Yu-Feng, Zhou, Zusheng, Zhou, Demin, Zhu, Dechong, Zhu, Hongbo, Zhu, Huaxing, Zhu, Jingya, Zhu, Kai, Zhu, Pengxuan, Zhu, Ruilin, Zhu, Xianglei, Zhu, Yingshun, Zhu, Yongfeng, Zhuang, Xiao, Zhuang, Xuai, Zobov, Mikhail, Zong, Zhanguo, Zou, Cong, and Zou, Hongying
Published: 2025
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26. Hardware-efficient quantum error correction via concatenated bosonic qubits

Author: Putterman, Harald, Noh, Kyungjoo, Hann, Connor T., MacCabe, Gregory S., Aghaeimeibodi, Shahriar, Patel, Rishi N., Lee, Menyoung, Jones, William M., Moradinejad, Hesam, Rodriguez, Roberto, Mahuli, Neha, Rose, Jefferson, Owens, John Clai, Levine, Harry, Rosenfeld, Emma, Reinhold, Philip, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Alcid, Joshua Ari, Alidoust, Nasser, Arrangoiz-Arriola, Patricio, Barnett, James, Bienias, Przemyslaw, Carson, Hugh A., Chen, Cliff, Chen, Li, Chinkezian, Harutiun, Chisholm, Eric M., Chou, Ming-Han, Clerk, Aashish, Clifford, Andrew, Cosmic, R., Curiel, Ana Valdes, Davis, Erik, DeLorenzo, Laura, D’Ewart, J. Mitchell, Diky, Art, D’Souza, Nathan, Dumitrescu, Philipp T., Eisenmann, Shmuel, Elkhouly, Essam, Evenbly, Glen, Fang, Michael T., Fang, Yawen, Fling, Matthew J., Fon, Warren, Garcia, Gabriel, Gorshkov, Alexey V., Grant, Julia A., Gray, Mason J., Grimberg, Sebastian, Grimsmo, Arne L., Haim, Arbel, Hand, Justin, He, Yuan, Hernandez, Mike, Hover, David, Hung, Jimmy S. C., Hunt, Matthew, Iverson, Joe, Jarrige, Ignace, Jaskula, Jean-Christophe, Jiang, Liang, Kalaee, Mahmoud, Karabalin, Rassul, Karalekas, Peter J., Keller, Andrew J., Khalajhedayati, Amirhossein, Kubica, Aleksander, Lee, Hanho, Leroux, Catherine, Lieu, Simon, Ly, Victor, Madrigal, Keven Villegas, Marcaud, Guillaume, McCabe, Gavin, Miles, Cody, Milsted, Ashley, Minguzzi, Joaquin, Mishra, Anurag, Mukherjee, Biswaroop, Naghiloo, Mahdi, Oblepias, Eric, Ortuno, Gerson, Pagdilao, Jason, Pancotti, Nicola, Panduro, Ashley, Paquette, JP, Park, Minje, Peairs, Gregory A., Perello, David, Peterson, Eric C., Ponte, Sophia, Preskill, John, Qiao, Johnson, Refael, Gil, Resnick, Rachel, Retzker, Alex, Reyna, Omar A., Runyan, Marc, Ryan, Colm A., Sahmoud, Abdulrahman, Sanchez, Ernesto, Sanil, Rohan, Sankar, Krishanu, Sato, Yuki, Scaffidi, Thomas, Siavoshi, Salome, Sivarajah, Prasahnt, Skogland, Trenton, Su, Chun-Ju, Swenson, Loren J., Teo, Stephanie M., Tomada, Astrid, Torlai, Giacomo, Wollack, E. Alex, Ye, Yufeng, Zerrudo, Jessica A., Zhang, Kailing, Brandão, Fernando G. S. L., Matheny, Matthew H., and Painter, Oskar
Abstract: To solve problems of practical importance1,2, quantum computers probably need to incorporate quantum error correction, in which a logical qubit is redundantly encoded in many noisy physical qubits3, 4–5. The large physical-qubit overhead associated with error correction motivates the search for more hardware-efficient approaches6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17–18. Here, using a superconducting quantum circuit19, we realize a logical qubit memory formed from the concatenation of encoded bosonic cat qubits with an outer repetition code of distance d= 5 (ref. 10). A stabilizing circuit passively protects cat qubits against bit flips20, 21, 22, 23–24. The repetition code, using ancilla transmons for syndrome measurement, corrects cat qubit phase flips. We study the performance and scaling of the logical qubit memory, finding that the phase-flip correcting repetition code operates below the threshold. The logical bit-flip error is suppressed with increasing cat qubit mean photon number, enabled by our realization of a cat-transmon noise-biased CX gate. The minimum measured logical error per cycle is on average 1.75(2)% for the distance-3 code sections, and 1.65(3)% for the distance-5 code. Despite the increased number of fault locations of the distance-5 code, the high degree of noise bias preserved during error correction enables comparable performance. These results, where the intrinsic error suppression of the bosonic encodings enables us to use a hardware-efficient outer error-correcting code, indicate that concatenated bosonic codes can be a compelling model for reaching fault-tolerant quantum computation.
Published: 2025
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27. Novel Salting-Out-Assisted Liquid–Liquid Extraction for Efficient γ-Valerolactone Recovery from Aqueous Solutions

