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In Huila, Colombia, small cacao producers (Theobroma cacao L) carry out their productive activities using traditional agroforestry practices, within an economic environment of globalization and free market. However, despite having a centuries-old cacao culture, cacao production systems show evidence of not being economically sustainable and may lose their function in the long term. The purpose of this article is to present the research findings to formulate a methodological model that ensures economic sustainability for cacao production systems, conducted at the Universidad Surcolombiana. The proposed new methodological model is based on calculating eleven indicators of financial sustainability for the cacao system, covering production, management, and marketing approaches and their subsequent synthesis into five indices, using techniques for standardization, weighting, and aggregation of indicators. The empirical results obtained through surveys of 228 cacao producers and 13 experts served as the basis for deriving economic sustainability indices, which reveal the heterogeneity in the management of cacao production systems and classify them into five groups. It is concluded that 6.58% of the plantations have very low sustainability, 22.81% have low sustainability, 47.37% are moderately sustainable, 21.93% have high sustainability, and 1.32% have very high sustainability. It also identifies an opportunity to increase the productivity of the cacao system in Huila by 60%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of URVIO - Revista Latinoamericana de Seguridad Ciudadana is the property of FLACSO - Ecuador (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this new era of multiploidization, economic globalization, and cultural diversification, countries are actively advocating the joint construction of a community of shared futures for mankind and countries paying attention to nurturing global competence (GC). The nine Sino-foreign cooperative universities (SFCUs) have made outstanding achievements in the cultivation of international talent. However, few studies have assessed how these SFCUs correspond to GC. Qualitative content analysis was conducted to identify talent cultivation in SFCUs by analyzing the objectives and curriculum documents collected from university websites. Five representative indicator systems were summarised based on the logic of modular elements, subject-object relationships, action procedures and 20 operational indicators. The objectives of SFCUs were then compared to the GC indicators and found to be highly aligned with GC. Finally, the curricula were organised into language courses, literacy courses, and applied courses, which aligned with 20 indicators of GC, reflecting the cultivation of various aspects such as students' global thinking, knowledge of the world's humanities, adaptability, creativity, leadership, respect for cultural diversity, and concern for cultural diversity. This indicator system can support the global competence cultivation of universities in China, creating better alignment with global competence indicators. The results can aid understanding the current status of GC in talent cultivation and provides recommendations to optimise talent cultivation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Green energy, human capital, and load capacity factor nexus is analyzed. • Human capital and green energy stimulate the load capacity factor. • Load capacity curve is valid in the context of ASEAN. • Economic globalization and population density reduce the load capacity factor. • Policies are directed to achieve SDGs 13 and 7. Climate control is one of the important targets of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which along with other SDGs plays an imperative role in environmental sustainability strategies. Recently, studies on the driving forces of climate change and environmental quality focus on using environmental indicators like CO 2 and ecological footprint (EF). Evidently, CO 2 emissions have been criticized on the ground that they cannot indicate environmental deterioration to a large extent. EF also focuses only on the consumption of resources and overlooks biocapacity (supply side). The adoption of green energy, which is the fundamental agenda of SDG 7, is the most practical solution toward energy transition and controlling fossil fuel consumption. Also, human-induced environmental challenges require considering factors like education and awareness to cultivate a green society. Against this background, this study employs the load capacity factor (LCF), which considers both supply and demand sides to gauge the environmental quality, and inspects the human capital (HUC), green energy (GEN), and environmental quality nexus using the data from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) from 1986 to 2018 in the context of the load capacity curve (LCC) hypothesis. Results of the cross-sectionally augmented ARDL, robust to heterogeneity, fractional integration, endogeneity, and cross-sectional dependence (CSD), established that the load capacity curve holds in the context of ASEAN. Thus, achieving a higher income level will support ASEAN to expand LCF and increase environmental quality. HUC is found to expand LCF and promote environmental quality. Similarly, green energy is found to stimulate LCF. However, population density and economic globalization expand environmental deterioration. The paper is concluded by providing detailed policies to enhance environmental quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Soziologie is the property of Campus Verlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Display omitted] • Examining relationship between Renewable Energy, Green Economic Growth, and Trade Openness in G-20. • The panel data of G-20 countries over the period from 1990 to 2018. • Dynamic simulated ARDL method for investigating the short run and long run association. • Economic growth and economic globalization have impact on both the short and long run-on renewable energy. • Trade openness is not influenced by renewable energy in both the short and long run. The nexus between renewable energy and green economic growth is multifaceted and promising. By transitioning to renewable energy sources, countries can simultaneously address climate change, promote sustainable development, and stimulate economic growth. The past few decades have seen increasing environmental hazards because of the ecological pressure exerted by humanity. Attaining sustainable development without harming the environment has immense importance in recent strands of literature. Thus, we employ novel dynamic ARDL simulations to explore the significance of the renewable energy and green