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In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, social, cultural and political change were mediated through sibling networks. During this period in Australia, no middle-class family was more culturally influential than the Lindsay family, many of whom became internationally renowned artists and writers. This paper examines the Lindsays' sibling bonds from childhood into adulthood and explores how the social relationships and networks created between the siblings acted as cultural incubators. The Australian settler-colonial context provides a unique lens through which to understand the importance of sibling relationships throughout the life cycle, and speaks to broader patterns around the intense character of sibling relations during this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The years 1918/19 were frequently interpreted as a caesura and disruption in Austria's history. But one can also understand them as a time of societal-political starting points, where the search for new meanings intensified and old senses were re-phrased or newly interpreted. The dissolution of the k.(u.)k. Army and the installation of Soldiers' Councils created a scope of action to question the gendered military hierarchies between men. This article examines the discursive processes of negotiating military gender orders and conceptions of soldierly masculinities in times of societal and cultural transformation from war to peace, from monarchy to republic, and from a hierarchical to an at least imagined democratic society. The Volkswehr, which was established as a makeshift successor of the k.(u.)k. Army and dominated by the Austrian Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei (SDAP), was discursively designed as an antimilitaristic, democratic, and republican army between 1918 and 1920. A gender theoretical analysis of the weekly journal Der Freie Soldat illustrates the position and role of the Volkswehr, the Soldiers' Councils, and the Militärverband in postwar gender discourses. The social democratic discursive construction of military masculinity intertwined a male soldierly ideal with revolutionary, republican, and proletarianly charged meanings along with concepts of protective masculinity. How did this conception impact the understanding of categories of military discourses such as (male) comradeship and discipline? The differentiation of militarized gender orders during the 'Austrian Revolution' illustrates the complexity of negotiating gendered meanings and further complements the gender history of the First Austrian Republic. Also, it is necessary for a deeper understanding of processes of re/militarisation in the interwar period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista da Faculdade de Letras: História is the property of Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Letras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nagasaki was the locus of foreign trade in early modern Japan. One direct outgrowth of this trade was the development of a red-light district called Maruyama. This district had distinct differences from other such quarters in Japan because of the nature of its interactions. This article explores the reasons for the uniqueness of Nagasaki and the impact that this institution had and provides some agency to the women involved by emphasizing the contributions they made to Japanese culture. It also examines the meanings and impacts of the sex trade with non-Japanese traders on early modern Japan, as well as the specific nature of the brothels in Nagasaki. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From a gender history perspective and against the backdrop of auto/biographical theory, space and memory studies, this article deals with gendered debates, politics and cultural practise of (re)naming streets in urban contexts in general and with the Uhlirzgasse in Graz as a significant case study in particular. H. Zettelbauer and L. Matzer analyse the historical contexts of the street naming process as well as contemporary retrospective (re-)evaluations as negotiations of hegemonic (public) culture. They consider positionings and strategies of municipal protagonists in the 20th century on the one hand and civil society efforts such as feminist memory politics on the other. The latter has challenged successfully male-centred practises of street naming from the 1990ies onwards. The authors confront the life story of the Austrian historian Mathilde Uhlirz (1881-1966) with her self-narration and the dedication of the Uhlirzgasse in its twofold (re)interpretation: honouring Mathilde Uhlirz' father Karl and/or Mathilde Uhlirz herself. The case study reveals a complex intertwining of a problematic German-nationalist and Nazi past, the limited agency of a female pioneer as a scientific persona within a misogynous university structure, ambivalent gendered autobiographical narrative strategies and hegemonic public memory politics, which transform a non-coherent, non-linear and contradictory biography into a smooth life story that allows placatory public identification. The contribution pleads for a gender critical reflection of biographical knowledge production - not only in scientific contexts but also in public history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From a gender history perspective and against the backdrop of auto/biographical theory, space and memory studies, this article deals with