Author: Lorenzi, Leonardo, Fabbrizi, Giacomo, Gelosia, Mattia, and Nicolini, Andrea
Abstract: Different techniques were proposed to recover γ-valerolactone (GVL) from aqueous solutions (e.g., supercritical CO2and distillation), but high equipment and operational costs as well as the high-boiling polar nature of this organic solvent have limited its industrial usage. As an example, GVL has garnered attention as a sustainable solvent in lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment through organosolv, producing a cellulose-rich pulp, xylan-derived aqueous solution, and lignin-rich organic phase. The main drawback in this application is the elevated organic solvent consumption, which is responsible for the high cost and environmental impacts of the process. To address these issues, we proposed a novel, low-cost, high-efficiency, salting-out-assisted liquid–liquid extraction method to recover GVL from an organosolv-like solution. The solution containing glucose (0.19% w/w), xylose (1.03% w/w), H2SO4(1.27% w/w), and GVL (55.54% w/w) was separated into organic and aqueous phases using NaCl and Na2SO4. In the organic phase, GVL concentrations of 84.9 ± 0.2% with NaCl and 80.1 ± 0.3% with Na2SO4were achieved, while GVL recovery reached 92.0 ± 0.3 and 99.0 ± 0.6%, respectively. In the aqueous phase, glucose and xylose recoveries of 86.49 ± 0.4 and 88.2 ± 0.3% were, respectively, obtained with Na2SO4. To further enhance sustainability, approximately 30% of Na2SO4dissolved in the aqueous phase was removed through refrigeration. Finally, a proper organosolv solution was tested to assess the efficacy of the proposed process. The proposed novel method, using Na2SO4, achieved similar or better recoveries compared to classical techniques such as supercritical CO2and distillation. To conclude, this method could lower the cost barrier, making the use of the GVL aqueous solution economically sustainable.
Published: 2025
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28. Asteroid mining: ACT&Friends’ results for the GTOC12 problem

Author: Izzo, Dario, Märtens, Marcus, Beauregard, Laurent, Bannach, Max, Acciarini, Giacomo, Blazquez, Emmanuel, Hadjiivanov, Alexander, Grover, Jai, Heißel, Gernot, Shimane, Yuri, and Yam, Chit Hong
Abstract: In 2023, the 12th edition of Global Trajectory Competition was organized around the problem referred to as “Sustainable Asteroid Mining”. This paper reports the developments that led to the solution proposed by ESA’s Advanced Concepts Team. Beyond the fact that the proposed approach failed to rank higher than fourth in the final competition leader-board, several innovative fundamental methodologies were developed which have a broader application. In particular, new methods based on machine learning as well as on manipulating the fundamental laws of astrodynamics were developed and able to fill with remarkable accuracy the gap between full low-thrust trajectories and their representation as impulsive Lambert transfers. A novel technique was devised to formulate the challenge of optimal subset selection from a repository of pre-existing optimal mining trajectories as an integer linear programming problem. Finally, the fundamental problem of searching for single optimal mining trajectories (mining and collecting all resources), albeit ignoring the possibility of having intra-ship collaboration and thus sub-optimal in the case of the GTOC12 problem, was efficiently solved by means of a novel search based on a look-ahead score and thus making sure to select asteroids that had chances to be re-visited later on.
Published: 2025
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29. Fine-Grained QoS Control via Tightly-Coupled Bandwidth Monitoring and Regulation for FPGA-Based Heterogeneous SoCs

Author: Valente, Giacomo, Brilli, Gianluca, Mascio, Tania Di, Capotondi, Alessandro, Burgio, Paolo, Valente, Paolo, and Marongiu, Andrea
Abstract: Commercial embedded systems increasingly rely on heterogeneous architectures that integrate general-purpose, multi-core processors, and various hardware accelerators on the same chip. This provides the high performance required by modern applications at a low cost and low power consumption, but at the same time poses new challenges. Hardware resource sharing at various levels, and in particular at the main memory controller level, results in slower execution time for the application tasks, ultimately making the system unpredictable from the point of view of timing. To enable the adoption of heterogeneous systems-on-chip (System on Chips (SoCs)) in the domain of timing-critical applications several hardware and software approaches have been proposed, bandwidth regulation based on monitoring and throttling being one of the most widely adopted. Existing solutions, however, are either too coarse-grained, limiting the control over computing engines activities, or strongly platform-dependent, addressing the problem only for specific SoCs. This article proposes an innovative approach that can accurately control main memory bandwidth usage in FPGA-based heterogeneous SoCs. In particular, it controls system bandwidth by connecting a runtime bandwidth regulation component to FPGA-based accelerators. Our solution offers dynamically configurable, fine-grained bandwidth regulation – to adapt to the varying requirements of the application over time – at a very low overhead. Furthermore, it is entirely platform-independent, capable of integration with any FPGA-based accelerator. Developed at the register-transfer level using a reference SoC platform, it is designed for easy compatibility with any FPGA-based SoC. Experimental results conducted on the Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ platform demonstrate that our approach (i) is more than $100\times$100× faster than loosely-coupled, software controlled regulators; (ii) is capable of exploiting the system bandwidth 28.7% more efficiently than tightly-coupled hardware regulators (e.g., ARM CoreLink QoS-400, where available); (iii) enables task co-scheduling solutions not feasible with state-of-the-art bandwidth regulation methods.
Published: 2025
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30. Minimally Invasive Gastrectomy

