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In this study, factors influencing the economic complexity (ECI) of Canada in the long term have been examined using the VECM, FMOLS, CCR, and DOLS methods from 1995 to 2022. The independent variables in the empirical model include Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Research and Development (R&D), Trade (TRD), Education (EDU), Political Stability (PS), and Government Effectiveness (GE). An increase in GDP, R&D, EDU and TRD demonstrates a strong positive effect on economic complexity. This emphasizes the crucial significance of production, productivity, efficiency and globalization in shaping the complex network of economic processes. PS and GE play crucial roles, as even slight improvements in these areas can have a positive impact on the ECI. This outcome highlights the beneficial impact of stable governance in promoting economic complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study's purpose is to examine the factors that influence the growth of the gross domestic product (GDP) in the post-pandemic COVID-19 period in the Kosovo perspective. This study aimed to examine the influence of remittances on the GDP growth of Kosovo from the perspective of consumption and inflation. The impact was analyzed through OLS regression analysis, utilizing data from multiple secondary sources. The findings of the study indicated a statistically significant impact of remittances on GDP growth during the post-pandemic economic lockdown phase. Conversely, there was an insignificant inverse correlation observed between inflation and GDP growth throughout this stage. This study is pioneering in its comprehensive exploration of the factors that drive GDP growth in Kosovo's economy during the post-pandemic period. It is the first of its kind to extensively examine the impact of these factors. The uniqueness of this paper lies in its recognition of the governmental responses to the pandemic and its accurate identification of the macroeconomic factors that played a role in influencing GDP growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to an assessment of the shadow economy in Bulgaria for the 2003 – 2023 period based on an empirical analysis of major relationships between selected macroeconomic indicators. The source of data used are official Bulgarian institutions like the National Statistical Institute (NSI), the Ministry of Finance (MF), and the Bulgarian National Bank (BNB). An econometric analysis is carried out applying the MIMIC approach. The results show that the size of the shadow economy for the studied period has increased from 35% in GDP for 2003 to 40% for 2009-2010. For the 2014-2022 period, this percentage has decreased and stabilized at levels of 35-37%. Despite a decreasing trend in the share of the shadow economy, it still represents a substantial part of the official economy of Bulgaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Known as the "King of Spice", pepper (Piper nigrum) is the most widely used and traded agricultural product in the world. In Sarawak, pepper is listed as the few industrial crops in producing and contributing the most to the gross domestic product (GDP) of the country, Malaysia. However, the recent price fluctuation in the global pepper market has caused some farmers to abandon pepper farms due to the lower pepper prices against the high cost of input materials and farm maintenance, in addition to limited marketing choices and bargaining power when dealing with buyers due to their geographic remoteness, small production quantity, and variable product. To improve the circumstances, the use of blockchain technology with Byzantine-based consensus algorithm is proposed in this paper to minimize some of the constraints faced by the sniallholder farmers. With the PBFT consensus algorithm on-board, the blockcliain network (BCN) operates without miners as it relies on the message-transfer mechanism to achieve the total consensus. Besides, the PBFT consensus algorithm with varying network structures were evaluated. Upon comparison between network structures, the group network structure dominated the entirety of the experiment and presented as the proposed network structure, with the addition of specific nodes such as relay, storage, administer and brackets: bench and penalty to facilitate and maintain the longevity of the BCN. The implementation of blockchain technology in Sarawak's pepper industry has the potential to improve the linkages and cohesion between pepper stakeholders but its overall integration would have to be further explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the persistence of the sovereign debt / GDP and sovereign debt / GDP per capita series for the five largest European economies and the US using fractional integration. We use historical data starting in 1800 for the US and the UK, in 1861 for Italy and in 1880 for Germany, France and Spain. The results indicate high degrees of persistence of debt-to-GDP and debt per capita ratios with clear evidence of no mean reversion in both debt indicators. We also find evidence of correlation with the primary deficit, supporting the idea that one of the causes of this debt persistence is precisely the primary deficit persistence. Empirical results support the need for a better coordination between fiscal and monetary policies to enhance debt control in the countries under examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to predict the values of GDP in Algeria, through a time series extending from 1962 to 2023, using the "Box-Jenkins" methodology as one of the most famous methods used in forecasting, the results showed that the appropriate model to represent the data of this series is the "ARIMA (1,1,1)" model, and after this model proved its effectiveness in forecasting, and finally we predicted the values of GDP for the next six years (until the end of 2030). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study delves into the exploration of asymmetries in the field of Digital Economics (DE) and specifically, within the digital construction sector, unravelling intricate relationships that guide its evolutionary journey. To unveil the complex relationship between GDP growth rates and Digital Construction (DC) we leverage the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI), employing a panel dataset encompassing 27 European Union (EU) countries over the period 2017-2022. As a foundational tool for our empirical analysis, we perform Quantile via Moments regression, thus introducing this novel methodology to digital construction research. The findings reveal a consistent and statistically significant positive impact of DC on GDP growth rates, across the entire spectrum of economic conditions, but the effect is more pronounced at the upper quantiles of output. This result implies that stronger economies can use more efficiently the benefits of the Digital Construction compared to the weaker economies, thus signalling the need of the latter for structural reforms, to improve the integration rate of digitalization in the construction sector. The pronounced influence of the Human Capital component of DC underscores the pivotal role of nurturing human skills to effectively integrate digital construction techniques into infrastructure development, within a collaborative culture. By fostering a culture of innovation, collaboration and enabling the integration of digital construction techniques, the weaker economies can position themselves for higher growth rates and competitiveness in an ever-changing world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines fiscal consolidation and growth effects of the EU funding for the program period 2021-2027 in Bulgaria and other EU Member States from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). It illustrates that gradual fiscal consolidation is implemented, but might be a challenge for some CEE countries, while the growth effects of the EU funding for 2012-2027 will depend on the level of substitution between EU and domestic funding of the EU-related projects. As a result, under the partnership agreements for 2021-2027 and the national recovery and resilience plans the CEE countries are expected to reduce gradually fiscal deficit and debt towards Maastricht criteria, and to increase their annual GDP growth above the baseline scenario between 1% and 4% of GDP, reaching cumulative growth from 9 to 24% of GDP by 2027. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate whether the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of the information and communication sector mediates the relationship between Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development and local tax revenue enhancement across districts and municipalities in Indonesia. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study uses a quantitative approach to examine how ICT growth, access, infrastructure and utilization affect local taxes and regional levies using panel data from 2017 to 2021. The GRDP of the information and communication sector is incorporated as a crucial moderating variable. Findings: The findings reveal that the GRDP of the information and communication sector plays a vital moderating role in the relationships between ICT factors and local taxes and levies. ICT development benefits local tax systems through increased efficiency, transparency, reduced disparities and enhanced accessibility. Effective ICT infrastructure enables digital fiscal transactions, increasing revenues while improving collection efficiency and reducing income disparities among provinces. High ICT utilization supported by technological proficiency enables local governments to enhance local taxes and levies. Practical Implications: An increase in the GRDP of the information and communication sector leads to higher tax revenues for local governments, funding public services and infrastructure development. Additionally, it attracts investments from other sectors, boosting regional levies and promoting overall regional economic development. The study highlights leveraging the GRDP of this sector as a strategic factor to enhance local tax revenue and regional levies across Indonesian provinces contributing to fiscal decentralization efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is one of the key macroeconomic aggregates that measures the added value produced in a country during a period. In the contemporary world, macroeconomic uncertainty, among others due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the conflict in Ukraine, and GDP prediction remain important goals in public policy making. This study aims to predict Benin's GDP through a unidimensional statistical approach and machine learning techniques. For this purpose, GDP data were collected from the Central Bank of the West African States (BCEAO) website from 1960 to 2021. The predictions are based on comparing classical statistical and machine learning methods. For the classical statistical methods, we investigated the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Error Trend Seasonality (ETS) forecasting models. As for the machine learning methods, the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) forecasting models proved to be sound. The findings revealed that the statistical models (ARIMA and ETS) better predict Benin's GDP. However, machine learning models (KNN and LSTM) also provide a wide range of results that can be used to analyze Benin's economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the relationships among selected macro-economic variables such as GDP, GCI, GCNI, SSI, CDI, CPI, and HDI from 2001 to 2022. Utilizing multiple regression analysis, the ARIMA model, co-integration, and causality techniques, the research