13 results on '"Fairman, Ciaran"'
Search Results
2. Key takeaways for knowledge expansion of early-career scientists conducting Transdisciplinary Research in Energetics and Cancer (TREC): a report from the TREC Training Workshop 2022
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Kung, Che-Pei, Skiba, Meghan B, Crosby, Erika J, Gorzelitz, Jessica, Kennedy, Mary A, Kerr, Bethany A, Li, Yun Rose, Nash, Sarah, Potiaumpai, Melanie, Kleckner, Amber S, James, Dara L, Coleman, Michael F, Fairman, Ciaran M, Galván, Gloria C, Garcia, David O, Gordon, Max J, His, Mathilde, Hornbuckle, Lyndsey M, Kim, So-Youn, Kim, Tae-Hyung, Kumar, Amanika, Mahé, Mélanie, McDonnell, Karen K, Moore, Jade, Oh, Sangphil, Sun, Xinghui, and Irwin, Melinda L
- Abstract
The overall goal of the annual Transdisciplinary Research in Energetics and Cancer (TREC) Training Workshop is to provide transdisciplinary training for scientists in energetics and cancer and clinical care. The 2022 Workshop included 27 early-to-mid career investigators (trainees) pursuing diverse TREC research areas in basic, clinical, and population sciences. The 2022 trainees participated in a gallery walk, an interactive qualitative program evaluation method, to summarize key takeaways related to program objectives. Writing groups were formed and collaborated on this summary of the 5 key takeaways from the TREC Workshop. The 2022 TREC Workshop provided a targeted and unique networking opportunity that facilitated meaningful collaborative work addressing research and clinical needs in energetics and cancer. This report summarizes the 2022 TREC Workshop’s key takeaways and future directions for innovative transdisciplinary energetics and cancer research.
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- 2023
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3. Dietary interventions to improve body composition in men treated with androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer: a solution for the growing problem?
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Umlauff, Lisa, Weber, Manuel, Freitag, Nils, Fairman, Ciaran M., Heidenreich, Axel, Bloch, Wilhelm, and Schumann, Moritz
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Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has adverse effects on body composition, including muscle wasting and body fat accumulation, which may be attenuated by nutrition therapy. This systematic review summarises available evidence on the effects of dietary interventions on lean mass, fat mass and body mass index (BMI) in men treated with ADT for prostate cancer. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.org were searched from inception through December 2020. We included all controlled trials evaluating effects of supplementation or dietary interventions on body composition in men with prostate cancer receiving continuous ADT. Methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model to calculate standardised mean differences between intervention and comparator groups. (PROSPERO; CRD42020185777). Results: Eleven studies (n= 536 participants) were included. Seven studies investigated the effects of dietary advice interventions, e.g. individual or group counselling, and four studies included a nutritional supplement. Eight studies combined the dietary intervention with exercise. Nine studies reported sufficient data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Dietary advice and supplementation interventions combined were not associated with significant changes in lean mass (0.05 kg; 95% CI: −0.17, 0.26; p= 0.674; n= 355), fat mass (−0.22 kg; 95% CI: −0.45, 0.01; p= 0.064; n= 336) or BMI (−0.16 kg*m
−2 ; 95% CI: −0.37, 0.04; p= 0.121; n= 399). Dietary advice interventions alone were associated with a significant fat mass reduction (−0.29 kg; 95% CI: −0.54, −0.03; p= 0.028; n= 266). Conclusions: Most studies were dietary advice interventions targeting caloric restriction, which showed the potential to reduce fat mass but did not increase lean mass in men treated with ADT. Future interventions should investigate whether a combination of dietary advice and protein supplementation with concomitant resistance exercise could counteract ADT-induced muscle wasting.- Published
- 2022
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4. Exercise intervention and sexual function in advanced prostate cancer: a randomised controlled trial
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Galvão, Daniel A, Taaffe, Dennis R, Chambers, Suzanne K, Fairman, Ciaran M, Spry, Nigel, Joseph, David, and Newton, Robert U
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ObjectivesTreatments for prostate cancer such as androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), surgery and radiation therapy can adversely affect sexual, urinary and bowel function. Preliminary research has demonstrated the efficacy of exercise to preserve sexual function in men with localised prostate cancer receiving ADT, though this has yet to be investigated in a metastatic setting. We examined the effects of a 12-week exercise programme comprising resistance, aerobic and flexibility training on sexual health and function in men with advanced prostate cancer.MethodsPatients with prostate cancer (70.0±8.4 year; body mass index 28.7±4.0 kg/m2) with bone metastases (rib/thoracic spine, 66.7%; lumbar spine, 43.9%; pelvis, 75.4%; femur, 40.4%; humerus, 24.6%; other sites, 70.2%) were randomly assigned to supervised exercise 3 days/week (n=28) or usual care (n=29). Sexual health and function were assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function, the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite and the EORTC-PR25 at baseline and 12 weeks.ResultsPatients attended 89% of planned sessions and there were no adverse events. After adjusting for baseline values, there was no significant difference between groups for any measure of sexual function and activity (p>0.05). Additionally, there was no significant difference between groups for urinary and bowel function assessed by the EORTC-PR25 (p>0.05).ConclusionsA short-term programme of supervised exercise does not appear to enhance indices of sexual health and function in men with advanced prostate cancer. Limitations of the intervention included the conservative modular exercise programme, which deliberately avoided loading bone metastatic sites.Trial registration numberACTRN12611001158954.
