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ABSTRACTThe subject of this paper is a living-room designed by Melbourne architect Maggie Edmond for her own use. Labelled on the plan Vienna Room, it forms part of a 2018 renovation of Edmond’s inner-city house in the Melbourne suburb of Carlton. Contextualised within recent studies of Australian interiors that use innovative forms of research and publication – exhibition, house biography, illustration – and referencing the work of Edward Hollis and Mario Praz, the paper employs the methodology of thick description, with some reference to iconology. This mode of research foregrounds the writing of the author/viewer as a locus of meaning, rather than, say, an imposed theoretical proposition. The room is treated as a pictorial device in which, it is argued, the architect’s arrangement of paintings, furniture, books, and decorative objects can be understood as a “family album,” a staging of personal and family heritage. The approach suits the aims of the paper which are, on the one hand, to explore the application of thick description to architectural interiors and on the other, to suggest how the Vienna Room might reflect back on Edmond’s practice as a founding partner of one of Melbourne’s most celebrated architectural firms, Edmond and Corrigan.

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the European colonisation of Portland Bay, Port Phillip District of New South Wales from 1828 to 1836. Its starting point is the mercantile origins of settlement which began with activities of sealers in the 1820s and whalers from 1833. In 1834 the Henty family from Launceston but originally from Sussex, England, established a permanent base there. The paper argues that these whaling establishments, hitherto unstudied in the architectural literature, with their industrial infrastructure (“grey architecture” after Bremner) were the beginning of European architecture in Victoria. Evidence is drawn from primary sources including sketches of the bay by John Helder Wedge (1835), the Henty Journals (1834–36), the 1835 watercolour of the bay by George Jackson and the record of Major Thomas Mitchell’s visit to the bay in 1836. By uncovering the Henty family’s extensive mercantile interests in Australia from their arrival on the Swan River in 1829 it reveals the relationship between whaling, trade, shipping, and settlement.

•Resistance to nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin and mecillinam was <10% for E. coliisolates.•Viable first-line treatments were not always available.•Trimethoprim and Trim/sulfa recommended as first-line despite high resistance.•Over-the-counter sales of furazidin could explain higher resistance to nitrofurantoin.•Russian patients had a higher risk of outpatient UTI caused by resistant E. coli.

ABSTRACTAcinetobacter baumanniihas emerged as an important opportunistic pathogen equipped with a growing number of antibiotic resistance genes. Our study investigated the molecular epidemiology and antibiotic resistance features of 28 consecutive carbapenem-resistant clinical isolates of A. baumanniicollected throughout Sweden in 2012 and 2013. The isolates mainly belonged to clonal complexes (CCs) with an extensive international distribution, such as CC2 (n= 16) and CC25 (n= 7). Resistance to carbapenems was related to blaOXA-23(20 isolates), blaOXA-24/40-like(6 isolates), blaOXA-467(1 isolate), and ISAba1-blaOXA-69(1 isolate). Ceftazidime resistance was associated with blaPER-7in the CC25 isolates. Two classical point mutations were responsible for resistance to quinolones in all the isolates. Isolates with high levels of resistance to aminoglycosides carried the 16S rRNA methylase armAgene. The isolates also carried a variety of genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. Several novel structures involved in aminoglycoside resistance were identified, including Tn6279, ΔTn6279, Ab-ST3-aadB, and different assemblies of Tn6020and TnaphA6. Importantly, a number of circular forms related to the IS26or ISAba125composite transposons were detected. The frequent occurrence of these circular forms in the populations of several isolates indicates a potential role of these circular forms in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes.