finds a decreasing trend in economic growth over the coming years. There is a long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables, along with short-run uni-directional relationships among a few variables. The forecasted values of these macroeconomic variables, projected from the base year 2018 up to 2025, indicate that while economic growth (GDP) gradually declines, the other variables show a slow but not significant increase. This suggests that adverse economic growth may hinder the remarkable performance of other variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Cultura Económica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Returning an economy to fiscal solvency from episodes of large deficit requires efficient composition of national spending. It is for this reason that empirical inquiry concentrated on disaggregated expenditure components has gained relevance in the recent past. This paper employs an Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) to establish the size of fiscal expenditure multiplier. This paper uses time series data of disaggregated fiscal components ranging from 1982 to 2020. The results show positive but smaller (less than one) multipliers for all the disaggregated fiscal expenditure variables in the long run. Most importantly, the results show that the public sector wage bill, which takes the largest share of overall government expenditure, has a smaller multiplier compared to the rest of the expenditure items, indicating a possible crowding out impact. Effective management of the public sector wage bill and efficient budget allocation must be prioritized both in the long-run and short-run. This can be achieved by prioritizing growth-enhancing expenditures whilst keeping the public sector wage bill moderate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retailing comprises an important portion of the economy both in Lithuania and EU in general, since it contributes significantly to the gross domestic product and labour creation. Globalisation and changing market demands are increasing competitiveness in retail, and as a result companies are adopting different improvement methods and techniques to assure their ability to compete in the market. Lean thinking is one of the wide-ranging ways to promote efficiency, while emphasizing a high level of awareness on customer. The paper aims to reveal the possibilities and barriers of Lean application in retail. In order to achieve this aim, the authors of the paper present the theoretical conceptual model which illustrates Lean implementation in retail. The research design applies a multi-method approach, combining systematic and comparative scientific literature analysis, and a semistructured interview. The results of empirical research revealed that retail company implements Lean concept aiming to reduce waste, to improve on-shelf availability, to optimize inventory management and space utilization, to increase customer service and satisfaction, and therefore to increase sales margins and profitability. The most successful Lean tools are 5S, Value stream map, Visual management, and Kanban. The primary barriers, impeding or slowing down Lean transformations most often are related to people: insufficient knowledge and engagement; the old ways of working and resistance to change; lack of effective leadership; inadequate communication. Therefore, training of employees, explanation of Lean benefits, creating an enabling culture, and motivating staff to provide suggestions for improvement could be the first steps to successful Lean implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Empirical evidence on renewable energy (RE) deployment remains controversial, and little consensus exists on how empirical determinants can shape a country's transition to a low-carbon economy. Using a sample of 38 countries from 2002 to 2020, we apply nonlinear panel data modeling, where the energy transition process can be properly treated. Our empirical results indicate the prominent role of geopolitical risk in influencing the use of RE, depending on the level of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. Richer countries have a greater capacity to develop clean technologies in times of uncertainty; however, with fewer resources to bear the transition costs, the RE sector in low-income countries is more vulnerable to adverse geopolitical events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conflicts, whether internal or external, have the ability to increase energy security risks. Given this background, this paper investigates the impact of conflicts on energy security risks in the panel data of 40 major energy-consuming economies from Asia, America, Europe, and Africa by employing the Cross-sectionally augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag model from 1996 to 2021. The results show that the risks to long-term energy security fall with the rise in internal and external conflicts globally and in Asian, American, European, and African economies. However, all regions see decreased long-term energy security risk due to rising financial development. At the same time, national income mitigates energy security risks globally and in American countries. Technological innovation reduces long-term energy security risks globally in Asian, American, and European economies. Conversely, only gross domestic product and technological innovation cause the energy security risks to fall globally and in American economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the Cukurova University Institute of Social Sciences is the property of Cukurova University Institute of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Galician Journal of Economics / Revista Galega de Economía is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Migration bears a significant relationship with the dynamics of economic growth in