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Barbituric, thiobarbituric acids and their related analogs are reactive synthons for the synthesis of drugs and biologically, and pharmaceutically active pyrimidines. The present review aimed to summarize the recent advances in the synthesis of different alkylsubstituted, fused cycles, spiro-, and binary heterocycles incorporated pyrimidine skeleton based on barbituric derivatives. In this sequence, the eco-friendly techniques under catalytic conditions were used for the diverse types of multicomponent reactions under different conditions for the synthesis of various types of heterocycles. Nano-catalysts are efficient for the synthesis of these compounds in high yields and effective catalyst reusability. The compounds are potent antibacterial, cytotoxic, xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities, and attend as urease inhibitors. The projected mechanisms for the synthesis of pyranopyrimidines, benzochromenopyrimidines, chromeno-pyranopyrimidines, spiroxyindoles, oxospiro-tricyclic furopyrimidines, pyrimidine-based monoand bicyclic pyridines were discussed. The potent and diverse biological activities for instance, antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxic, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities, as well as urease inhibitors, are specified.

Several pyridopyrimidine derivatives have been synthesized through different synthetic processes. The different physicochemical factors for their synthesis were also discussed. A comparison between the conventional and microwave-assisted synthesis was conducted by comparing total time of reaction and its yield percentage. Most of the produced uracils were established for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant activities. Compounds 1and 3were demonstrated as the best results against DNA damage, whereas compounds 2aand 2bexhibited an effective anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, the Lipinski rule parameters were calculated for the synthesized compounds. The results indicated that compounds 1, 2aand 5have good potential for subsequent development bioactivity.

Dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,g]azonine-6,13-dione (2) has been used as a precursor in the synthesis of the indolo[2,3-e]dibenzo[b,g]azonine and tribenzo[b,g,j][1,6]diazacyclododecine ring systems 6and 7respectively viaa Fischer indolization/periodate oxidation sequence. Fischer indolization of the (1,4-phenylenedihydrazono) derivative 8gave the polycyclic system 9. The Schmidt reaction of 2led to the formation of the benzimidazo[1,2-b] [2]benzazepine ring system 11. The Mannich reaction of 2led to the spirocyclic system 15. The reactions of 2with aldimines and aromatic aldehydes were also investigated.

Recent progress in the synthesis and use of enaminonitriles as precursors for carbocyclic and heterocyclic compounds is reviewed. The synthetic routes for preparation of enaminonitriles are based on addition and condensation reactions. Enaminonitriles can be used as building blocks for carbocyclic, five, six, and seven-membered heterocycles as well as fused heterocyclic compounds. Biological and industrial applications of heterocycles derived from enaminonitriles are also discussed.

Tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]azonin-2,7-dione (2a) has been used as a precursor in the synthesis of dibenzo[ b,f ][1,5]diazacyclododecene and dibenzo[b,g][1,6]diazacyclododecene ring systems 4 and 5, respectively, via periodate oxidation of the appropriate indolo-benzo[b]azonines 3 and 7. The synthesis of hexahydro-benzo[b][1,4]diazecin-2,7-dione (10) has been achieved by the Schmidt reaction of 2a.

A variety of polyfunctionally substituted pyridines were prepared by reacting enaminonitriles with formaldehyde and active methylene reagents or cinnamonitrile derivatives. Eine Reihe von polyfunktionell substituierten Pyridinen wurde durch Reaktion von Enaminonitrilen mit Formaldehyd und aktiven Methylenreagenzien oder Cinnamonitrilen dargestellt.

β-Thiocyanatomethyl cinnam onitrile derivatives coupled with aromatic diazonium salts to afford the corresponding azo com pounds, which undergo reductive cyclization into pyrrole derivatives

A variety of new functionalized 4‐hetarylpyrazole and furopyrazole derivatives are synthesized via reaction of 5‐hydroxypyrazole (I) with appropriate nucleophiles.

The title compounds of anticipated diverse biological activities are synthesized from laboratory‐available starting materials.

Review: 146 refs.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.