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Riehnhoff: Imago: Employment, Equity Ownership. Levine:Loxo Oncology: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; CTI BioPharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Foundation Medicine: Consultancy.

Among BCR-ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and post PV/ET myelofibrosis (MF) are associated with the highest degree of morbidity and mortality, including progressive bone marrow (BM) fibrosis and resultant BM failure. Although the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib is now approved for the treatment of MF-associated splenomegaly and systemic symptoms, JAK inhibitor therapy does not reduce the proportion of JAK2-mutant cells in MPN patients. The limited ability of JAK inhibition to induce molecular or clinicopathologic responses in the majority of MPN patients underscores the need for the development of more effective therapies for JAK kinase-dependent malignancies.