developing countries. This study aims to investigate whether the allocation of internal migrant workers to specific regional units, as conducted in this research within East Java Province, Indonesia, yields the anticipated effects. The Heckman two-step estimation method was used in analyzing the impact of migrant workers on economic growth in developing countries. The results of this study indicate that the determinants of migrant workers in East Java are significantly influenced by age, gender, level of education, marital status, presence of family members under the age of 5, description of the category of origin, Gross Regional Domestic Product Based on Current Prices (PDRB ADHK), region of origin, and the number of poor people. The results of the analysis of the significant impact of migrant workers on the economic sector (PDRB ADHK in destination areas) on migrant workers in East Java are migrant workers of productive age, male migrant workers, migrant workers with bachelor/diploma's degree, migrant workers who come from areas with the widest type of floor is in the form of non-timber/soil housing, and migrant workers originating from small-town areas contribute the most to the PDRB of the destination region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates the impact of digitalization on contribution to Gross Domestic Product, in the context of the Hungarian National Infocommunication Strategy adopting the European Union's Digital Agenda. 1045 small and medium enterprises were included in the research, using data from years of 2010 and 2018. The level of digitalization was measured by the Digital Economy and Society Index, using both information technology infrastructure-related information, as well as the use of enterprise software applications, particularly Enterprise Resource Planning or Customer Relationship Management systems. The contribution to Gross Domestic Product was measured by headcount, pay costs and turnover as proxies using the financial data submissions of the companies. The results of the partial least squares structural equation modelling suggest that while the firm's current financial position is being the most important factor for its future contribution to Gross Domestic Product, digitalization, especially the adoption of enterprise software systems is also a significant factor to the firm's contribution. Therefore, it is worth pursuing digitalisation for driving economic development. The proposed method could be applied to other Member States, creating the opportunity to understand similarities and differences of their economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis examines the COVID-19 pandemic's economy-wide global effects, assessing the impact on gross domestic product (GDP) through reduced labor supply and productivity in diverse sectors. Utilizing a Computable General Equilibrium model from the Global Trade Analysis Project database, the results highlight the pronounced influence on Light and Heavy manufacturing due to disrupted global supply chains. The vaccination's effectiveness in economic recovery is emphasized, indicating increased labor participation and productivity. The study underscores vaccine disparities among developing nations, affecting global economic resurgence. Overall, it stresses the interconnectedness of COVID-19's impact on national GDP, the manufacturing sectors, and the crucial role of vaccination in driving economic activity and global recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is widely recognized that countries scoring high in capitalism, democracy, and the rule of law (CDR) tend to have impressive levels of real per capita gross domestic product (GDP) adjusted for purchasing power parity (GDPppp). However, the key to the rule of law is collaboration, and the ability to work together may have been eroded in communities that have experienced past traumas such as forced labor, excessive discrimination and exposure to harmful chemicals. These distressing outcomes can be inherited by future generations through negative epigenetic transgenerational psycho-sequela, leading to poor academic and employment performance, low income, self-harm, negative community relations, and increased aggression. This paper aims to explore the development of a managerial framework for rehabilitating psychological health that aims to revive lost collaboration skills. The originality of this work lies in the managerial framework that facilitates the restoration of collaboration skills, which are fundamental to exceptional economic growth and higher average income countrywide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study compares the short- and long-term relationships between house prices and bank credit in developed and Emerging Market Economies. This fact is an essential issue because most financing is facilitated by bank credit. Using quarterly data from 22 developed and six Emerging Market Economies and the panel autoregressive distributed lag model method, this study found that real house prices are the prominent factor of bank credit. Moreover, the magnitude of house prices and gross domestic product relationship with domestic bank credit is considerably greater in Emerging Market Economies than in developed nations. Meanwhile, the foreign interest rate on bank credit is nearly four times greater in Emerging Market Economies. Further, the exchange ratecredit relationship is positive for developed countries, whereas negative for Emerging Market Economies. Therefore, authorities maintaining financial stability must pay close attention to real house price dynamics. Moreover, Emerging Market Economies must also consider the exchange rate and foreign interest rates in managing credit growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to test whether the relationship between external debt and economic growth is symmetric or asymmetric in South