gendered debates, politics and cultural practise of (re)naming streets in urban contexts in general and with the Uhlirzgasse in Graz as a significant case study in particular. H. Zettelbauer and L. Matzer analyse the historical contexts of the street naming process as well as contemporary retrospective (re-)evaluations as negotiations of hegemonic (public) culture. They consider positionings and strategies of municipal protagonists in the 20th century on the one hand and civil society efforts such as feminist memory politics on the other. The latter has challenged successfully male-centred practises of street naming from the 1990ies onwards. The authors confront the life story of the Austrian historian Mathilde Uhlirz (1881-1966) with her self-narration and the dedication of the Uhlirzgasse in its twofold (re)interpretation: honouring Mathilde Uhlirz' father Karl and/or Mathilde Uhlirz herself. The case study reveals a complex intertwining of a problematic German-nationalist and Nazi past, the limited agency of a female pioneer as a scientific persona withinamisogynous university structure, ambivalent gendered autobiographical narrative strategies and hegemonic public memory politics, which transform a non-coherent, non-linear and contradictory biography into a smooth life story that allows placatory public identification. The contribution pleads for a gender critical reflection of biographical knowledge production - not only in scientific contexts but also in public history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The masculine façade of the music Conservatoire belies the extent to which these establishments fostered close relationships between women. This article analyses the student cohorts of the Paris and St Petersburg Conservatoires in the early twentieth century, to show that women made up a formidable presence and created supportive communities within these institutional frameworks. It argues that these relationships not only facilitated women's involvement in public cultural life, but also impacted their private experience of music and listening, as illustrated by the close musical bond between sisters and conservatoire alumnae, Lili and Nadia Boulanger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Convictions for sodomy were rare in eighteenth-century Antwerp. Nevertheless, the scarce trial records offer afascinating insight into the urban perception of sodomy as a foreign phenomenon. A sodomy trial involving several Dutch migrants infused anxieties about sodomite conspiracies across the city. Although early modern sodomy has mainly been studied from alocal or national point of view, this article shows that atransregional perspective regarding the repression of sodomy can shed new light on attitudes towards early modern deviant sexuality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The years 1918/19 were frequently interpreted as a caesura and disruption in Austria's history. But one can also understand them as a time of societal-political starting points, where the search for new meanings intensified and old senses were re-phrased or newly interpreted. The dissolution of the k.(u.)k. Army and the installation of Soldiers' Councils created a scope of action to question the gendered military hierarchies between men. This article examines the discursive processes of negotiating military gender orders and conceptions of soldierly masculinities in times of societal and cultural transformation from war to peace, from monarchy to republic, and from a hierarchical to an at least imagined democratic society. The Volkswehr, which was established as a makeshift successor of the k.(u.)k. Army and dominated by the Austrian Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei (SDAP), was discursively designed as an antimilitaristic, democratic, and republican army between 1918 and 1920. A gender theoretical analysis of the weekly journal Der Freie Soldat illustrates the position and role of the Volkswehr, the Soldiers' Councils, and the Militärverband in postwar gender discourses. The social democratic discursive construction of military masculinity intertwined a male soldierly ideal with revolutionary, republican, and proletarianly charged meanings along with concepts of protective masculinity. How did this conception impact the understanding of categories of military discourses such as (male) comradeship and discipline? The differentiation of militarized gender orders during the 'Austrian Revolution' illustrates the complexity of negotiating gendered meanings and further complements the gender history of the First Austrian Republic. Also, it is necessary for a deeper understanding of processes of re/militarisation in the interwar period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Weimar Republic has an important place in the history of Germany democracy, but a recognition of the strength of German women's political cultures and their role in shaping the post-war political landscape has been elusive. Women's experiences in the First World War and Weimar Republic have been extensively discussed, but often in ways that threaten to erase women's political agency. Moreover, the seismic shift signalled by women's suffrage has not been foregrounded in accounts of democratic history, and women's roles in the revolution of 1918 have been largely overlooked. Taking a gender historical approach, this article makes women's political cultures visible in two arenas important for an understanding