economic growth nexus in both the short and long run, for large developed countries. Our findings indicate that green economic growth and economic globalization significantly enhance renewable energy consumption, and there is a long-term cointegration among the variables. The study further reveals that emissions are considerable despite the adoption of renewable energy in these highly industrialized countries. By prioritizing the transition to renewable energy, creating green jobs, enhancing energy efficiency, fostering innovation and research, and strengthening international cooperation, G-20 countries can lay the foundation for a sustainable and prosperous future. It is imperative that these policy implications are implemented effectively to address the urgent challenges of climate change and promote green economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciencia y Sociedad is the property of Ciencia y Sociedad and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose. This research aims to revisit the relationship between globalization and income inequality while improving on previous research. It also considers how technological advancements and human capital can alter this relationship in countries with different income levels worldwide. Methodology. This research is based on panel data regression models with multiplicative terms where, after controlling for other important inequality factors, different types of globalization are regressed using two alternative measures of income inequality. Multiplicative terms allowed us to analyze the heterogeneity of the globalization-inequality nexus, i.e., how it changed over the distribution of the moderating factors: technological advancements and human capital. Findings. The results show that different types of globalization impact income inequality differently: trade globalization reduces income inequality in some cases, while financial globalization can increase it. Education proved to moderate the effect of globalization on reducing income inequality; technological advancement, on the other hand, stimulates the impact of globalization in terms of increasing income inequality. Originality. This paper differs from previous research by focusing on multiple aspects of globalization, using additional TOP20/BOT20 estimates to measure income inequality and to explore the differences between the income inequality/globalization relationship based on the effects of education and technological advancement on countries with different income levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the accelerated globalization of digital commerce, Romania's integration into the international e-commerce ecosystem is a relevant case study. This paper explores the evolution, current state and future perspectives of Romania's e-commerce activities. We examine the main factors behind its success in this field, the challenges faced in the process and how technological innovations and strategic initiatives have been instrumental. We also analyze the wider implications of Romania's e-commerce growth on its economy and society. The research concludes by offering perspectives on future trends, highlighting the potential and opportunities ahead. This analysis serves as a basis for understanding how emerging economies can use e-commerce as a tool for global integration and economic advancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basic premise, which led to the realization of this paper, was actually to make an in-depth analysis of the virtual space and its direct impact on increasing the economic power of companies in the modern globalization conditions of business communication. Revolutionary progress promotes connectivity on a planetary scale, which in turn creates prerequisites for using the benefits of technical-technological inventions and building a new economic infrastructure. The subject of this paper is the virtual space, its economic power and its correlation with the classical economic environment. Virtual space is being promoted day by day as virtual reality, and its expansion is increasing enormously, so the ability of companies to take advantage of this space becomes an intensifying challenge because integrating into it changes the picture of the new economy, that is, it is becoming an electronic economy. The analytical method is used throughout the research because the formulation of the conclusions derives from the analysis of the problem - the virtual space and its economic power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the electricity access rate to measure progress towards the Sustainable Development Goal target for universal access to electricity by 2030, about 580 Millions African people lack electricity access. However, globalization offers technological innovation, financial resources and international cooperation opportunities to achieve universal electricity access. This paper investigates whether increasing globalization levels can help achieve the goal of expanding access to electricity services in Africa. The analysis is based on panel data of 36 African countries over the 2000–2017 period and system GMM for empirical estimations. Our findings indicate that economic, social, and political globalization matters for increasing access to electricity. We also find that economic globalization reduces disparities in access to electricity. Further decomposing of economic globalization indicates that financial globalization, FDI and trade openness increase access to electricity. Furthermore, while financial globalization and FDI widen disparities in access to electricity, trade openness negatively affects disparities. The results also indicate that economic growth is one of the important channels through which globalization enhances electricity access. Finally, we carry out sub-regional analyses and find that these patterns are robust across Sub-Saharan African countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of H-Industria: Revista de Historia de la Industria Argentina y Latinoamericana is the property of H-Industria, Revista de Historia de la Industria Argentina y Latinoamericana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Under the influence of world economic integration, globalization of science and technology information, and mass culture diversification, how does higher education move towards internationalization and reform teaching and innovation? Through the practice of Sino-US cooperation, we appreciate that under economic globalization, we must effectively combine management science with the practice of economic development, management theory with government administration and enterprise management, and China's achievements and value ideas with the experience of the United States. Without teaching