Africa using annual time series data from 1985 to 2021. The study employed NARDL bounds and Breitung nonparametric cointegration estimation methods. Breitung, Bierens nonparametric, and ZA unit root test are used to check for the order of integration of the variables. The results from NARDL bounds and Breitung nonparametric cointegration test confirm a long run relationship between the variables. The results indicate that the responsiveness of GDP to positive shocks of external debt is less than that to negative shocks. An increase in external debt is associated with a decrease in GDP, while a decrease in external debt is associated with an increase in GDP. The study suggests that South African economy should keep its external debt sustainable so as not to harm economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spread of COVID-19, an unprecedented health shock to the world in 2020–21, led to an economic shock globally. To contain its spread, the majority of the countries introduced containment measures such as lockdowns, social distancing and quarantines. It resulted in the shutting down of many industrial establishments, a reduction in economic activities and restrictions on people's movement. The contraction in gross domestic product (GDP) and trade flow resulted in a reduction in employment and income. The recovery of output and employment varied across sectors and countries. The present endeavour aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 on sectoral employment in India using secondary data primarily from the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), the Government of India and the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) Economic Outlook. Our findings indicate that the impact of COVID-19 varies across regions, occupations and sectors. It affected employment differently across occupations in rural and urban areas. Among sectors, manufacturing, and real estate and construction, services were affected very badly. The rate of recovery was comparatively low in manufacturing, real estate and construction. All sectors indicate a V-shaped recovery for employment and output except the manufacturing sector indicating an L-shaped recovery for employment while a V-shaped recovery for output. In general, employment elasticities have declined across sectors, except for the agriculture sector, in the post-pandemic period. Given the reduction in the employment elasticities across sectors after the pandemic, it may be suggested to focus on new entrepreneurial activities, particularly in the labour-intensive sectors, and skill development programmes for enhancing employment opportunities in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

eCommerce platforms became a centre of attraction and being widely used by Malaysian when the Covid-19 pandemic hit the country. This forceful paradigm shift, however, had contributed generously to the GDP of the country. Sarawak being the largest state in Malaysia, is expected to contribute the highest Gross Domestic Product (GDP), however, this is not the case. Nonetheless, the Sarawak State Government had deployed the Sarawak Digital Economy Strategy 2018-2022 blueprint as one of their initiatives to position Sarawak as a high-income state. To boost Sarawak's Digital Economy, promoting and implementing eCommerce is crucial. Yet, the key challenge lies in ensuring full acceptance and adoption of this transformative approach by all stakeholders. Therefore, this research was carried out to offer valuable insights to the state government regarding the factors that influence the sustainability of current eCommerce platforms in Sarawak. The date collected from Sarawakians served as the foundation for this study. Data from 130 individuals residing in Sarawak was collected through e-survey, employing a quantitative research method. The findings indicate that the sustainability of an eCommerce platform in Sarawak is influenced by the extent to which it aids users in achieving their objectives. Additionally, the Sarawak community's awareness of the advantages and risks associated with using eCommerce platforms was identified as another factor impacting platform sustainability. In summary, this study highlights significant factors that can contribute to the development of Sarawak's Digital Economy. By identifying these variables, it provides valuable insights that can serve as a call to action for the state government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigated the impact of personal remittances on the development of human capital in BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) using panel data (1990-2020) analysis methods such as the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) and the fixed effects. Using the same data set and econometric estimation methods, the study also explored if financial development is a channel through which the positive influence of remittances on human capital development is enhanced. In line with Ali et. al. (2023), the study focused on BRICS because of its global dominance in terms of share of gross domestic product in the world economy and its fastest pace in terms of economic growth and development. The influence of remittances on human capital development was found to be positive but insignificant under both the fixed effects and FMOLS, results which generally agrees with literature (positive rationale hypothesis). The dynamic OLS shows that remittances reduced human capital development in a significant manner, consistent with the negative rationale hypothesis. The complementarity between remittances and financial development had a non-significant positive impact on human capital development. The study produced results which show that internet usage (DOLS), government consumption expenditure (FMOLS), trade openness (fixed effects, FMOLS) and economic growth (DOLS, FMOLS) had a significant positive effect on human capital development in BRICS. Policies aimed at increasing internet usage, government consumption on education, trade openness and economic growth must therefore be implemented by the responsible authorities in BRICS to enhance human capital development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