of the post-war era: women's suffrage and women's revolutionary activism. While the focus is on the German national context, it is important to note that German women's organisations were embedded in international and transnational network organisations campaigning for women's social, professional and civic rights, and that their political cultures developed in dialogue with and awareness of what was happening elsewhere in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Historia y Politica: Ideas, Procesos y Movimientos Sociales is the property of Departamento De Historia del Pensamiento y de los Moviemientos Sociales y Politicos (Madrid) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Wufei Miao 五妃廟, or the Temple of the Five Concubines in Tainan City, commemorates the five concubines who collectively committed suicide with Prince Ningjing 寧靖王 in the face of the collapse of the Kingdom of Dongning in 1683. Their deeds became an everlasting symbol of chastity and loyalty to both their husband and the dying Ming court. This dramatic event also attracted much attention and gave rise to considerable literary works in subsequent years. Through the historical works such as Taiwan Tongshi (The General History of Taiwan), a layered image of the Five Concubines gradually took shape after a long process of accretion. Combining surviving texts with archaeological sources and fieldwork data, this paper takes a historical approach to study the Five Concubines. It emphasizes the distinction between firsthand historical sources and secondhand literary ones. The purpose is to deconstruct the layered images of the Five Concubines by strictly basing its historical reconstruction on primary sources. In terms of interpretation, this paper puts forward a new perspective which emphasizes the social causes of their deaths. I argue that instead of dying voluntarily, their decision to kill themselves was also affected by the social pressure created by an accidental combination of the patriarchal system and the biological, political, and socio-economic circumstances immediately prior to the collapse of the Kingdom of Dongning. The paper concludes with a discussion on the implications of the Five Concubines' deaths in the pursuit of certain "value of life," the family responsibility of Prince Ningjing, the patriarchal thinking of the literates, and the political relationship between the Zheng family and the exiled Ming royal lineages in Taiwan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over more than a quarter-century of activity (1972-1998), the Committee on the Status of Women (COSW) tenaciously pursued feminist goals. This article uses COSW (an official SAA committee) as well as the Women's Caucus (an informal interest group) as a lens through which to examine the larger phenomenon of feminism in the archival profession. First, it sets forth the political, social, and cultural context of 1960s and 1970s feminism and discusses the factors that led to the founding of the two groups. Next, it traces their activities in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. COSW and the Women's Caucus worked within while pushing to reshape established SAA organizational structures. The two groups promoted the documentation of women's experiences and the writing of women's history, attacked job discrimination and salary inequities in the profession, lobbied strenuously for women's equitable participation in the SAA, encouraged scholarship by and about women, and supported passage of the Equal Rights Amendment. This article then sets forth the circumstances that led to the dissolution of COSW in 1998 (the caucus continued its longstanding work). Finally, it discusses the vital legacy of the two groups and suggests areas for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During World War I, France, as did other belligerent countries, detained citizens who belonged to hostile states that had declared war on France. Among the detainees, were numerous Hungarian citizens. Internment opened up a new scene for war violence previously unknown in Europe. The war brought a new dimension of violence against civilians; the total war washed away the difference between soldiers and civils. Cont rary to the case of POWs, only a few recollections have been revealed about civil internment camps, which makes this source particularly valuable. Its further importance lies in the fact that its unknown writer was a woman. With the help of the source, this study attempts to outline the process of the internment, and speak about the 'survival' mechanisms described by the writer. Being a primary source, it helps to answer questions such as solidarity among (civil) detainees, circumstances of captivity, the relationship between civil internees and the French authorities, and everyday life issues, such as food. Additionally, it gives the opportunity to get an impression of WWI from the aspect of gender history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Historia Contemporanea is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Historia y Comunicación Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article responds to issue articles on post-World War II Sovietization. Topics include the Sovietization of Finnish Karelia, the roles of German occupation and Soviet re-invasion in Sovietization, and resettlement campaigns. The Sovietization of films and literature are addressed, as well as the role of gender in this process.