Author: Waller, Giacomo C., Khan, Tahsin M., and Correa-Gallego, Camilo
Abstract: The surgical management of gastric cancer has changed significantly from the first open partial gastrectomy in 1881 to contemporary minimally invasive approaches. The approach has shifted from open surgeries to laparoscopic and robotic-assisted gastrectomies, with evidence of reduced pain, quicker recovery, and lower morbidity with these methods. Multiple randomized trials have confirmed that laparoscopic surgeries yield oncologically safe results. Moreover, robotic surgeries, while more expensive, provide similar outcomes with some procedural benefits. Herein, we discuss surgical techniques, preoperative planning, and postprocedure care, emphasizing the role of careful clinical assessment and tailored surgical approaches based on tumor location and patient condition.
Published: 2025
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31. Spectral Design of Nano-Cerates for Emerging Passive Radiative Cooling Technologies: Theory Boosts Experiments

Author: Borghesi, Costanza, Bondi, Roberto, Marchini, Francesco, Fabiani, Claudia, Latterini, Loredana, Castelli, Ivano Eligio, Pisello, Anna Laura, and Giorgi, Giacomo
Abstract: Cerate nanoceramics have been recently considered to be key materials for radiative thermal management and enhanced solar reflectance. Herein, we demonstrate by means of first-principles density functional theory calculations how experimentally prepared La2Ce2O7and Al2Ce2O7materials with defective fluorite structure exhibit superior temperature stability, strong UV–vis/near-infrared reflectance, and tunable mid-infrared emissivity, thus representing excellent host matrices for doping-controlled chromatic and thermal properties. By means of phonon dispersion analysis, we demonstrate how disorder and aluminum impurities induce locally distorted chemical environments that can be exploited for achieving selective infrared emittance for passive radiative cooling devices.
Published: 2025
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32. Evaluation of Myocarditis in Patients With Still Disease: Clinical Findings From the Multicenter International AIDA Network Still Disease Registry

Author: Ruscitti, Piero, Di Cola, Ilenia, Vitale, Antonio, Caggiano, Valeria, Palumbo, Pierpaolo, Di Cesare, Ernesto, Torres-Ruiz, Jiram, Guaracha-Basañez, Guillermo Arturo, Martín-Nares, Eduardo, Ciccia, Francesco, Iacono, Daniela, Riccio, Flavia, Maggio, Maria Cristina, Tharwat, Samar, Hashad, Soad, Rigante, Donato, Ortolan, Augusta, Mayrink Giardini, Henrique A., de Brito Antonelli, Isabele Parente, Cordeiro, Rafael Alves, Giacomelli, Roberto, Navarini, Luca, Berardicurti, Onorina, Conforti, Alessandro, Opris-Belinski, Daniela, Sota, Jurgen, Gaggiano, Carla, Lopalco, Giuseppe, Iannone, Fiorenzo, La Torre, Francesco, Mastrorilli, Violetta, Govoni, Marcello, Ruffilli, Francesca, Emmi, Giacomo, Biancalana, Edoardo, Sfikakis, Petros P., Tektonidou, Maria, Hernández-Rodríguez, José, Gómez-Caverzaschi, Verónica, Gu¨ndu¨z, O¨zgu¨l Soysal, Conti, Giovanni, Patroniti, Serena, Gidaro, Antonio, Bartoli, Arianna, Olivieri, Alma Nunzia, Gicchino, M. Francesca, Brucato, Antonio Luca, Dagna, Lorenzo, Tomelleri, Alessandro, Campochiaro, Corrado, De Paulis, Amato, Mormile, Ilaria, Della Casa, Francesca, Direskeneli, Haner, Alibaz-Oner, Fatma, Karamanakos, Anastasios, Dimouli, Aikaterini, Ragab, Gaafar, Mahmoud, Ayman Abdelmonem Ahmed, Tufan, Abdurrahman, Kucuk, Hamit, Kardas, Riza, Batu, Ezgi D., Ozen, Seza, Wiesik-Szewczyk, Ewa, Hinojosa-Azaola, Andrea, Balistreri, Alberto, Fabiani, Claudia, Frediani, Bruno, and Cantarini, Luca
Abstract: ObjectiveWe aimed to (1) evaluate the cardiac involvement, with a focus on myocarditis, in patients with Still disease included in the multicenter Autoinflammatory Disease Alliance (AIDA) Network Still disease registry; and (2) assess the predictive factors for myocarditis by deriving a clinical risk patient profile for this severe manifestation.MethodsA multicenter observational study was established, in which consecutive patients with Still disease in the AIDA Network Still disease registry were characterized by cardiac involvement. Cardiac involvement was defined according to the presence of pericarditis, tamponade, myocarditis, and/or aseptic endocarditis.ResultsIn total, 73 patients with Still disease and cardiac involvement were assessed (mean age 36.3 [SD 19.9] years; male sex, 42.5%), out of which 21.9% were children. The most common cardiac manifestation was pericarditis, occurring in 90.4% of patients; patients also presented with myocarditis (26%), and less frequently endocarditis (2.7%) and tamponade (1.4%). In comparing clinical features of patients with myocarditis to those without, significantly increased frequencies of skin rash and pleuritis, as well as higher systemic scores, were seen. Further, a higher mortality rate was shown in patients with myocarditis. In regression models, skin rash and the systemic score independently predicted the myocarditis.ConclusionThe characteristics of patients with Still disease and cardiac involvement were assessed in the AIDA Network. The most common feature was the pericarditis, but a more severe clinical picture was also reported in patients with myocarditis. The latter was associated with increased mortality rate and higher systemic score, identifying patients who should be carefully managed.
Published: 2025
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33. A neoantigen vaccine generates antitumour immunity in renal cell carcinoma