THE LONGSTANDING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PAKISTAN AND CHINA HAS YIELDED SUBSTANTIAL BENEFITS, NOTABLY THROUGH THE CHINAPAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR (CPEC). THIS STUDY EVALUATES THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE ENERGY INVESTMENTS WITHIN CPEC USING THE COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM (CGE) MODEL AND GTAP 9.0 DATA. FINDINGS REVEAL SIGNIFICANT POSITIVE EFFECTS ON PAKISTAN'S REAL GDP, MERCHANDISE EXPORTS, AND IMPORTS, WITH AN OVERALL INCREASE IN HOUSEHOLD INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT. THE COAL ENERGY PROJECTS ARE PROJECTED TO BOOST ECONOMIC GROWTH, REDUCE POVERTY, AND ENHANCE ENERGY ACCESSIBILITY. WHILE THE STUDY HAS LIMITATIONS, SUCH AS THE STATIC NATURE OF THE MODEL AND LIMITED FOCUS ON THE SERVICE SECTOR, IT UNDERSCORES THE TRANSFORMATIVE POTENTIAL OF CPEC’S ENERGY INVESTMENTS FOR PAKISTAN'S ECONOMY AND RECOMMENDS FURTHER DYNAMIC MODELING FOR COMPREHENSIVE INSIGHTS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nova Economia is the property of Nova Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Economicas: Investigacion y Reflexion is the property of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper provides robust evidence of financial development and international trade liberalization on deregulation in some developing economies. Specifically, it investigates the effect of financial development and international trade liberalization on deregulation in 45 African countries in a panel set between January 1, 1980, to December 31, 2017. It employed the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) panel data estimation to address potential endogeneity concerns. Demir and Dahi (2011) showed that system GMM can effectively deal with any endogeneity issue originating from unobserved country-specific effects, and bias. The study found a robust positive effect of financial development and international trade liberalization on deregulation. The key finding was that technological impact is observed when private credit is regressed on market capitalization on Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It found that both GDP and gross per capita negatively impact financial development, conceivably causing the selected African countries' markets to be insulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building a multivariate GDP forecasting model based on relevant macroeconomic indicators selected through a proper selection process. This paper assesses whether alternative specifications of the Bayesian model can provide higher forecast accuracy compared to a standard VECM (Vector Error Correction Model). To achieve this, a Bayesian VAR (Vector Autoregressive) model is estimated using the Litterman precedent (1979). Compare the result based on the Bayesian VAR (Vector Autoregressive) model with the DFM (Dynamic Factor Model). The out-of-sample forecast performance of the models is then evaluated over a 5-year period (20 quarters), where model efficiency for a long forecast period is ascertained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Venezolana de Gerencia (RVG) is the property of Revista de Filosofia-Universidad del Zulia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article contrasts whether the sectors with a GDP close to the average contribute more to the economic system through their employment multipliers and/or dispersion effects than those with a higher GDP. To achieve this, an 11-year horizon (2008-2018) and the 11 main centers of Chile's macro territories [Norte Chico (6) and Patagonia (5)] are used as a reference. The input-output matrices are used as source of information from which the variables GDP, employment multiplier and dispersion coefficients are obtained, the latter understood as those that allow quantifying the scope of the repercussions of an economic activity, by means of its direct and/or indirect effects. The results allow us to conclude that economic activities with a GDP close to the average, such as that of the education sector, show diffused effects that support the idea of facilitating development through changes in their production versus others that, with high GDPs, show concentrated effects that therefore limit their contribution in terms of interaction. These results will contribute to the establishment of economic development policies according to the particularities of each territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ensayos - Revista de Economía is the property of Ensayos Revista de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article provides updates on the activities and developments in the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Ontario. In New Brunswick, the article discusses the provincial budget for 2024-2025, legislative activities, committee meetings, and a resignation of a member of the Legislative Assembly. In Ontario, the article covers the composition of the House, condolences for former members, concurrence in the supply and supply bill, and an amendment to the Standing Orders allowing members to address the House in an Indigenous language. [Extracted from the article]