innovation in this area, university education will wander in the traditional teaching mode for the long run, resulting in the separation from practice and gradually losing its practical and social value. We should introduce high-quality foreign educational resources scientifically, learn from relevant foreign educational philosophy and managerial experience and motivate students to study hard to achieve teaching quality recognized internationally. The purpose is to foster international composite talents who integrate Chinese and Western cultures, master advanced knowledge and technology, and meet the needs of China's economic construction and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pollution and globalization are current challenges for Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), especially in the context of negative effects of globalization on environment. The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of globalization index on CO2 emissions in the CEE countries that joined the EU in the period 2005-2021. The results based on a panel data approach with DOLS/FMOLS estimators confirm the hypothesis that globalization enhances pollution in this region, but a non-linear relationship was validated between CO2 emissions and globalization index. After reaching a maximum level, the CO2 emissions begin to decrease, while globalization enhances. On the other hand, economic freedom and electricity prices in household consumers had a positive impact on pollution. Renewable energy consumption has the capacity to reduce pollution, while higher electricity prices for non-household users discourage economic activities, which contribute to environmental protection. These empirical findings could support policy proposals to reduce pollution in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic liberalization is essential in managing the country's wealth, income, and expenditure to maintain stable economic growth. However, the current global economic development tends to slow down due to the enormous challenges in achieving economic liberalization. The study's purpose is to provide an overview to the government about several factors that affect economic growth for G20 members and to find out strategies that can be applied to maintaining economic growth amidst the effects of liberalization, globalization, and free Trade for G20 members countries. Using the panel fixed effect model to estimate the impact of macroeconomic variables such as Trade, foreign direct investment, government spending, and Inflation on the G-20 members' economic growth from 2016 until 2020. The result shows a significant negative impact of selected macroeconomic variables such as Foreign Direct Investment, government expenditure, and Inflation on economic growth, except for trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the developing model of economic globalization, robots have been given a considerable amount of attention by various manufacturing companies. These companies are facing a significant challenge due to handling uncertain events and meeting customers' requirements. The notion of quality function deployment (QFD) strongly supports the companies in analyzing the customer's requirements and in improving the quality of prod-ucts concerning customer's requirements. To improve the effectiveness and applicability of QFD, we propose q-rung orthopair oriented and revised QFD. The proposed methodol-ogy first obtains the group decision-making evaluation matrix and then utilizes the hybrid weight decider method for merging the prior weights with the objective weights obtained from the evaluation matrix. To find the accurate score of each q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS), we devise a modified score function. Based on the modified score function, the robotic machine assembly design evaluation problem has been technologically dealt with and analyzed with a proper methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bitácora Urbano/Territorial is the property of Bitacora Urbano/Territorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Contaduría y Administración is the property of Facultad de Contaduria y Administracion-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The economic and financial state of an emerging European country is undeniably closely related to the evolution and mechanisms that engage the European Union markets. The objective of this paper is to analyze in parallel the macroeconomic and capital market evolution of the Czech Republic, in the context of integration at European level, in order to highlight these connections and compare the path of these indicators with those of other emerging European countries. This paper studies the contagion of emerging markets to events that create inflections of markets at international level, as well as the correlations between the stock market and macroeconomic indices, in order to highlight those factors that lead to a direct influence of the macroeconomic and stock market environment. Through a descriptive analysis of the most relevant capital market indicators and macroeconomics, the study empirically addresses the evolution of the Prague stock exchange in parallel with the economic condition of the Czech Republic, finding similarities and differences in the behavior of these indices. For this analysis, the following indicators were selected: the total value of the traded shares, the number of domestic companies listed on the stock exchange, GDP per Capita, the annual evolution of GDP, the consumer price index, foreign direct investments, net inflows, as well as the current account balance. The study may represent a starting point in a broader analysis of the correlations of the economic and financial mechanisms that are based on the phenomenon of globalization, leading to the determination of common factors that affect the emerging markets in similar stages of development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the changing relationship between globalization and carbon emissions in the BRICS countries, using data from 1990 to 2021. We show that the effect of globalization on CO2 emissions is not static but varies over time. This is mainly attributable to the different dimensions of globalization. The influence of economic globalization has transitioned from positive to negative. In contrast, both social and political globalization shifted from being neutral and positive, respectively, to having adverse impacts. These findings underscore crucial policy implications, emphasizing the need for strategies that harness the potential of economic globalization while mitigating the adverse effects of social and political globalization. Policymakers are encouraged to advocate for green technologies and