Author: Braun, David A., Moranzoni, Giorgia, Chea, Vipheaviny, McGregor, Bradley A., Blass, Eryn, Tu, Chloe R., Vanasse, Allison P., Forman, Cleo, Forman, Juliet, Afeyan, Alexander B., Schindler, Nicholas R., Liu, Yiwen, Li, Shuqiang, Southard, Jackson, Chang, Steven L., Hirsch, Michelle S., LeBoeuf, Nicole R., Olive, Oriol, Mehndiratta, Ambica, Greenslade, Haley, Shetty, Keerthi, Klaeger, Susan, Sarkizova, Siranush, Pedersen, Christina B., Mossanen, Matthew, Carulli, Isabel, Tarren, Anna, Duke-Cohan, Joseph, Howard, Alexis A., Iorgulescu, J. Bryan, Shim, Bohoon, Simon, Jeremy M., Signoretti, Sabina, Aster, Jon C., Elagina, Liudmila, Carr, Steven A., Leshchiner, Ignaty, Getz, Gad, Gabriel, Stacey, Hacohen, Nir, Olsen, Lars R., Oliveira, Giacomo, Neuberg, Donna S., Livak, Kenneth J., Shukla, Sachet A., Fritsch, Edward F., Wu, Catherine J., Keskin, Derin B., Ott, Patrick A., and Choueiri, Toni K.
Abstract: Personalized cancer vaccines (PCVs) can generate circulating immune responses against predicted neoantigens1, 2, 3, 4, 5–6. However, whether such responses can target cancer driver mutations, lead to immune recognition of a patient’s tumour and result in clinical activity are largely unknown. These questions are of particular interest for patients who have tumours with a low mutational burden. Here we conducted a phase I trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02950766) to test a neoantigen-targeting PCV in patients with high-risk, fully resected clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC; stage III or IV) with or without ipilimumab administered adjacent to the vaccine. At a median follow-up of 40.2 months after surgery, none of the 9 participants enrolled in the study had a recurrence of RCC. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. All patients generated T cell immune responses against the PCV antigens, including to RCC driver mutations in VHL, PBRM1, BAP1, KDM5Cand PIK3CA. Following vaccination, there was a durable expansion of peripheral T cell clones. Moreover, T cell reactivity against autologous tumours was detected in seven out of nine patients. Our results demonstrate that neoantigen-targeting PCVs in high-risk RCC are highly immunogenic, capable of targeting key driver mutations and can induce antitumour immunity. These observations, in conjunction with the absence of recurrence in all nine vaccinated patients, highlights the promise of PCVs as effective adjuvant therapy in RCC.
Published: 2025
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34. Choriocapillaris flow in two different patterns of exudative type 1 macular neovascularization

Author: Viggiano, Pasquale, Demirel, Sibel, Petruzzella, Giovanni, Pignataro, Mariagrazia, Boscia, Giacomo, Clemente, Arcangelo, Borrelli, Enrico, Reibaldi, Michele, Alessio, Giovanni, Chhablani, Jay, and Boscia, Francesco
Abstract: Background: To compare the characteristics of type 1 macular neovascularization (MNV) and the surrounding choriocapillaris (CC) perfusion in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) versus those with pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA). Methods: This retrospective study included 64 treatment-naïve eyes (37 nAMD, 27 PNV) with type 1 MNV. SS-OCTA images were analysed to measure MNV area and perimeter, and CC flow deficits (FD) in five concentric rings surrounding the lesion. CC FD percentage (FD%), area (FDa), and number (FDn) were quantified. Intervortex anastomoses presence was also assessed. Results: MNV lesions in nAMD were significantly larger in area (2.94 vs 1.56 mm², p= 0.013) and perimeter (8.76 vs 5.85 mm, p= 0.004) compared to PNV. PNV eyes showed higher FD% and larger FDa across all rings (p< 0.05), while FDn did not differ significantly. Intervortex anastomoses were more prevalent in PNV (81.5% vs 35.1%, p= 0.0002). In nAMD, MNV size correlated positively with FD% in inner rings and FDn in all rings. In PNV, MNV size correlated only with FDn. Conclusions: Despite smaller MNV lesions, PNV eyes demonstrated more extensive CC flow deficits compared to nAMD. The distinct CC flow patterns and their correlations with MNV characteristics suggest different pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these conditions. These findings may have implications for differential diagnosis and tailored treatment approaches in nAMD and PNV.
Published: 2025
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35. Retinal OCT biomarkers associated with reading performance in patients with persistent vs. resolved diabetic macular edema

Author: Ricardi, Federico, Reccalenda, Ilaria, Boscia, Giacomo, Gelormini, Francesco, Cimorosi, Francesca, Novarese, Cristina, Marolo, Paola, Parisi, Guglielmo, Bandello, Francesco, Borrelli, Enrico, and Reibaldi, Michele
Abstract: Background Recent advancements in imaging technologies, particularly structural optical coherence tomography (OCT), have improved the understanding of diabetic macular edema (DME) pathophysiology and provided valuable biomarkers for disease progression and visual outcomes. This prospective study aimed to investigate the association between specific retinal biomarkers identified through OCT imaging and reading performance metrics in patients with previously treated persistent versus resolved DME and good visual acuity.Methods Forty-nine eyes from 35 patients with a history of DME were enrolled. Reading performance was assessed using the Radner reading charts, which include standardized sentences with geometrically progressing print sizes. Structural alterations in the inner and outer retina, as well as the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), were graded based on OCT images.Results Reading performance, measured as maximum reading speed, was associated with specific retinal biomarkers. The disruption of the ellipsoid zone (EZ) in the parafoveal region and the presence of disorganization of the inner retinal layers (DRIL) in the parafovea were correlated with reduced reading speed. These associations were independent of the presence of intraretinal or subretinal fluid.Conclusions Understanding the relationship between retinal biomarkers and reading performance could contribute to a comprehensive evaluation of visual function and quality of life in patients with DME, leading to better management strategies and treatment outcomes.
Published: 2025
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36. Predictors of parenchymal hematoma and clinical outcome after mechanical thrombectomy in patients with large ischemic core due to large vessel occlusion: a retrospective multicenter study