In recent years, gender inequality has been considered the main characteristic of insufficient gross domestic product (GDP) growth. This paper discusses the evolution of GDP per capita in 21 countries of the European Union between 2015 and 2019. Using panel regression, we investigated the change in GDP per capita through five variables. The analysis results showed that female employment rate is the most statistically significant and positive variable on GDP. Gender Equality Index also appeared to be an essential variable. The second part of our analysis consisted of an explanatory spatial data analysis of all variables to examine the spatial dimension of the variables. To explain spatial econometrics, we used selected methods, namely, choropleth maps, Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) cluster analysis, Moran's scatter plots, and Moran's I statistics. Based on the visualization of choropleth maps, GDP per capita did not change during the observed period, even though the values of the explanatory variables changed. For GDP per capita, the same applies in the case of LISA cluster analysis. At the end of the monitored period, the countries were included in the same cluster as at the beginning. When plotting Moran's scatter plot, it was found that GDP per capita did not tend to have positive or negative spatial autocorrelation or no spatial autocorrelation. Moran's I statistic showed that GDP per capita values were not randomly dispersed; they were grouped according to a specific formula into clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The relationship between the macroeconomic environment and banking risks is one of the basic conditions for the stability of the state financial system. The purpose of this paper is to show the interdependence between the macroeconomic environment and the financial system, i.e., to highlight the importance of various macroeconomic factors and their impact on the banking system in Croatia. Methodology: Statistical data for the period from 2010 to 2022, obtained from publicly available databases, are analysed. Correlation analysis was performed to determine the intensity and direction of the relationship between macroeconomic and banking variables. Regression analysis was conducted to determine if macroeconomic variables could explain some of the changes in banking variables. Results: The results of the analysis show a significant correlation between the macroeconomic variable unemployment rate and all banking variables, as well as between the macroeconomic variable inflation rate and the banking variables: non-performing loans (NPL) and bank loans. Gross domestic product (GDP) is not correlated with any of the observed variables, which is a very interesting result. The unemployment rate is the predictor that is significant for all banking variables, while the inflation rate is the predictor that is significant only for non-performing loans. Conclusion: The conducted analyses show that economic development plays a role in the business policies of banks. These results can be particularly useful for bank management and the government, as they provide all stakeholders with important information about the role of macroeconomic policies of financial institutions in Croatia and, consequently, the Croatian economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These challenging economic times put most countries in a position to stimulate and strengthen economic growth through fiscal policy measures. We all know that fiscal policy aims to raise as much revenue as possible for the state budget in order to stimulate economic growth. As a result, Romania adopts fiscal policy measures such as: stimulating investments, stimulating consumption, controlling inflation, reducing the budget deficit, etc. Economists (Musgrave Richard & Musgrave Paggy, 1984) identified three functions of fiscal policy which are inter conditioned and related to the state economy: allocation, distribution and stabilization.[13] The paper aims to address in a suggestive manner the impact of fiscal policy on economic growth, and the main objective of the article is to highlight the evolution of economic growth in Romania in the last 10 years as a result of the application and implementation of fiscal policy measures in order to maximize the positive impact on economic growth. Fiscal policy is the basis for a state's economic actions, interacting with all other policies, i.e. monetary policy, social policy, development policy, budgetary policy, etc. This interaction must be translated into a set of economic growth measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of energy consumption's Green Quality Index (GQI) on carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions in the United States from 1970 to 2021. At this point, the estimated models control for the effects of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, urban population, and globalization on CO 2 emissions. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag estimations demonstrate that GQI and globalization reduce CO 2 emissions in the short- and long run. However, GDP per capita and urban population are positively related to CO 2 emissions in the short- and long-run. Different estimation techniques confirm the long-run baseline findings. Potential policy implications for reducing CO 2 emissions in the United States are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents how changes in the economic climate have affected consumer sentiment. Changes in the volume of GDP, industrial production, total consumption, consumption in the household sector and capital accumulation between 2018 and 2022 were analysed on a quarterly basis. The values of the main indicators reflecting consumer sentiment are also presented: the current consumer confidence index and the leading consumer confidence index. The consumer confidence indicators are also presented at the end of the individual quarters from 2018 to 2022. The results show that consumers observe the changing economic reality and do not always assess these changes positively, even if the effect of these changes indicate an increase in GDP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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