Copyright of Histórica (02528894) is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zgodovina za Vse is the property of Zgodovinsko Drustvo Celje (The Historical Society of Celje) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the relationship between economic history and women's as well as gender studies. The author analyzes the history of gender studies as well as Dutch historiography of this subject. Other topics mentioned in this article include social history, industrialization, and the 20th and 21st century history of the Netherlands.

Copyright of Historisk Tidskrift is the property of Svenska Historiska Foereningen and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses how the relationships between religious men and women were discussed in the 'Buch der Reformacio Predigerordens' written by an Observant Dominican reformer Johannes Meyer around 1468. Though the general attitude during the late fifteenth century seemed to emphasize authority and control by men, the relationships between confessors and nuns were described in other ways as well. Meyer's work offers the possibility of understanding the varieties of interaction and also, at least partly, everyday interaction in religious communities. The theme of relationships is approached from three different perspectives, starting with the conflicts between friars and nuns, and moving on to their co-operation. In the final section the possibility of friendship between religious authorities and women is discussed. In conclusion, it can be said that Meyer positioned himself between the friars and the nuns. He drew on texts written by women and men and integrated them into new compilations. Also, in his discussion of the relationships between male superiors and women under their auspices Meyer placed himself somewhere in between these two parties. He understood the needs of nuns, and also that the reality in monasteries could differ from the ideals of rules and constitutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the influence on the medical profession of the book "Tratado de ginecología," by Miquel A. Fargas Roca. The author comments on the visual representations and illustrations of the female body in the textbook and describes its influence on the scientific and medical knowledge at the time of its writing in the early 20th century. The social conditions experienced by women during this period and the ideological position held by the the author relating to gender roles is explored.

Beginning from Joan Scott's notion of the paradox of French eighteenthcentury feminism - with both its acceptance and rejection of gender-based inequality - some of the trends in Swedish gender history are discussed. Gender history's scholarly and political successes may be indisputable, but they cannot completely obscure a more ominous picture. The field today is large, but it is also fragmented. The issues of gender history may well be integrated into other positions, but equally they there run the risk of marginalization. Multifaceted and embracive power analyses illustrate the complications, but at the same time are open to interpretations that are of less social history interest. The multidimensional power analyses prompted by the intersectionality perspective can thus be questioned, as can the emphasis of recent research on cultural identity as an umbrella term. Although the intentions have been different, post-colonial perspectives still have the potential to elucidate what is culture and what is economics, and how these two structures come together and, paradoxically enough, counteract each other. A clarification of the paradoxes of history is also called for if gender history research is to remain successful, both in politics and in academe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article gives examples of how gender history research in Finland has been influenced by the ever-broader field of gender studies and by new directions in historical research. It is stressed that all gender history is formed in relation to current gender discourses, which mark the prevailing historiographical culture - the way in which the past is given meaning in the present. Given these influences, the purpose here is to indicate what is distinctive about Finnish gender history research. Further, it is argued that historical perspective has played a crucial role in determining the course of multidisciplinary gender studies in Finland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article argues for sport and physical culture to be recognized as a fruitful field for gender history research. I would argue that different forms of physical activity should be considered part of the processes that create, reproduce, or challenge current gender positions - and identifications - be it symbolically, structurally, or individually. Women's sport challenges the historical linkage of femininity and passivity, as well as calling into question the 'naturalness' of the body and gender. Physical activity shapes the body in historically or culturally specific ways at the same time as the body, by embodying or challenging norms, in turn shapes history. The empirical examples discussed include Svenska Kvinnors Centralförbund för Fysisk Kultur (the Swedish Women's Central Federation of Physical Culture), an association that was active in the inter-war period and had close links to Sweden's liberal women's movement. Based on a feminist analysis, bodily activity and strength are here viewed in relation to women's emancipation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the