Search

Metabolic syndrome is one of the most frequent diseases with the augmentation of the rapid changes in societies’ lifestyles. On the other hand, various medicinal plants have recently been extensively used for plentiful therapeutics. Among these, curcumin and turmeric are the main components derived from the rhizome of plants, with significant effects on preventing metabolic syndromes. Due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, the biological activities of turmeric and its bioactive element, curcumin, have antidiabetic properties via augmenting insulin release and anti-hyperlipidemia effects via enhancing fatty acids uptake, anti-obesity properties via declining lipogenesis, and antihypertensive properties via augmenting nitric oxide synthesis. Moreover, the dietary presence of turmeric and its bioactive element, curcumin, significantly affected poultry productivity, health and welfare. According to human and animal trials, turmeric or curcumin has important values as dietary supplementation and complementary therapy in some metabolic syndromes. This scenario highlights on the potential effects of curcumin (turmeric) on poultry health and its role in complementary therapy in metabolic syndrome. Additional high-quality clinical trial investigations are required to establish the clinical efficiency of the curcumin complement confidently.

The significant outcome of bariatric surgery (BS) is weight loss, which may be affected by many factors, such as initial body weight before surgery, sex, and dietary intake. Moreover, rapid weight loss is associated with an increased incidence of postsurgical cholelithiasis. To investigate the observed weight loss outcomes during the first year after BS, we investigated the factors that may influence weight loss and to detect the efficacy of prophylactic ursodeoxycholic acid against gallstone formation. This was a retrospective cohort study of all patients with morbid obesity who underwent BS in the hospital and completed a 1-year follow up. Patients with a previous BS or a history of cholecystectomy before BS were excluded. Data were extracted from the medical records at multiple postoperative intervals. There was significant weight loss in terms of percentage of excess weight loss and reduction in body mass index postoperative. A significant correlation was found between the percent of excess weight loss and age, initial body mass index, and initial weight, but there was no significant correlation with sex or type of surgery. The incidence of postoperative cholecystectomy is almost negligible. A significant association was found between age and weight loss after BS. ursodeoxycholic acid is an effective prophylaxis to decrease the incidence of cholecystectomy after BS.

Context:Postprandial triglyceride (TG) concentration is independently associated with cardiovascular disease risk. Exercise reduces postprandial TG concentrations, but the mechanisms responsible are unclear.Objective:The objective was to determine the effects of exercise on affinity of chylomicrons, large very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL1), and smaller VLDL (VLDL2) for lipoprotein lipase (LPL)-mediated TG hydrolysis.Design:This was designed as a within-participant crossover study.Setting:The setting was a university metabolic investigation unit.Participants:Participants were 10 overweight/obese men.Interventions:Participants undertook two oral fat tolerance tests, separated by 7–14 days, in which they had blood taken while fasting and for 4 hours after a high-fat mixed meal. On the afternoon before one test, they performed a 90-minute treadmill walk at 50% maximal oxygen uptake (exercise trial [EX]); no exercise was performed before the control trial (CON).Main Outcome Measures:We measured circulating TG-rich lipoprotein concentrations and affinity of chylomicrons, VLDL1, and VLDL2for LPL-mediated TG hydrolysis.Results:Exercise significantly reduced fasting VLDL1-TG concentration (CON, 0.49 [0.33–0.72] mmol.L-1; EX, 0.36 [0.22–0.59] mmol.L-1; geometric means [95% confidence interval]; P= .04). Time-averaged postprandial chylomicron-TG (CON, 0.55 ± 0.10 mmol.L-1; EX, 0.39 ± 0.08 mmol.L-1; mean ± SEM; P= .03) and VLDL1-TG (CON, 0.85 ± 0.13 mmol.L-1; EX, 0.66 ± 0.10 mmol.L-1; P= .01) concentrations were both lower in EX than CON. Affinity of VLDL1for LPL-mediated TG hydrolysis increased by 2.2 (1.3–3.7)-fold [geometric mean (95% confidence interval)] (P= .02) in the fasted state and 2.6 (1.8–2.6)-fold (P= .001) postprandially. Affinity of chylomicrons and VLDL2was not significantly different between trials.Conclusions:Exercise increases affinity of VLDL1for LPL-mediated TG hydrolysis both fasting and postprandially. This mechanism is likely to contribute to the TG-lowering effect of exercise.