energy-efficient practices, and to tackle social and political factors that contribute to the surge in emissions. This promotes a balance between economic growth and environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we approach a chronological analysis of globalization from an economic dimension. We know this term of globalization has become increasingly used since the 1990s. The phenomenon of globalization as well as its effects are subject to many analyzes quantifying both the socio-economic advantages and disadvantages. However, far fewer have focused on a historical analysis of economic globalization. Starting from the definition of globalization - a process by which economies become more and more interconnected and interdependent - can we assert that globalization has its origins in the mists of history with the occurrence and development of the silk road? Although there are many opinions about when globalization began, we believe that based on the arguments presented in this research, the trade routes created during the Silk Road represent an important moment in the history and beginnings of globalization. Throughout history, socioeconomic events such as the first industrial revolution and the current digital revolution have led to the evolution of trade routes and the emergence of new technologies that have transformed the nature of trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The damage of regional economic development to ecological environment and ecological management caused by "economic globalization" have gradually aroused people's attention. At the same time, the relationship between the coupling and coordinated development of regional economic development and regional ecological environment as well as their spatial-temporal evolution has become an important research topic under the policy of "carbon neutrality" and "carbon peak". This research guided by the strategy of sustainable development principle, the coupling coordination development model based on constructing a CDO analyzes the regional economic development and the coupling relationship between the coordinated development of ecological environment pollution, and to explore and analyze the between the space-time evolution of the trend, and the sustainable development plan to improve the regional ecological environment protection to provide practical and effective method of governance. The results show that under the background of sustainable development strategy, there is a significant coupling relationship between regional economic development and ecological environmental pollution, with a coupling degree of 0.89 and a dependence degree of 92%. By reforming the region economy development mode, update equipment technology and strengthen the regional environmental quality promoting regional ecological environment protection, after the reform of the coupling between up new mode coupling coordinated development of regional economy and ecological environment, while significantly improve the regional ecological environment quality, which can effectively, reduce the risk of rural ecological environment, feedback the region economy development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the degree of economic globalization convergence in the high (European and Central Asia) and low (South Asia) globalized developing economies from 1984 to 2019. The sigma convergence and unit root test results indicate the presence of economic globalization convergence, which means countries are capable enough to catch up and follow the same transitional path in both regions. We utilize the two-step Lagrange Multiplier and the three-step Residual Augmented Least Squares unit root tests as robust checking convergence results. The results indicate the presence of economic globalization convergence across all countries and developing regions. The findings from the Phillips–Sul panel club convergence technique further support evidence of overall economic globalization convergence in both developing regions The findings also enable growing regions to take the unequal distribution of globalization policies. Developing regions should take adequate measures to curb the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak to sustain the higher speed of economic globalization in the long run. They should adopt club and sector-specific policies to achieve a high speed of convergence and efficient utilization of economic globalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In developing countries, the environmental externalities associated with globalization have become quite contentious among researchers and policymakers. To inform environmental policymakers and contribute to the debate on the globalization-environment nexus, this paper examines the effect of de facto economic, political and social globalization on Ghana's CO 2 emissions within the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) model. The nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model was used to estimate the effect of de facto economic, political and social globalization on Ghana's carbon emissions. The results suggest that a positive and negative change in political globalization increases CO 2 emissions in the long run, while a positive and negative change in social globalization reduces CO 2 emissions. The asymmetric results further revealed that both positive and negative changes to economic globalization have a neutral effect on CO 2 emissions. The long-run results from the symmetric autoregressive distributed lag model also showed that political, social, and economic globalization increased Ghana's CO 2 emissions by 0.600%, 0.239% and 0.293%, respectively. These findings suggest that globalization has been triggering an environmental " race to the bottom " in Ghana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite efforts to achieve universal access to safe drinkable water and improved sanitation, many Africans still lack access to these social services. There are also disparities between urban and rural areas in access to these services in Africa. If sustained, this adverse trend could undermine the achievement of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 6 to ensure access to safe drinkable water and sanitation for all by 2030. This paper examines the effect of globalization on access to clean water and improved sanitation in Africa over the 1990–2015 period. Based on the panel corrected standard errors estimator, the results show that overall globalization improves access to water and improved sanitation while increasing disparities between urban and rural areas in access to improved sanitation. Among the sub-indexes of globalization, social globalization enhances access to drinkable water and improved sanitation for the