point at which gender history finds itself today, starting with the 15th Berkshire Conference on the History of Women held in the US in 2011.Transnational and transgender issues together characterized this world conference - the world was growing bigger. But what would come next? In a recent work on gender history, Sonya Rose has also highlighted the importance of the fact that national concerns have been transcended in gender history, while emphasizing the continued diversity of approaches. In conclusion, two particularly inspiring works by Carroll Smith-Rosenberg and Mary Hartman are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theoretical and methodological discussions are rare in gender history in Sweden today. This article asks why, reflecting on the author's own participation in gender history. This is done with special regard to the intellectual and emotional space of Swedish gender history. Historically, gender history has long been a substantial part of gender research. Has the gap between gender historians and other gender scholars widened over the years, and if so, why? Several historians have noted the absence of internal theoretical discussions, compounded by the silence from gender historians in the ongoing discussions within gender and feminist research. In gender research and feminist theory, an increasing interest is being shown in questions that certainly fall within the range of historians - temporality, narration, historicity. To what extent has (gendered) historical space an effect on this, their absence or disinterest? What measures could be taken in order to overcome that gap? How can we encourage the internal debates that will improve our way of conducting research and thinking about the past?. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting with the questions raised in the seminar series Genushistoriens utmaningar ('The challenges of gender history'), I describe and reflect on the milieus and contexts where I received my education in gender theory. The relation between interdisciplinary gender theory debate and new cultural history is addressed. The classifications of gender, class, and ethnicity have, in cultural-historical research, often been historicized and problematized without the authors referring to defined gender theory concepts such as intersectionality. Based on my experience of researching early history, I raise the questions of how we define gender history and how research on medieval and early modern society relates to mainstream gender scholarship. Finally, I take up the gender historians' gauntlet: the need to discuss and define gender history as an academic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This text deals with a very particular dilemma: how should I, a post-linguistic- turn gender historian, deal with the reality that women are constantly excluded from the continuing writing of the past (or are silenced in the history that is played out in front of my eyes) without falling back on the herstory tradition that the majority of us academics say we have left behind? The problem is discussed in theoretical terms, but also empirically in relation to two specific situations. The first is a commission to write a history of women and the women's movement for the Swedish city of Lund. The second is an invitation to address a Social Democratic women's association on the subject of the Swedish general election campaign of 2010, and more specifically the media resistance shown towards Mona Sahlin, the female candidate for prime minister. With the help of a further example - the play Historia A by the dramatic arts collective Potato Potato, a reaction to the omission of women from Swedish school history textbooks - I will conclude by illustrating the new path I would advocate: a very queer women's history - Herstory revisited, or Herstory 2.0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is called My dependence on the present, and in it I reflect on how I have changed track a number of times during my research career. I came late to research, having just turned forty when I began my postgraduate studies, and this meant I did not feel bound to prove my loyalty to any particular school of thought--an independent researcher, no less! However, I had not been at Umeå University long before the radical student milieu and lively research on women's issues had me in their grip and made me into a social historian and feminist. The turn came in the 1990s, when I worked on a project on Swedish schools with Ulla Johansson from the Department of Education. With this change came Pierre Bourdieu's cultural analyses, Yvonne Hirdman's gender theory, and Joan Scott's theories of language into veiw, all of which prodded me towards a greater interest in culture, power, and the body. Embarking on a project on the emotions and universal suffrage in which discourses were to be the focus, I found myself strangely drawn back to social history, armed with a fresh interest in social practices and the significance of experience for the people of the past. And now I am writing about women worldwide as part of an instructional-media project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article suggests that it behoves gender historians to engage in intra- and interdisciplinary gender research discussions in order to address the questions of time, temporality, and the value of a historical perspective in understanding societal and gender-creating processes. Metadiscussions about the discipline of history as a whole, and gender history