For individuals with grapheme-colour synaesthesia, letters, numbers and words elicit vivid and highly consistent colour experiences. A critical question in determining the mechanisms underlying the phenomenon is whether synaesthetic colours arise early in visual processing, prior to the allocation of focused attention, or at some later stage following explicit recognition of the inducing form. If the synaesthetic colour elicited by an achromatic target emerges early in visual processing, then the target should be relatively easy to find in an array of achromatic distractor items, provided the target and distractors elicit different synaesthetic colours. Here we present data from 14 grapheme-colour synaesthetes and 14 matched non-synaesthetic controls, each of whom performed a visual search task in which a target digit was distinguished from surrounding distractors either by its unique synaesthetic colour or by its unique display colour. Participants searched displays of 8, 16 or 24 items for a specific target. In the chromatic condition, target and distractor digits were presented in different colours (e.g., a yellow ‘2’ amongst blue ‘5’s). In the achromatic condition, all digits in the display were black, but targets elicited a different synaesthetic colour from that induced by the distractors. Both synaesthetes and controls showed the expected efficient (pop-out) search slopes when the target was defined by a unique display colour. In contrast, search slopes for both groups were equally inefficient when the target and distractors were achromatic, despite eliciting distinct colours for the synaesthetes under normal viewing conditions. These results indicate that, at least for the majority of individuals, synaesthetic colours do not arise early enough in visual processing to guide or attract focal attention. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that graphemic inducers must be selectively attended to elicit their synaesthetic colours.

Compared to other age groups, young novice drivers have a higher risk of being involved in road crashes. Recent research has indicated that, depending on certain passenger and driver characteristics, passengers can have either a positive or negative influence on driver behaviour and also that the principles of Crew Resource Management (CRM) training might be beneficial in addressing some of the problems associated with young driver behaviour when in the presence of passengers. This paper describes a program of research that was undertaken in order to investigate the potential application of CRM training principles within young driver training programs in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), a jurisdiction located in South-East Australia. The findings indicate that the application of CRM principles within young driver training is a viable concept to pursue, and that such interventions have the potential to significantly enhance the positive, and reduce the negative effects of passengers on young driver behaviour. In conclusion to this research, a set of recommendations for the development of an ACT-based trial young driver CRM training program are proposed, and recommendations for further research regarding CRM and driver training are discussed.

This paper describes experiments to record deformation profiles versus time in metallic rods subjected to transverse ballistic impacts. Rod materials included a tungsten alloy, four alloys of steel, titanium, and copper. The deformation profiles were analyzed to determine time resolved transverse plastic deformation wave speeds in all the rod materials and to estimate effective fracture shear strains in some of the materials. These material parameters are key elements in an analytical model to estimate deformations and failure in long rod penetrators subjected to transverse loads arising from non-ideal plate penetration geometries (yaw and obliquity). The rod materials were also subjected to tensile tests and Taylor anvil impact tests to measure static tensile and dynamic compressive strengths and longitudinal plastic wave speeds. The Taylor anvil and transverse rod impact tests together furnish the required dynamic material properties for comparing the penetration effectiveness of candidate rod materials and geometries.

This paper describes the development of mechanically coupled engineering models to predict transverse loading and response of long rod penetrators associated with high velocity perforation of thin to moderately thick plates. Test results for L/D = 20 tungsten alloy rods are presented to illustrate the distinct effects of impact yaw and obliquity on terminal ballistic transverse loading and response of rod penetrators. The yaw effects loading model considers the plate cutting contact force that travels down the side of the rod when yaw is sufficient for contact with the edge of the breaching hole. The obliquity effects model addresses transverse loading due to asymmetric pressure relief as the rod approaches the rear surface and exits the plate. In both cases, the loading is presumed to be impulsive and three-dimensional vector relationships are used to account for the complex encounter geometries associated with arbitrary combinations of impact yaw and obliquity. The response model includes predictions of rod deformation and fracture and post-perforation linear and angular velocity vectors of the residual rod. Model predictions are compared with test results for titanium and tungsten alloy rods.

The nature of Theocritean otium (hasychia)is not a new topic in the general field of Theocritean studies; sooner or later those critics who wish to come to terms with the poetic intent of the major Greek bucolic poet will have to arrive at some definition of the precise significance of that movement towards peace, harmony, and spiritual and intellectual fulfilment which provides the overriding impetus in pastoral. Rosenmeyer has done much, possibly more than most, towards a complete description of this ideal (yet enigmatic) state, and he is right, I think, to stress not only the centrality of otiumto the bucolic Idylls (‘Otiumis a keyword in the discussion of the pastoral’), but the unmistakable Epicurean bias of the work. This affinity with certain fundamental goals of Epicureanism suggests that one is to regard otiumas signifying a considerable amount more than that which can be deduced merely from the sum of its physical parts — shade, peace, music, sex. These aspects of existence are undoubtedly present in the poems, but ultimately they tend towards a definition of a more abstracted state, one which touches not simply pastores, Daphnis, and Lycidas, but the lot of man in general.