Author: Alexandre, Andrea M, Scarcia, Luca, Brunetti, Valerio, Scala, Irene, Kalsoum, Erwah, Valente, Iacopo, Camilli, Arianna, De Leoni, Davide, Colò, Francesca, Frisullo, Giovanni, Piano, Mariangela, Rollo, Claudia, Macera, Antonio, Ruggiero, Maria, Lafe, Elvis, Gabrieli, Joseph D, Cester, Giacomo, Limbucci, Nicola, Arba, Francesco, Ferretti, Simone, Da Ros, Valerio, Bellini, Luigi, Salsano, Giancarlo, Mavilio, Nicola, Russo, Riccardo, Bergui, Mauro, Caragliano, Antonio A, Vinci, Sergio L, Romano, Daniele G, Frauenfelder, Giulia, Semeraro, Vittorio, Ganimede, Maria P, Lozupone, Emilio, Romi, Andrea, Cavallini, Anna, Milonia, Luca, Muto, Massimo, Giordano, Flavio, Cirillo, Luigi, Calabresi, Paolo, Pedicelli, Alessandro, and Broccolini, Aldobrando
Abstract: BackgroundThe aim of our study was to find predictors of parenchymal hematoma (PH) and clinical outcome after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) and baseline large infarct.MethodsThe databases of 16 stroke centers were retrospectively screened for patients with anterior circulation LVO and baseline Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) ≤5 that received MT. Procedural parameters, including the number of passes during first and second technique of MT, were recorded. Outcome measures were occurrence of PH type 2 and any type of PH after MT, and the 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0–3 and 0–2.ResultsIn total, 408 patients were available for analysis. A higher number of passes in the second technique was predictive of PH type 2 (odds ratio (OR) - 3.204, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.140 to 9.005), whereas procedure conducted under general anesthesia was associated with lower risk (OR 0.127, 95% CI 0.002 to 0.808). The modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grade 2c-3 was associated with the mRS score 0–3 (OR 3.373, 95% CI 1.891 to 6.017), whereas occurrence of PH type 2 was predictive of unfavorable outcome (OR 0.221, 95% CI 0.063 to 0.773). Similar results were found for the mRS score 0–2 outcome measure.ConclusionIn patients with large ischemic core, a higher number of passes during MT and procedure not conducted under general anesthesia are associated with increased rate of PH type 2, that negatively impact the clinical outcome. Our data outline a delicate balance between the need of a complete recanalization and the risk of PH following MT.
Published: 2025
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37. Well-Being and Mental Health

Author: Nibbio, Gabriele, Calzavara-Pinton, Irene, Barlati, Stefano, Necchini, Nicola, Bertoni, Lorenzo, Lisoni, Jacopo, Stanga, Valentina, Deste, Giacomo, Turrina, Cesare, and Vita, Antonio
Abstract: Mental health encompasses the ability to cope with important stresses of life and to realize one's abilities in the community, and the COVID-19 pandemic represented a very stressful event for people with mental illnesses. Our aim was to assess mental well-being in people living with different mental disorders, comparing results obtained in 2016 with those observed after the COVID-19 pandemic. Ninety-six participants were assessed using the Mental Health Continuum Short Form and classified as “flourishing,” “moderately mentally healthy,” and “languishing.” Overall, a significant increase in the prevalence of “flourishing” and “moderately mentally healthy” subjects and a reduction of “languishing” subjects (p= 0.003) were observed. However, a significant improvement in well-being (p= 0.005) was observed only in the schizophrenia spectrum disorder group. Moreover, only subjects that never contracted SARS-CoV-2 showed a significant (p= 0.019) increase in positive well-being states. Lockdowns may have led caregivers to spend more time with the participants, also increasing treatment adherence, resulting in an improvement of overall well-being in several participants.
Published: 2025
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38. Statin use and long-term risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage: the MUCH-Italy

Author: Pezzini, Alessandro, Tarantino, Barbara, Zedde, Maria Luisa, Marcheselli, Simona, Silvestrelli, Giorgio, Ciccone, Alfonso, Delodovici, Maria Luisa, Princiotta Cariddi, Lucia, Vidale, Simone, Paciaroni, Maurizio, Azzini, Cristiano, Padroni, Marina, Gamba, Massimo, Magoni, Mauro, Del Sette, Massimo, Tassi, Rossana, de Franco, Ivo Giuseppe, Cavallini, Anna, Calabrò, Rocco Salvatore, Cappellari, Manuel, Giorli, Elisa, Giacalone, Giacomo, Lodigiani, Corrado, Zenorini, Mara, Valletta, Francesco, Pascarella, Rosario, Abrignani, Giorgia, Castellini, Paola, Genovese, Antonio, Latte, Lilia, Trapasso, Maria Claudia, Grisendi, Ilaria, Assenza, Federica, Napoli, Manuela, Moratti, Claudio, Beccattini, Sofia, Acampa, Maurizio, Valzania, Franco, Grassi, Mario, and Gentilini, Davide
Abstract: BackgroundWhether statin use after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) increases the risk of recurrent ICH is uncertain.MethodsIn the setting of the Multicentric Study on Cerebral Haemorrhage in Italy we followed up a cohort of 30-day ICH survivors, consecutively admitted from January 2002 to July 2014, to assess whether the use of statins after the acute event is associated with recurrent cerebral bleeding.Results1623 patients (mean age, 73.9±10.3 years; males, 55.9%) qualified for the analysis. After a median follow-up of 40.5 months (25th to 75th percentile, 67.7) statin use was not associated with increased risk of recurrent ICH either in the whole study group (adjusted HR, 0.99; 95% CI 0.64 to 1.53) or in the subgroups defined by haematoma location (deep ICH, adjusted HR, 0.74; 95% CI 0.35 to 1.57; lobar ICH, adjusted HR, 1.09; 95% CI 0.62 to 1.90), intensity of statins (low-moderate intensity statins, adjusted HR, 0.93; 95% CI 0.58 to 1.49; high-intensity statins, adjusted HR, 1.48; 95% CI 0.66 to 3.31) and use of statins before the index event (adjusted HR, 0.66; 95% CI 0.38 to 1.17).ConclusionsStatin use appears to be unrelated to the risk of ICH recurrence.
Published: 2025
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39. International Multicenter Retrospective Study From the Ultra-rare Sarcoma Working Group on Low-grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma, Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma, and Hybrid Forms