as a particular sub-discipline, tend to hover between criticism of one's own subject's theoretical shortcomings and the remainder of the research community's lack of historical interest. I would argue that gender historians instead ought to formulate themselves actively and theoretically about what the historical perspective can offer, so that the interdisciplinary exchange on gender research can become the mutual exchange of views that was first anticipated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zgodovinski Casopis is the property of Zveza Zgodovinskih Drustev Slovenije and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Given the relative numbers of gender researchers, Swedish historians do not participate much in the interdisciplinary debate in Tidskrift för genusvetenskap ('Journal for Gender Studies') - participation meaning either publication in the journal, or a clearly stated position towards the field and references to interdisciplinary studies. Above all, it is historians of earlier periods who are notable by their absence. The same trend is also evident in international gender journals. The article examines the participation of Swedish gender historians in the leading Nordic interdisciplinary gender journal, Kvinnovetenskaplig tidskrift ('Women's Studies Journal'), which in 2007 was renamed Tidskrift för genusvetenskap, in the period from the 1980s to 2008. One hypothesis presented by researchers in Norway, who noted that Norwegian gender historians frequently elect to publish in history journals, is that the theoretical radicalisation of gender studies has proved problematic for historians with an empirical focus. They argue that post-structuralism and deconstruction sit ill with the discipline's conservative character. Their hypothesis is considered in this article, in which I also trace changes in the interdisciplinary field as a whole. In the period in question, Kvinnovetenskaplig tidskrift, and later Tidskrift för genusvetenskap, published articles on a vast range of perspectives, reflecting the full span from women's history to the history of gender difference, to difference as the engine of meaning creation. Theoretical debates came increasingly to the fore in the interdisciplinary gender debate in the 1990s. Once the true import of the subject of "differing from" and the study object in creating identity and inequality had been understood, gender history enjoyed considerable success in interdisciplinary gender research. However, with the shift to deconstructionism and the fuller understanding of difference in creating meaning, the revisiting of terms such as sex, gender, and gender differences, and the acknowledgement that differences within the subject were increasingly interesting for interdisciplinary gender research, it was other, more theoretical, disciplines that vitalized the field. Philosophy and literary history can be singled out. Admittedly, several Swedish gender historians were active in introducing to the field the shifts of perspective inspired by post-structuralism, yet it is evidently the case that there is a correspondence between the absence of historical, empirical studies from interdisciplinary gender journals in both Sweden and Norway, and the theoretical radicalisa-tion of gender studies. Naturally, publication in interdisciplinary gender journals cannot be taken as the only measure of researchers' participation in interdisciplinary studies, their knowledge of the interdisciplinary arsenal, or their awareness of cutting-edge international research. Recent articles in historical journals show ample evidence of all this -- even on the part of historians of earlier periods. I can only concur with the editors of Tidskrift för Kjannsforskning, Gro Hageman, Jorun Solheim, and Åse Røthing, that history on the one hand, and research inspired by post-structuralism and gender deconstructionism on the other, will be the poorer if it proves impossible to combine the two branches of knowledge. Indeed, I would go so far as to state that the realisation that differences create meaning is a necessary precondition for understanding of how inequality is (re)created. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the role of gender in wills written during the 15th and 16th centuries in Úbeda in the province of Andalusia, Spain. It examines the laws of succession and inheritance in the region, including patrimonies through marriage and dowries. The author provides an analysis and interpretation of the collation contained in 500 wills, all of which were collected from a historical archive in Úbeda. The question of the equality of gender in relation to the size of the inheritance received by sons and daughters is also explored.

The article examines various literature on the history of masculinity and the ways and means by which men had exerted their power over both women and other men. The author proposed that people's understanding of early modern manhood leave them the worrying idea that men either negotiated their identities between themselves in an all boys together fashion or were trapped as anxious patriarchs with a total reliance on their wives' behaviour for maintaining the surety of their own reputations. In Bryce Traister's essay "Academic Viagra," he detailed the imperialistic nature of men's studies and he argued that American masculinity studies crowds out the women and texts responsible for the rise of feminism and shifts Americanist cultural criticism into the dominant study of malekind.

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