total, urban and rural population. However, social globalization widens the urban-rural gap in access to improved sanitation while its effect on disparities in access to drinkable water is not significant. Economic globalization reduces the share of the population with access to improved sanitation while its effects on access to drinkable water and the urban-rural disparities in access in both social services are not statistically significant. Finally, some differences are found when distinguishing between de facto and de jure aspects of globalization. Policy implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many African countries are endowed with huge natural resources but still lag behind as far as human development is concerned. This study examines the link between globalization, natural resource rents and human development in 49 African countries over the 2000–2017 period. We use the two-step Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimations to analyse data coming from UNDP, the World Bank, and the KOF globalization index dataset. Our findings show that globalization improves human well-being. When further decomposition is done, we find that economic, social and political globalizations are positively and significantly associated with human development index. We also find evidence of a natural resources-human development curse. Moreover, our results show that the magnitude of the improving effect of globalization on human development depends on the natural resource rents with threshold of 9.15 (%GDP) at which the positive effect of globalization becomes negative. Finally, we perform sub-regional analyses and find that these patterns are shown to be robust across Sub-Saharan African countries. The main lessons learnt from the study are that African countries should care about how to seize opportunities offered by globalization and avoid rent-seeking behaviours when endowed with natural resource rents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Our study investigates the impact of economic globalization on CO2 emissions through energy consumption pathway in China. • This study found that the lead-lag relationship between selected variables reverses with frequency change. • The result shows that non-renewable energy consumption leads to the scale of trade openness, leading to higher CO2 emissions. • The result shows that net inflows of foreign direct investment lead to non-renewable energy consumption, resulting in more CO2 emissions. • These findings propel us to seek a balance between energy consumption and economic globalization in China. Despite the importance of understanding the impact of economic globalization on CO2 emissions through renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, previous studies have yielded contradictory results. This study addresses this gap by examining the relationship between trade openness, foreign direct investment, renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy consumption, and CO2 emissions in China using wavelet analysis. The methodology allows for simultaneous evaluation of the commonality between variables in both time and frequency domains. The results reveal that the causality between variables varies with frequency, with notable reversals in lead-lag relationships. Economic globalization affects CO2 emissions differently through renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, with distinct short-term and long-term dynamics. The findings highlight the need for credible energy transition programs, increased renewable energy utilization, and strengthened global cooperation to balance economic globalization and environmental quality in China. Future research could explore heterogeneity among provinces, nonlinear and asymmetric effects, and expand the scope to other developing economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the steady increase in women's labor force participation, there are still substantial cross-country variations in women's rates of gainful employment and gender-linked occupational inequality. Utilizing micro-data for 41 countries (circa 2013) obtained from the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS, 2023), we examine the extent to which globalization and each of its three components – economic, social, and political – affect gender-based economic inequality. Specifically, we investigate the effects of globalization and each of its components on two outcomes: the relative odds of women's labor force participation, and of their obtaining lucrative managerial and professional jobs (vertical segregation). The findings establish a positive relationship between globalization and the relative odds of women participating in the work force. However, there is also a negative relationship between globalization and women's odds of obtaining lucrative managerial and professional jobs. The findings also indicate that social globalization is more consequential for gender inequality in the labor market than either economic or political globalization. We discuss the findings in light of theory and previous research on globalization and gender-based inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of digitalization in industrial sector surely gives impact to several sectors, particularly in business. The development of information technology and rapid economic globalization have initiated the role of e-commerce in economic trading activities over the globe. It takes numerous of researches to initiate online new business. Therefore, it is important to reveal the existence of gap among previous researches. Systematic literature review method is applied to analyse the role of e-commerce in trading activity as well to provide the improvement for future researches. As many as 28 e-commerce related literatures are analysed comprehensively and systematically based on protocol review. The result of research confirms the opportunity for future research on e-commerce system that enables the integration on business processes. The supporting variables of e-commerce include business branding, social and economic development, efficient system e-commerce platform, framework application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, China's economy is developing rapidly, and the trend of economic globalization is becoming increasingly obvious. As a small and medium-sized enterprise with insufficient market competitiveness, how to deal with these challenges is an urgent problem to be considered. Especially in human resource management, small and medium-sized enterprises still use the traditional management mode, which can not meet the new requirements of human resource management under the current information conditions. Therefore, on the basis of being familiar with the main technologies