Author: Giani, Claudia, Salawu, Abdulazeez, Ljevar, Silva, Denu, Ryan A., Napolitano, Andrea, Palmerini, Emanuela, Connolly, Elizabeth A., Ogura, Koichi, Wong, Daniel D., Scanferla, Roberto, Rosenbaum, Evan, Bajpai, Jyoti, Li, Zola Chia-Chen, Bae, Susie, D’Ambrosio, Lorenzo, Bialick, Steve, Wagner, Andrew J., Lee, Alexander T.J., Koseła-Paterczyk, Hanna, Baldi, Giacomo G., Brunello, Antonella, Lee, Yeh Chen, Loong, Herbert H., Boikos, Sosipatros, Campos, Fernando, Cicala, Carlo M., Maki, Robert G., Hindi, Nadia, Figura, Costanza, Almohsen, Shahd S., Patel, Sheyaskumar, Jones, Robin L., Ibrahim, Toni, Karim, Rooshdiya, Kawai, Akira, Carey-Smith, Richard, Boyle, Richard, Taverna, Silvia M., Lazar, Alexander J., Demicco, Elizabeth G., Bovee, Judith V.M.G., Dei Tos, Angelo P., Fletcher, Christopher, Baumhoer, Daniel, Sbaraglia, Marta, Schaefer, Inga-Marie, Miceli, Rosalba, Gronchi, Alessandro, and Stacchiotti, Silvia
Abstract: The aim of the study was to report the outcome of primary localized low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS), sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF), and hybrid LGFMS/SEF (H-LGFMS/SEF). Patients with primary localized LGFMS, SEF, or H-LGFMS/SEF, surgically treated with curative intent from January 2000 to September 2022, were enrolled from 14 countries and 27 institutions. Pathologic inclusion criteria were predefined by expert pathologists. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints were crude cumulative incidence (CCI) of local recurrence (LR), CCI of distant metastases (DM), and post-metastases OS (p-OS). Two hundred ninety-four patients (239 LGFMS, 32 SEF, and 23 H-LGFMS/SEF) were identified. At a median(m-) follow-up (FU) of 57.1 months, 12/294 patients died. The 5- and 10-year OS were 99.0% and 95.9% in LGFMS, 86.2% and 67.0% in SEF, and 84.8% and 84.8% in H-LGFMS/SEF, respectively. Predictors of worse OS included pathology, age at surgery, systemic therapy, and radiotherapy. LR developed in 13/294 (4.4%) patients. The observed m-time to LR was 10.7 months. The 5- and 10-yr CCI-LR were 4.7% in LGFMS and 6.6% in SEF, respectively. There were no LR events in H-LGFMS/SEF. The sole predictor of higher risk of LR was histology. DM developed in 23/294 (7.8%) patients. The observed m-time to DM was 28.2 months. The 5- and 10-yr CCI-DM were 1.3% and 2.7% in LGMFS, 29.9% and 57.7% in SEF, 48.9% and 48.9% in H-LGFMS/SEF, respectively. Predictors of higher risk of DM were histology, systemic therapy, and radiotherapy. Primary localized LGFMS treated with complete surgical resection has an excellent prognosis, while about 50% of H-LGFMS/SEF and SEF develop DM within 5 to 10 years. Very long-term FU is needed to understand absolute cure rates.
Published: 2025
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40. Short humeral stem in total shoulder arthroplasty does not jeopardize primary implant stability

Author: Galteri, Giulia, Montanari, Sara, Dozza, Giacomo, Palanca, Marco, and Cristofolini, Luca
Abstract: The trend of the modern humeral components in total shoulder arthroplasty is toward shorter and shorter humeral stems. However, the question remains whether short uncemented stems can provide the same implant stability as long stems. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the torsional primary stability and the pull-out extraction force of both a long and a short version of the same stem.
Published: 2025
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41. Prevalence of Diastolic and Systolic Mitral Annular Disjunction in Patients With Mitral Valve Prolapse