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- 2022
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5. Psychological distress in men with prostate cancer undertaking androgen deprivation therapy: modifying effects of exercise from a year-long randomized controlled trial
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Galvão, Daniel A., Newton, Robert U., Chambers, Suzanne K., Spry, Nigel, Joseph, David, Gardiner, Robert A., Fairman, Ciaran M., and Taaffe, Dennis R.
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Objectives: To assess the long-term effects of various exercise modes on psychological distress in men with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Patients and methods: 135 prostate cancer patients aged 43–90 years on ADT were randomized to twice weekly supervised impact loading and resistance exercise (ImpRes), supervised aerobic and resistance exercise (AerRes), and usual care/delayed supervised aerobic exercise (DelAer) for 12 months, and completed measures of psychological distress using the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18). BSI-18 provides three subscales for anxiety, depression, and somatisation, as well as the global severity index (GSI) where higher scores indicate higher distress. Results: Following the intervention, somatization was not different to baseline, however, there were significant interactions (p< 0.01) for depression, anxiety, and the GSI. In ImpRes, depression was reduced at 12 months compared to baseline and 6 months (0.78 ± 1.39 vs. 1.88 ± 3.24 and 1.48 ± 2.65, p< 0.001), as was the GSI (3.67 ± 4.34 vs. 5.94 ± 7.46 and 4.64 ± 4.73, p< 0.001) with anxiety reduced compared to baseline (1.08 ± 1.54 vs. 1.98 ± 2.56). Depression and the GSI decreased (p< 0.05) in AerRes at 6 months but increased by 12 months, while in DelAer the GSI was reduced at 12 months compared to 6 months (3.78 ± 3.94 vs. 5.25 ± 4.22, p= 0.031). Men with the highest level of anxiety, depression, somatization, and the GSI improved the most with exercise (p
trend < 0.001). Conclusion: Various supervised exercise modes (aerobic, resistance and impact loading) are effective in reducing psychological distress in men with prostate cancer on ADT. Those with the highest level of psychological distress improved the most. Supervised exercise should be prescribed to improve psychological health in prostate cancer patients on ADT.- Published
- 2021
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6. Effects of a Nighttime Multi-Ingredient Supplement on Recovery from a Damaging Exercise Protocol.
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HYDE, PARKER, FAIRMAN, CIARAN, COKER, NICHOLAS, KIELY, KEAGAN, YARBROUGH, MARY-BETH, PURSER, DAVID, and KENDALL, KRISTINA
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EXERCISE physiology ,DELAYED onset muscle soreness ,MUSCLE injuries ,PHYSICAL training & conditioning ,PLACEBOS ,ANALYSIS of variance - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a nighttime multi-ingredient supplement on noninvasive markers of recovery in resistance trained and untrained individuals. Forty-nine participants, both trained (n=25) and untrained (n=24) completed the randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study. Trained participants were randomly divided into supplement (n=12) and placebo (n=13) groups. Untrained participants were randomly divided into supplement (n=14) and placebo (n=10) groups. Two, 2 (supplement group) x 2 (training status) x 5 (time points) repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) were utilized to determine if an interaction for supplement group and training status existed for peak force (PForce) and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Four, 2 (supplement group) x 2 (training status) x 4 (time points) repeated measures ANOVAs was employed for SWVL-Long, SWVL-Tera, SWVL-Trans and ROM to determine interactions for supplement group and training status. For significant main effects, pairwise comparisons were utilized to determine at what time-points significant differences occurred. There were no significant interactions for either DOMS or PForce. However, significant main effects of time were observed for both variables (p<0.001). No significant interactions were determined for either training group, or supplement group for SWVL-Tera, SWVL-Trans, SWVL-Long, or ROM. Although the SWVL-Long had a significant main effect of time (p=0.033), post-hoc pairwise comparisons revealed no significant differences between time points. There was no effect of the nighttime multi-ingredient supplement for attenuation of symptoms associated with acute exercise induced muscle damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
7. Design and methods of a translational, community-based, lifestyle weight management pilot intervention trial in breast cancer survivors with overweight or obesity
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Haynam, Marcy L., Chaplow, Zachary L., DeScenza, Victoria R., Bowman, Jessica D., Dispennette, Kathryn, Zhang, Xiaochen, Kilar, Megan, Hohn, Stephanie, Fairman, Ciaran M., Lustberg, Maryam B., and Focht, Brian C.