of the system, this paper analyzes the requirements of human resource management system from the aspects of system role, system function, system non function, etc., and expounds the design and implementation process of the system in detail from the aspects of system overall design, system function realization, etc. The results show that the system meets the needs of enterprises, the system interface is beautiful and easy to use, the operation is fast and convenient, and the functions are complete and powerful, which is very conducive to improving the human resource management level of enterprises, and the economic benefit is relatively high. Hope to help small and medium-sized enterprises solve some problems in human resource management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past few years, globalization has become increasingly popular. In addition to having a theoretical significance, it is also a political and ideological slogan that mobilizes supporters and opponents for certain actions, not just in the sphere of politics, economics, or sociology. A key characteristic of the late 20th and early 21st century world economy is globalization. Despite having been slowed down or blocked in various ways, it has also been strengthened by global institutions that regulate economic activity in various ways. This activity gradually takes on the characteristics of a global strategy, first through regionalization, then more broadly. Several economic factors had an impact on the process of adaptation, including a change in the structure of the world market, the division of labor, and a change in the way "center" and "periphery" were defined. These factors gave birth to a global process that encompassed most countries, giving it a global character. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today's Transnational Companies (TNCs) have gained an increased role in the diplomatic realm, due to recent globalization developments. International relations focus around trade liberalization and creation of deep interdependencies limiting the use of hard power as a coercive method. The 1990's, Joseph's Nye concept of soft power has gained importance in the political and economic diplomatic negotiations, influencing also the TNCs internationalization decisions, leading to a deeper market globalization. The speed of globalization development and dynamics of international relations brought to the forefront a new type of power: smart power. Today's world is dominated by two major economic actors: USA and China, and their sensitive bilateral relations has brought into light a modern Thucydides' Trap. To avoid a potential war, each country used different smart power strategies: China had a long run-oriented strategy with smaller gains, while the USA aimed for a big impact in a short period of time, obtaining opposite results influencing the global business environment, and the TNCs performances worldwide. The research objective is to analyze the impact of the two opposite smart power strategies on the main TNCs by country, comparing their revenues, profits and changes in profit, of the first top 10 rankings presented in Forbes 500 during a time period starting 2018 (since the "tariff war" began) to 2021 (present). The main results emphasized that economic power is divided among TNCs from the USA and China, despite the existence of tense diplomatic and economic relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Sociology / Sosyoloji Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Universitesi Edebiyat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Iş, Güç: The Journal of Industrial Relations & Human Resources is the property of Is, Guc: The Journal of Industrial Relations & Human Resources and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the development of economic globalization and modern information and communication technology, the situation of communication fraud is becoming more and more serious. How to identify fraudulent calls accurately and effectively has become an urgent task in current telecommunications operations. Affected by the sample set and the current state of the art, the current machine learning methods used to identify the imbalanced distribution dataset of positive and negative samples have low recognition accuracy. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new hybrid model solution that uses feature construction, feature selection and imbalanced classes handling. A stacking model fusion algorithm composed of a two-layer stacking framework with several state-of-the-art machine learning classifiers is adopted. The results show that the risk user identification model based on mobile network communication behavior established by our stacking model fusion algorithm can accurately predict the category labels of telecom users and improve the risk of telecom users. The generalization performance of the identification is high, which provides a certain reference for the telecommunications industry to identify risk users based on mobile network communication behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globalisation is the concept used to describe the economic, financial and social interdependence of states, generated by cross-border trade in goods, services, information, investment, technology and people. Demographic, political, technological evolution, economic interests and many other factors influence globalization, the general definition of which is modulating according to the realities of each generation. In this context, the academic environment updates the specialized literature, nuanced the terminology and theoretical aspects according to the evolution of the phenomenon, which is constantly changing. In the current context in which humanity is, in the midst of a global health crisis and with the prospect of an economic crisis, globalization brings benefits and disadvantages alike and returns to the attention of academia. Thus, the dilemma "Globalization or deglobalization?" becomes more topical than ever. This paper is an introspection in the conceptual aspects of globalization, in order to highlight the advantages brought to the economic and financial evolution, the factors of influence, as well as the risks that an interconnected society has. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Economicas: Investigacion y Reflexion is the property of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Relaciones Internacionales, Estrategia y Seguridad is the property of Revista de Relaciones Internacionales, Estrategia y Seguridad and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study investigates the nexus between environmental degradation, energy use, and globalization using Markov-switching (MS) models which previous studies on Ghana have not considered. We utilize this method because of its ability to detect possible non-linear relationships. The Neural Network Autoregression (NNAR [p, k]) model is also employed to predict carbon-dioxide (CO2) emissions for the country over the next decade. In doing so, secondary time-series data on CO2 releases, per capita gross domestic product (GDP), energy use, and KOF (Konjunkturforschungsstelle) globalization indexes spanning the period 1971-2016 are employed. The results from all three MS estimations show no support for the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in Ghana. The results further demonstrate that energy use and an overall globalization index result in more CO2 emissions causing deterioration of the environment. Economic globalization is also revealed to harm the environment whereas social and political globalization have different effects in different regimes. The forecast results from the NNAR (14, 8) estimation also indicate that Ghana will have an upward trajectory of CO2 discharge for the next decade. The implication of the findings is that there is an urgent need for strengthening and/or revising environmental policies in the country with greater focus on mitigation strategies in line with the Paris Agreement and Kyoto Protocol. These measures are likely to curb CO2 emissions as the economy expands. Recommendations and areas for further research to improve the environmental quality in Ghana are also provided for policy consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, incidents of forced migration, human trafficking and cross-border prostitution are interpreted as negative consequences of globalization. Data for this paper are taken from Chika Unigwe's novel, On Black Sisters' Street, which privileges a state of heightened feminization of migration for clearly exploitative intention(s). The novel reinforces the capacity of literature to implicate the globalization of economic opportunities, which has been identified as one of the factors responsible for forced migration and the trafficking of vulnerable women into crossborder prostitution. Thus, the novel privileges vulnerability as a major condition for trapping disadvantaged women into the intricate web of sexual enslavement, exploitation, bodily harm, and sometimes brutal death. The paper concludes that the condition of vulnerability, push/pull factors, and the socio-economic problems created by globalization in disadvantaged countries must be addressed, to deprive vices such as human trafficking and cross-border prostitution virile recruiting grounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the trend of economic globalization, distributed manufacturing widely exists in modern manufacturing systems. As an extension of the distributed flowshop scheduling problem, the distributed no-wait flowshop group scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setup times (DNFGSP_SDSTs) is investigated in this article. To address DNFGSP_SDSTs with the criterion of minimizing makespan, this study proposes an enhanced estimation of distribution algorithm·(EEDA) with problem-specific knowledge. First, a mixed integer linear programming(MILP) model of DNFGSP_SDSTs is established. Second, based on the characteristics of DNFGSP_SDSTs, five problem-specific properties about local search operators are derived as prior knowledge to reduce computational cost. Third, two NEH-based two-stage heuristics are presented to construct a high-quality population with diversity. Fourth, a probability model with problem-specific knowledge and a family-based updating mechanism are developed to accumulate valuable pattern information from high-quality solutions, while a sampling strategy is designed to generate new populations with the accumulated information. Fifth, several local search operators are devised to refine the obtained solutions. Furthermore, perturbation and reinitialization methods are developed to avoid premature convergence. Finally, the validity of the MILP model is verified by using the Gurobi solver. The parameters of EEDA are tuned through a design of experiments. The effectiveness of key components in EEDA is confirmed through extensive experiments, and the computational comparisons with the state-of-the-art algorithms indicate the effectiveness of the proposed EEDA for solving DNFGSP_SDSTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• AI adoption is a continuum rather than a dichotomous. • The underlying causes of global governmental AI adoption divide is explored. • Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) models are utilized. • Technological infrastructure, institutional quality, finance resources, population structure, economic development and globalization are important. Despite the recognized potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve governance, a significant divide in AI adoption exists among governments globally. However, little is known about the underlying causes behind the divide, hindering effective strategies to bridge it. Drawing on the AI capability concept and the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, this study employs Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) models to analyze the multifaceted factors influencing AI adoption by governments worldwide. The results underscore the critical roles of internet security and internet usage within the technological dimension, regulatory quality, government effectiveness, government expenditure, rule of law, and corruption control within the organizational dimension, and globalization, median age and GDP per capita within the environmental dimension. Notably, our analysis explores the intricate effects of these variables on government AI adoption, identifying inflection points where their impacts undergo significant shifts in magnitude and direction. This nuanced exploration provides a comprehensive understanding of government AI adoption globally and illustrates targeted strategies for governments to bridge the AI adoption divide, making theoretical, methodological and practical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Checking oil revenue and production cost disconnect and its environmental impact. • Effects of the shadow economy and globalization on the environment are also checked. • There is a disconnect between production costs and oil revenues. • Extraction, refinement, and transportation of oil contribute to climate change. • Oil revenue minus shadow economy costs improves the environment. The global economy relies heavily on oil production, but it is not without challenges. During the period of economic globalization, the revenue and costs associated with oil production have become disjointed, which has had a detrimental effect on the environment. As a