Author: Fiore, Giorgio, Rizza, Vincenzo, Ingallina, Giacomo, Ancona, Francesco, Stella, Stefano, Biondi, Federico, Cunsolo, Paola, Gaspardone, Carlo, Romagnolo, Davide, Tavernese, Annamaria, Belli, Martina, Margonato, Davide, Palmisano, Anna, Esposito, Antonio, Maisano, Francesco, Faletra, Francesco Fulvio, and Agricola, Eustachio
Abstract: Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) is commonly evaluated at end systole. However, a systolic-only disjunction is merely apparent, and 2 distinct phenotypes have been identified: True-MAD (atrial displacement of the posterior leaflet in diastole and systole) and Pseudo-MAD (apparent displacement in systole only). The prevalence of True-MAD and Pseudo-MAD in mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is not known. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of True-MAD and Pseudo-MAD in myxomatous MVP patients by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and to validate TTE compared to cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR; reference standards).
Published: 2025
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42. Multimodal imaging and histopathological evaluation in silicone oil keratopathy

Author: Ferrara, Mariantonia, Forbice, Eliana, Segala, Diego, Hau, Scott, Beschi, Giacomo, Morescalchi, Francesco, Romano, Mario R, Semeraro, Francesco, and Romano, Vito
Abstract: Purpose To describe features in silicone oil keratopathy using multimodal imaging and histopathological examination.Methods Case reportResult A 21-year-old male developed right corneal decompensation in the heavy SO (HSO)-filled eye. The patient underwent an initial lensectomy, pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and HSO tamponade due open-globe injury with corneal wound, lens damage and in two retained intravitreal glass foreign bodies, followed by a revisional PPV with HSO tamponade due to tractional detachment associated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy and epiretinal membrane. One month after the removal of HSO, ophthalmic examination of the right eye showed corneal decompensation. The AS-OCT showed corneal thickening, intrastromal scattered hyperreflective dots and large rounded/oval hyporeflective space; the latter were suggestive of emulsified HSO microbubbles and larger bubbles, respectively. In vivo confocal microscopy showed multiple presumed SO-related corneal changes, including hyper-reflective fibrotic changes in the basal epithelium, reduced density ans altered morphology of keratocytes cell population, increased pleomorphism and polymegathism of the endothelium with reduced endothelial cell, and presence of inflammatory cells. The patient underwent a penetrating keratoplasty, pupilloplasty and retropupillary iris-claw IOL implantation. The histopathological examination of the host corneal button showed Descemet's membrane irregularity and thickened corneal stroma with focal intrastromal silicone oil vacuoles, surrounded by macrophages.Conclusion We described for the first time intrastromal hyperreflective dots as a sign associated with SO-related keratopathy. Moreover, this case report supports the ability of emulsified SO to penetrate the cornea inducing a local low-grade chronic inflammation.
Published: 2025
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43. Meridional analysis for calculation of the toric power of phakic IOLs

Author: Buonsanti, Dante, Coutinho, Catarina P., Hoffer, Kenneth J, and Savini, Giacomo
Abstract: Purpose To present a reproducible method to calculate the toricity needed at the intraocular lens (IOL) plane with toric phakic IOLs (ICL, Staar Surgical) and compare its results with those obtained with the online calculator provided by the manufacturer.Design Retrospective case seriesSetting Private practice, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaMethods The formula originally described by Holladay to calculate the IOL power in phakic eyes was used to calculate the required spherical power along the less refractive meridian and along the more refractive meridian. Meridional analysis was applied to calculate the required toricity at the IOL plane and the surgically induced corneal astigmatism was incorporated into the calculations. The refractive cylinder predicted by this method and by the online calculator of the manufacturer were compared to the postoperative refractive cylinder by means of vector analysis. The possible changes in the ratio of toricity in patients with different amounts of astigmatism and anterior chamber depth are assessed in a theoretical section.Results In 35 eyes, the measured mean postoperative refractive cylinder was 0.09 D @ 99°, the mean predicted postoperative refractive astigmatism was 0.04 D @ 102° according to the manufacturer's online calculator and 0.09 D @100° according to our method. With both methods, 91.43% of eyes had an absolute cylinder prediction error within ±0.50 diopters.Conclusions The method described in this article to calculate the toricity of phakic IOLs has a refractive accuracy similar to that of the original calculator developed by the manufacturer.
Published: 2025
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44. Worsening of early DME after cataract surgery. The DICAT II Study report #2

Author: Pastore, Marco R., Vinciguerra, Alex Lucia, Mura, Giulia Dalla, Jabali, Abdallah El, Tognetto, Daniele, and Panozzo, Giacomo
Abstract: Purpose To analyse the long anatomical and functional outcome of a subgroup of the DICAT II study cohort, consisting of 26 patients undergoing cataract surgery and withdrawn from the study for a clinically significant worsening of early diabetic macular edema (DME).Materials Patients who underwent cataract surgery and withdrawn from the DICAT II study for a clinically significant worsening of early DME with at least 12 months follow–up after the dropout. The study population was divided into two groups according to the clinical evaluation at one-year follow-up: ongoing treatment patients for DME (Treatment group, TG) and patients no longer treated (Non Treatment group, NTG).Results Central foveal thickness (CFT) at baseline and dropout time were higher in TG than in the NTG, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). In addition, TG patients reported a higher levels of glycated hemoglobin at time baseline compared to NTG patients (7.81 ± 1.15 vs 7.02 ± 0.56; p = 0.048). The linear regression analysis demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between the visual acuity and the ongoing treatment group at one-year follow-up (p = 0.042).Conclusion The study provides parameters to be considered when assessing the risk of developing persistent DME after cataract surgery in diabetic patients. In particular, CFT at baseline and dropout time have been reported to be an effective and predictable OCT biomarkers when evaluating DME progression. During the evaluation of the systemic disease, similar results were found for the glycated hemoglobin at baseline.
Published: 2025
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45. MR Imaging Reveals Dynamic Aggregation of Multivalent Glycoconjugates in Aqueous Solution.