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Breast cancer survivors (BCS) with overweight or obesity are at heightened risk of cancer recurrence, cardiometabolic disease, and compromised quality of life. Given the prevalence of significant weight gain during and following breast cancer treatment, there is growing recognition of the need to develop efficacious, widely-accessible, weight management programs for BCS. Unfortunately, access to evidence-based weight management resources for BCS remains limited and little is known of the optimal theoretical basis, program components, and mode of delivery for community-based interventions. The primary aim of the Healthy New Albany Breast Cancer (HNABC) pilot trial was to determine the safety, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of delivering a translational, evidence-based, and theory-driven lifestyle weight management intervention to BCS with overweight or obesity in the community setting.
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- 2023
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8. Utilization of an Anti-Gravity Treadmill in a Physical Activity Program with Female Breast Cancer Survivors: A Pilot Study.
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FAIRMAN, CIARAN M., KENDALL, KRISTINA L., HARRIS, BRANDONN S., CRANDALL, KENNETH J., and MCMILLAN, JIM
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BREAST cancer patients ,PHYSICAL fitness ,BREAST surgery ,CANCER patients ,CARDIOVASCULAR system ,HEALTH - Abstract
Breast Cancer survivors can experience a myriad of physical and psychological benefits as a result of regular exercise. This study aimed to build on previous research using lower impact exercise programs by using an antigravity (Alter-G®) treadmill to administer cardiovascular training. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness a physical activity program, including an Alter-G® treadmill, for improving physiological and psychosocial measures in female breast cancer survivors. A 14-week intervention using an AB-AB study design was employed. Six female breast cancer survivors were recruited to participate in the study. Participants attended three 60-minute sessions per week, consisting of a combination of muscular strength/endurance, and cardiovascular endurance exercises. Consistent with current literature and guidelines, exercise interventions were individualized and tailored to suit individuals. Data was collected and analyzed in 2013. Visual inspection of results found improvements in cardiovascular endurance and measures of body composition. Quality of life was maintained and in some cases, improved. Finally, no adverse effects were reported from the participants, and adherence to the program for those who completed the study was 97%. The results of this study suggest that the use of a physical activity program in combination with an Alter-G® treadmill may provide practical and meaningful improvements in measures of cardiovascular endurance and body composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
9. Functional Performance in Older Adults after a Combination Multicomponent Exercise Program and Bingo Game.
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CRANDALL, K. JASON, FAIRMAN, CIARAN, and ANDERSON, DEWIGHT
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EXERCISE ,BINGO ,BODY mass index ,WEIGHT measurement ,SUSTAINABILITY ,QUALITY of life ,BODY weight - Abstract
Inexpensive exercise interventions are needed to attract and retain older adults to participate in sufficient amounts of exercise to improve functional performance (FP). This study examined the addition of a program enhancing game, bingo, to a multicomponent exercise program (Bingocize
TM ). Older adults (18 women, M age = 75.1 (8.63) years, participated 2 days per week (45- 60 minute sessions) for 10 weeks. Participants sat at tables with bingo cards, balance pads, and exercise bands. Exercises were alternated with rolls of bingo until a participant won the bingo game. Pre and post body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), and FP were measured. FP was assessed using the Senior Fitness Test battery. Using paired-sample t-tests, significant improvements were found in all FP measures, but not in BW or BMI (p ? .05). The low-cost, sustainability, and ease of implementation suggest BingocizeTM may be a novel and enjoyable alternative to traditional older adult group exercise interventions. Our results should be interpreted with caution due to the lack of a control group and small sample size. Future research could examine changes in activities of daily living, quality of life, and other measures of functional fitness in this and other populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
10. Women and exercise in aging.
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Kendall, Kristina L. and Fairman, Ciaran M.