In reindeer, subjected to stress, marked changes were found in some blood constituents when compared with unstressed animals, i.e. the white blood cell composition, Cortisol and urea values.

We recently demonstrated that 25 mg of bromfenac, a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic, is at least as effective as 400 mg of ibuprofen in relieving postoperative oral surgery pain. Our objective in this study was to determine whether higher doses were significantly more effective. Two hundred eighty (280) outpatients with postoperative pain after the surgical removal of impacted third molars were randomly assigned, on a double-blind basis, a single oral dose of 10, 25, 50, or 100 mg bromfenac; 650 mg aspirin; 400 mg ibuprofen; or placebo. Subjects rated their pain and its relief for 8 hours. All active treatments were significantly superior to placebo, and bromfenac and ibuprofen were significantly superior to aspirin. The slope of the dose-response curve of bromfenac was significant. The 100 mg bromfenac dose was significantly more effective than the 400 mg ibuprofen dose and had a significantly longer duration of analgesic action.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of animal, breed and parity on postpartum reproductive functions in dairy cows. A total of 141 cows were included in the experiment, which was carried out as part of a study on traits affecting longevity in Swedish dairy cows. The cows belonged to 4 different breed-groups and were 1st to 5th calvers. The duration of the study was 3 years and 44 cows were followed during 1 postpartum period, 49 cows during 2 consecutive periods, 43 cows during 3 periods and 5 cows during 4 periods.

The effect of intrauterine iodine infusion on estrous cycle length was studied in four cows. The infusions were performed at various times of the estrous cycle: early, middle, late, and during luteolysis. Blood samples were drawn every third hour from the jugular vein. Progesterone and 15-keto-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F2a(the main metabolite of PGF2a) were measured to monitor luteal activity and prostaglandin release. No release of prostaglandins was observed immediately following intrauterine infusion. Infusion in two cows on day 5 of the estrous cycle resulted in prostaglandin release after 54 and 69 hrs., respectively, followed by luteal regression and the occurrence of estrus at approx. five days after infusion. Infusions performed on days 11 or 12 resulted in prostaglandin release after 147 and 120 hrs., respectively, followed by luteolysis and heat after a 19 day estrous cycle. Infusion in two cows at days 16 and 17 resulted in prostaglandin release after 117 hrs. in both animals. One cycle was prolonged whereas the other cycle was normal in duration. One cow infused on day 20 following the occurrence of the first prostaglandin surge had a cycle length of 26 days, whereas another cow infused on day 20 was not affected because luteolysis was essentially complete by the time of infusion. One animal infused on day 5 did not respond to the iodine infusion. In this animal, however, the corpus luteum was not completely developed prior to the infusion.

Multiple studies have shown patients have a positive attitude toward medical students in outpatient facilities, but it is unknown whether these results can be extrapolated to inpatients. The purpose of this study is to describe the patients’ attitude toward medical students in the inpatient facility and factors that may affect it. A 43-item questionnaire was provided to patients of the general surgery department; it gathered demographics, clinical condition, and patients’ opinions regarding the medical students’ involvement in their care. Eighty-four patients completed the questionnaire. Forty-three per cent were males and the average age was 56 years old (range, 26 to 86 years). Sixty-one patients (72.6%) felt that having medical students enhanced the care provided. Patients’ attitudes toward students were as follows: seven patients (8.3%) refused medical students, 40 (47.6%) accepted a limited involvement, and 37 (44%) offered no objections. Patients who refused medical students or preferred a limited involvement were more likely to 1) consider their health as good or excellent; 2) feel that the rounds were too early; and 3) feel that the residents did not spend enough time with them. More patients prefer that medical students have a limited involvement, especially when referring to minor procedures (e.g., nasogastric tube, intravenous line). Better more thorough communication with patients positively affects their attitudes toward students. More studies are required to confirm these results and to analyze other factors that may improve the patients’ attitudes toward medical students.

A personal narrative is presented which explores the author's experience of tuning pianos during concerts.

The article focuses on the aspects of colonial pastoralism in western Victoria, Australia. It states that colonial pastoralism is a collaborative and inter-disciplinary project that is led by Harriet Edquist, professor of architectural history at RMIT University, and Christine Reid, garden writer and historian. It further highlights that concept of project is to position homesteads and their landscapes such as gardens.