Author: Tang, Jian-Hong, Luo, Minrui, Tsao, Wilhelmina, Waters, Emily Alexandria, Parigi, Giacomo, Luchinat, Claudio, and Meade, Thomas J.
Published: 2024
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46. Bimodal Array-Based Fluorescence Sensor and Microfluidic Technology for Protein Fingerprinting and Clinical Diagnosis.

Author: Bosco, Monica Swetha, Naud-Martin, Delphine, Gonzalez-Galindo, Carlos, Auvray, Marie, Araya-Farias, Monica, Gropplero, Giacomo, Rozenholc, Yves, Topcu, Zeki, Gaucher, Jean-Francois, Tsatsaris, Vassilis, Descroix, Stéphanie, Mahuteau-Betzer, Florence, and Gagey-Eilstein, Nathalie
Published: 2024
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47. A Gold Rush: Designing Hydrogels for Selective Recovery in Wastewater Containing Mixed Metal Ions.

Author: Cinfrignini, Pamela, Boschetti, Alice, Ghini, Giacomo, Tenti, Alice, Plazanet, Marie, Martella, Daniele, and Torre, Renato
Published: 2024
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48. Trait emotional intelligence and adolescent psychological well-being: a systematic review.

Author: Mancini, Giacomo, Özal, Zeynep, Biolcati, Roberta, Trombini, Elena, and Petrides, Konstantinos V.
Subjects: EMOTIONAL intelligence, PSYCHOLOGICAL well-being, ADOLESCENT psychology
Abstract: Trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) has a protective role in adolescence, linked to better well-being and social interactions. However, research on these topics with adolescent samples is limited and has not yet been systematized in the field. The present work aims to scrutinize the extant trait EI literature and adolescent psychological well-being. Since operationalization is crucial for any EI model, the review focused on studies that used the adolescent forms of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). A search conducted in EBSCO Essentials, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and Psyc Articles in October 2023 identified 34 articles. Findings are discussed under five subsections: gender differences, psychological constructs, parental relations, scholastic constructs, and practice-oriented topics. The review corroborates the protective role of trait EI in adolescent psychological well-being. Future studies should aspire to extend research in cross-cultural settings with more rigorous designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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49. Toward a just circular economy: conceptualizing environmental labor and gender justice in circularity studies.

Author: Pansera, Mario, Barca, Stefania, Martinez Alvarez, Bibiana, Leonardi, Emanuele, D'Alisa, Giacomo, Meira, Teresa, and Guillibert, Paul
Subjects: SEXUAL division of labor, CIRCULAR economy, SOCIAL justice, SOCIAL scientists, ECOLOGICAL economics, ENVIRONMENTAL justice
Abstract: Over the past decade, the concept of circular economy (CE) has gained political traction as a potential solution to economy-environment tradeoffs. However, critical social scientists have raised concerns that CE may not address the root causes or consequences of environmental degradation, thus remaining ineffective. Concurring with this critique, this article highlights three constituent elements of the linear economy that remain unaddressed in CE frameworks: environmental, labor, and gender inequalities. Building upon scholarship from environmental justice, environmental labor studies, and feminist ecological economics, we elaborate a conceptual framework to interrogate the existing literature. Our analysis shows that current CE models 1) are mainly concerned with return on capital investment and sustained growth of gross domestic product (GDP) rather than with redressing the North/South inequalities embedded in the linear economy model; 2) present a limited perspective on labor, with a primary focus on the number of jobs to be created, rather than their quality, or workers' leadership; and 3) overlook gender inequalities and the sexual division of labor, thus reproducing the devaluation of care that lays at the roots of socioecological crises. We conclude by suggesting avenues for elaborating a "just circular economy" framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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50. Drones reduce the time to defibrillation in a highly visited non-urban area: A randomized simulation-based trial.

Author: van Veelen, Michiel J., Vinetti, Giovanni, Cappello, Tomas Dal, Eisendle, Frederik, Mejia-Aguilar, Abraham, Parin, Riccardo, Oberhammer, Rosmarie, Falla, Marika, and Strapazzon, Giacomo
Abstract: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has a high global incidence and mortality rate, with early defibrillation significantly improving survival. Our aim was to assess the feasibility of autonomous drone delivery of automated external defibrillators (AED) in a non-urban area with physical barriers and compare the time to defibrillate (TTD) with bystander retrieval from a public access defibrillator (PAD) point and helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) physician performed defibrillation. This randomized simulation-based trial with a cross-over design included bystanders performing AED retrievals either delivered by automated drone flight or on foot from a PAD point, and simulated HEMS interventions. The primary outcome was the time to defibrillation, with secondary outcomes comparing workload, perceived physical effort, and ease of use. Thirty-six simulations were performed. Drone-delivered AED intervention had a significantly shorter TTD [2.2 (95 % CI 2.0–2.3) min] compared to PAD retrieval [12.4 (95 % CI 10.4–14.4) min] and HEMS [18.2 (95 % CI 17.1–19.2) min]. The self-reported physical effort on a visual analogue scale for drone-delivered AED was significantly lower versus PAD [2.5 (1 – 22) mm vs. 81 (65–99) mm, p = 0.02]. The overall mean workload measured by NASA-TLX was also significantly lower for drone delivery compared to PAD [4.3 (1.2–11.7) vs. 11.9 (5.5–14.5), p = 0.018]. The use of drones for automated AED delivery in a non-urban area with physical barriers is feasible and leads to a shorter time to defibrillation. Drone-delivered AEDs also involve a lower workload and perceived physical effort than AED retrieval on foot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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