result, environmental protection has been compromised, environmental regulations have been weakened, natural resources have been exploited, and climate change has been exacerbated. This study examines the impact of revenue minus the production cost of oil, energy use, and shadow economy on environmental degradation in APEC countries from 1991 to 2020, using the economic globalization index as a moderating variable. The result explains that revenue minus the oil production cost and the shadow economy are negatively associated with environmental degradation. Energy use and economic globalization are positively associated with environmental degradation in APEC countries. Revenue minus the production cost of oil and shadow economy improve the environment. Energy use and economic globalization degrade the environment in APEC countries. Policymakers are encouraged to advance technologies and upgrade infrastructure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions; also, promoting energy-efficient practices in other sectors, like transportation and manufacturing, could contribute to a healthier environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extension of border controls beyond Europe's territory to regulate the flows of would-be migrants is a popular - and highly controversial - policy approach adopted by European governments. The present paper examines recent developments characterizing the externalization of border management in Europe, paying particular attention to the changes that have occurred during the COVID-19 global pandemic. This represents a time when mobility has been severely restricted in most of Europe (and the rest of the world). The aim is to map the impact of the pandemic on relevant "externalizing" policy instruments (e.g., visas, extra-territorial patrolling and surveillance, external processing of asylum claims, and offshore detention of migrants) and to assess their future trajectories. The paper shows that during the pandemic, the externalization of border controls has expanded and adapted to the new conditions. As a result, some of the key dynamics that define this policy arrangement have been recreated internally, a phenomenon referred to here as the "internalization of externalized border controls.". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infectious diseases pose a continuing threat to human life. In the case of pandemics, they can also grow into massive challenges for society as a whole - not only from a medical but also from an ethical perspective. This article takes the current COVID-19 pandemic as the occasion for an empirical medico-ethical analysis. It explores the ethical dimensions and discourses on COVID-19 and the Ebola epidemics (West Africa, Democratic Republic of Congo). Additional attention is paid to the question whether and to what extent the ethical issues raised differ and how the possible disparities can be explained. Using a methodological two-step approach (systematic literature review; qualitative content analysis), we were able to identify nine categories that map the ethical dimensions of recent outbreaks of these two diseases: (1) Prioritization of health, (2) Equitable access to resources, (3) Adequate information, (4) Health worker vulnerability, (5) Stigma and discrimination, (6) Research ethics, (7) Measures restricting freedom, (8) Global health justice, (9) Environmental ethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The central aim of the paper is to analyze the ceasefire line in eastern Ukraine, widely referred to as the "Contact Line," as an evolving border and a potential social and political boundary. We conceptualize the ceasefire line both as a special type of border that divides conflicting parties and a formerly integrated population and as a border regime managing different forms of mobility. Our mixed method approach combines ethnographic and survey data. The analysis of the formal border regime regulating the access to the divided territories is broadened by a perspective that foregrounds the local residents' practices and perceptions. The article highlights different mobilities and the informal variations in the border practices along and across the ceasefire line as well as the social and political identities accompanying these practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crisis of statehood in many countries has resulted in the emergence of non-recognized states that have become an intrinsic feature of the world geopolitical order. Using the concept of bordering, we study a specific type of border that was shaped in the course of state-building processes and conflicts with parent states. Some "de-facto borders" are not stable; in addition, non-recognized states often do not control all their declared territory. Looking in detail at the situation in six nonrecognized republics in the post-Soviet space, we show the asymmetry of their borders with the parent state and with the external patron. Comparing the basic socio-economic indicators by regions, we conclude that non-recognized states still lag far behind both their parent and their patron state. Citizens of non-recognized republics regularly visit border areas of the patron and parent states and spend a considerable part of their income there. This can contribute to the normalization of relations between adversaries, but at the same time can perpetuate the separation between them. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased the barrier functions of the borders with parent states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New cross-border regimes of biometrics and databasing in the EU are contributing to a conflation of the treatment of irregularity, asylum seeking, and criminality. States provide migrants' biometric data to transnational databases that are increasingly interoperable in the area of migration and crime control, to be accessible for state-based law enforcement actors. This article uses the case of Eurodac - a biometric database initially developed for migration control purposes - to explore the ongoing expansion of law enforcement access to the collected information for the purpose of crime control. The article studies how borders are selectively made permeable for biometric data flows in the light of "crimmigration" discourses. It combines insights from critical migration, border, and security studies that address the increasing overlapping of migration and crime control in policy discourse, law, and surveillance technologies. The study addresses the reconfiguration of crimmigration - and the normalisation and diversification of the figure of the "crimmigrant other" - through the expansion of cross-border flows of biometric data by law enforcement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]