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• The study found that older adults generally exhibit a moderate level of happiness and a slightly higher level of optimism. • Older adults with Negative Past and fatalistic Present perspectives tend to experience lower levels of happiness and optimism. Conversely, those with a hedonistic view of the present and a positive view of the future tend to exhibit higher levels of happiness and optimism. • Older adults with a pessimistic outlook toward past experiences or the future may require additional emotional support and targeted interventions to foster a more positive mindset. • The study underscores the role of nursing professionals in facilitating this process by encouraging older adults to reflect on positive experiences and events, focus on living in the present moment, and maintain an optimistic outlook. With the global population of older individuals increasing rapidly, it is important to understand the factors contributing to their well-being. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between older adults' time perspective and their experiences of happiness and optimism. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a substantial sample size of 300 older adults from January to March 2023. The study utilized reliable and validated measures, including the Short Version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory and the Arabic Scales of Happiness, Optimism, and Pessimism. The study found that older adults with a negative view of the past (PN perspective) had lower levels of happiness (r=-0.374, p<0.01), while those with a hedonistic view of the present (PH perspective) had higher levels of happiness (r=0.266, p<0.01). Additionally, a fatalistic view of the present (PF perspective) was associated with lower levels of happiness (r=-0.178, p<0.05) and optimism (r=-0.168, p<0.05). Negative views of the future (FN perspective) were correlated with lower happiness levels (r=-0.546, p<0.01), while positive views of the future (FP perspective) were associated with higher levels of optimism (r=0.432, p<0.01). Older adults with a balanced time perspective, marked by positive and negative views of the past and an optimistic outlook on the future, reported moderate happiness and optimism. Older adults with a negative view of the past and a fatalistic view of the present tend to have lower levels of happiness and optimism. On the other hand, those who have a hedonistic view of the present and a positive view of the future tend to have higher levels of happiness and optimism. Older adults with a pessimistic outlook toward past experiences or the future may require additional emotional support and targeted interventions to foster a more positive mindset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Medication nonadherence is one of the most complicated health issues, with significant adverse and underestimated effects. • Health anxiety is one of the older adults' psychosocial factors that might be affect their medication adherence. • Fatalism is one of these beliefs that may impact attitudes toward medication adherence. • The study found a statistically significant negative relationship found between the studied geriatric clients' fatalism and health anxiety with their medication adherence. This study explored the relationship between health anxiety, fatalistic beliefs, and medication adherence among geriatric clients. Also, it determines the extent to which health anxiety and fatalism can predict the variance in medication adherence among the same population of geriatric clients. A cross-sectional analytical survey on 200 eligible participants using the Arabic Version of the Short Health Anxiety Inventory, Fatalism Scale, and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 items. The study found a statistically significant negative relationship between the studied geriatric clients' fatalism and health anxiety and their medication adherence (r = -0.160, - 0.187, and P = 0.024, 0.008), respectively. This study highlights the importance of considering psychological factors such as health anxiety and fatalistic beliefs in addressing medication adherence among geriatric clients. By addressing these factors, healthcare providers can develop more effective strategies to improve medication adherence and ultimately improve the health outcomes of geriatric clients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Weight concerns play an important partial mediating role in how seasonal variations predict older adults 'eating behaviors. • Weight concerns were positively associated with seasonal changes but not seasonal winter symptoms. • There is a significant positive relationship between eating behavior, weight concerns, and seasonal changes • Older adults who experience changes in their seasonal behavior are more likely to have weight concerns, which in turn, influence their eating behavior. • Older adults might benefit from information about seasonal weight variations to accommodate appropriate eating behaviors during these seasons. Weight concerns are common among older adults, and it is unclear how they may impact the relationship between seasonality and eating behaviors, which can contribute to various health-related issues. This study investigated the mediating role of weight concerns in the relationship between seasonality and eating behavior among community-dwelling older adults. A descriptive correlational analytical design was used on 200 randomly chosen participants who completed the Personal Inventory for Depression and Seasonal Affective Disorder Self-Assessment Version, the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire, and the Weight Concern Subscale. A path analysis was conducted to test the hypothesized model. The study findings indicated that most older adults reported moderate-to-severe seasonal variations, moderate enjoyment of food, emotional overeating, emotional undereating, and food fussiness. Weight concern partially mediated the relationship between seasonality and eating behavior. By understanding the complex interplay between these factors, weight concerns may play an essential role in mediating the effects of seasonal changes on eating behavior, while seasonal winter symptoms may directly impact eating behavior. These results have potential implications for nurses' efforts to develop interventions to promote healthy eating behaviors and manage weight concerns during seasonal variations, especially in the winter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Axillary nodal status is crucial for the management of cases with recently diagnosed breast cancer; usually addressed via axillary ultrasonography (US) along with tissue sampling in case of suspicion. Axillary nodal dissection and sentinel biopsy may be done, but are rather invasive, carrying a potential complication risk, which raises the need for non-invasive, reliable, pre-operative axillary imaging. We aimed at evaluating the performance of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) regarding preoperative axillary evaluation, using functional information derived from diffusion capacity differences between benign and malignant tissue. We included 77 axillary nodes from 77 patients (age range 20–78 years, mean 50 ± 12.6 SD) in our prospective study, presenting with variable clinical breast complaints, all scoring BIRADS 4/5 on sonomammography (SM). They underwent axillary evaluation by both US and DW-MRI where US classified nodes into benign, indeterminate, or malignant by evaluating nodal size, shape, cortical thickness, and hilar fat. Qualitative DWI classified them into either restricted or not and a cut-off apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value was calculated to differentiate benign and malignant nodal involvement. Results for each modality were correlated to those of final histopathology, which served as the standard of reference. Results: The calculated sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV for US was 100%, 36.6%, 75.3%, 71.2%, and 100%, respectively. Statistical indices for qualitative DWI were 76.6%, 63.3%, 76.6%, 63.3%, and 71.4%, respectively (P value < 0.001). The calculated cut off value for ADC between infiltrated and non-infiltrated nodes was 0.95 × 10−3 mm2/s concluding statistical indices of 76.6%, 63.3%, 76.6%, 63.3%, and 71.4%, respectively (P value < 0.001). Conclusion: Combining DW-MRI to conventional US improves diagnostic specificity and overall accuracy of preoperative axillary evaluation of patients with recently discovered breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The purpose of the study was to show the value of combination of conventional MRI with DWI to raise the sensitivity and specificity considering the differentiation between pancreatic benign and malignant lesions. Patients and methods Study included 30 patients performed in the radiology department, Cairo University, as well as in a private center: 21 males and 9 females. Age of patients ranged between 27 and 76 years. The study was performed between August 2012 and April 2014. Patients were subjected to proper history taking, conventional MRI and DWI. Result In our study using combined qualitative analysis of diffusion weighted imaging and quantitative analysis of ADC values we found that results of diffusion weighted MRI are approaching that of contrast enhanced MRI not only in detecting pancreatic tumors but also in detection of tumor necrosis and liver metastasis which are essential information to reflect disease prognosis and treatment strategies. Conclusion Conventional MRI in combination with functional diffusion weighted imaging gave us helpful information regarding the characterization of pancreatic benign and malignant lesions. Diffusion weighted imaging may detect small masses better than conventional MRI although it has poor spatial resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]