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Aging is associated with physiological declines, notably a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) and lean body mass, with a concurrent increase in body fat and central adiposity. Interest in women and aging is of particular interest partly as a result of gender specific responses to aging, particularly as a result of menopause. It is possible that the onset of menopause may augment the physiological decline associated with aging and inactivity. More so, a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome (an accumulation of cardiovascular disease risk factors including obesity, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose) has been shown in middle-aged women during the postmenopausal period. This is due in part to the drastic changes in body composition, as previously discussed, but also a change in physical activity (PA) levels. Sarcopenia is an age related decrease in the cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle fibers that consequently leads to a decline in physical function, gait speed, balance, coordination, decreased BMD, and quality of life. PA plays an essential role in combating physiological decline associated with aging. Maintenance of adequate levels of PA can result in increased longevity and a reduced risk for metabolic disease along with other chronic diseases. The aim of this paper is to review relevant literature, examine current PA guidelines, and provide recommendations specific to women based on current research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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11. Women and exercise in aging
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Kendall, Kristina L. and Fairman, Ciaran M.
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Aging is associated with physiological declines, notably a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) and lean body mass, with a concurrent increase in body fat and central adiposity. Interest in women and aging is of particular interest partly as a result of gender specific responses to aging, particularly as a result of menopause. It is possible that the onset of menopause may augment the physiological decline associated with aging and inactivity. More so, a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome (an accumulation of cardiovascular disease risk factors including obesity, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose) has been shown in middle-aged women during the postmenopausal period. This is due in part to the drastic changes in body composition, as previously discussed, but also a change in physical activity (PA) levels. Sarcopenia is an age related decrease in the cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle fibers that consequently leads to a decline in physical function, gait speed, balance, coordination, decreased BMD, and quality of life. PA plays an essential role in combating physiological decline associated with aging. Maintenance of adequate levels of PA can result in increased longevity and a reduced risk for metabolic disease along with other chronic diseases. The aim of this paper is to review relevant literature, examine current PA guidelines, and provide recommendations specific to women based on current research.
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- 2014
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12. Response to: ‘A reminder of the importance of not losing the forest through the trees in the appraisal of systematic review findings’
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Focht, Brian C and Fairman, Ciaran M
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- 2019
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13. Bingocize: Combining exercise and bingo to improve functional fitness and reduce fall risks in older adults.
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Crandall, Jason, Anderson, DeWight, and Fairman, Ciaran
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EXERCISE ,BINGO ,PHYSICAL fitness for older people ,ACCIDENTAL fall prevention ,HEALTH of older people - Abstract
Physical activity has been documented to provide many benefits in older adults including slowing physiologic changes of aging and promoting psychological and cognitive well-being. Although the benefits of physical activity have been well documented, many older adults do not participate in the recommended amounts necessary to elicit the known benefits. For example, only 8.1% of adults 65 to 74 participate in 10 or more minutes of vigorous physical activity three to four times per week. Various reasons for their lack of participation have been ascertained including discomfort, fear of injury, social isolation, and fear of falling (Dunlap, 1999)(Lees, 2005). To address this problem, a collaborative partnership was formed between a service coordinator and a local college (Kentucky Wesleyan College Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion - aka KWC). KWC's departments weave service-learning experiences throughout their curriculum to provide undergraduate students field experience and research opportunities. The service coordinator, KWC collaboration resulted in a replicable fitness program for seniors called BingocizeTM which consists of two-three 60 minute exercise sessions per week that begin with the participants sitting at tables with bingo cards, balance pads and resistance bands. After every two exercises, a letter and number combination is announced for the game. This pattern of exercises is followed by calling a bingo letter/number combination. The pattern is continued until a participant wins the game. Small household products are awarded to the bingo game winner. A study to determine the efficacy of the program was begun in the fall of 2012. Preliminary results show improved functional fitness measures including mobility, balance, muscular strength, and flexibility. Also, because college students created and administered the program, the social engagement between the participants and the community was extremely positive. Bingocize™ has proved to be an inexpensive, effective, enjoyable, and easily replicated way to improve physical activity adherence and ultimately health- related quality of life in the older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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