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La tuberculosis (TB) continúa siendo un problema de salud pública grave. En la edad pediátrica existe gran dificultad para obtener un diagnóstico de certeza. La principal forma de presentación es la pulmonar, con mayor riesgo de formas graves y extrapulmonares en menores de 2 años. El objetivo del estudio es describir la TB en población pediátrica en nuestro medio en los últimos años.

The target trial framework has emerged as a powerful tool for addressing causal questions in clinical practice and in public health. In the healthcare sector, where decision-making is increasingly data-driven, transactional databases, such as electronic health records (EHR) and insurance claims, present an untapped potential for answering complex causal questions. This narrative review explores the potential of the integration of the target trial framework with real-world data to enhance healthcare decision-making processes. We outline essential elements of the target trial framework, and identify pertinent challenges in data quality, privacy concerns, and methodological limitations, proposing solutions to overcome these obstacles and optimize the framework’s application.

Evaluar la proporción de afiliados al Seguro de Salud del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires con adherencia primaria a: 1) bifosfonatos para la prevención secundaria de fractura osteoporótica; 2) insulina y metformina para el tratamiento de diabetes tipo 2, y 3) tamoxifeno en el contexto del tratamiento del cáncer mamario.

La bronquiolitis vírica aguda (BA) es una de las enfermedades respiratorias más frecuentes en los lactantes. Sin embargo, los criterios utilizados para su diagnóstico son heterogéneos e insuficientemente conocidos.

Intrathoracic masses are infrequent in children. We report the case of a 15 year old boy suffering Klinefelter syndrome who was referred to our hospital whith a casual radiographic finding of an intrathoracic mass, which occupied over 2/3 of the left hemithorax. The increased risk of neoplasm development in Klinefelter syndrome, mainly breast cancer and primary mediastinal germ cell tumors, especially between 15 and 30 years of age is wellknown. The existence of immature elements in the pathology study of the teratoma allows the classification of mature and immature tumors, their aggressiveness, treatment and prognosis depending on this. In our case, we found a solid mass of 10×15×17 cm located in the anterior mediastinum with areas of necrosis and small calcifications which was reported as an immature teratoma in the pathology report. Due to the large tumor size and its relationship to near structures, chemotherapy treatment was initiated in a failed attempt to reduce the mass, followed by surgical resection and 2 more chemotherapy cycles. Plasma levels of alfa-feto-protein and beta-HCG were highly increased at diagnosis but they were notably reduced after surgery and normalized at the end of the treatment and during the follow up.

Abstract: Acute pancreatitis is a complication of L-asparraginase in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Children with ALL are treated with corticosteroides, which are also associated with pancreatitis. Two L-asparraginase-induced pancreatitis cases in children with ALL are here reported.