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The article discusses the impact that oral health has on whole body health has no longer a question; in fact, 100 systemic diseases have been linked to poor oral health. Topics include according to the World Health Organization half of the global population has an oral disease of kind; and porphyromonas gingivalis has linked to various pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular pathologies, and neurodegenerative pathologies.

The article investigates the relationship between oral health and general health. Topics discussed include Doctor Weston Price's research on the link between root canal teeth and degenerative diseases, complications arising from endodontic procedures, and the connection between specific microorganisms from the oral cavity and various cancers and systemic diseases.

Abstract: The synergistic interaction between proteasome inhibitors and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising approach to induce cell death in tumor cells. However, the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of this synergism have been proven to be cell type specific. We therefore focused our investigation on TRAIL-resistant colon carcinoma cells in this study. DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and increased caspase-3-like enzyme activity was exclusively induced only by combined treatment with proteasome inhibitors (epoxomicin, MG132, bortezomib/PS-341) and TRAIL. The expression level of anti-apoptotic proteins (XIAP, survivin, Bcl-2, Bcl-Xl), regulated by NF-κB transcription factor, was not effected by any of these treatments. TRAIL alone induced only partial activation of caspase-3 (p20), while the combination of TRAIL and proteasome inhibition led to the full proteolytic activation of caspase-3 (p17). Only the combination treatment induced marked membrane depolarization and the release of cytochrome c, HtrA2/Omi and Smac/DIABLO. Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) was not released in any of these conditions. These results are consistent with a model where the full activation of caspase-3 by caspase-8 is dependent on the release of Smac/DIABLO in response to the combined treatment. This molecular mechanism, independent of the inhibition NF-kB activity, may provide rationale for the combination treatment of colon carcinomas with proteasome inhibitors and recombinant TRAIL or agonistic antibody of TRAIL receptors. (Pathology Oncology Research Vol 12, No 3, 133–142)

The article talks about DNA Connexions researchers' on-going efforts toward establishing a much-needed gold standard for detecting Lyme disease. It is mentioned that Lyme disease is the most commonly reported vector-borne illness but it can be confused with similar conditions, including mercury toxicity. The article adds that comprehensive Lyme panel that tests for a variety of strains of Borrelia and B. Burgdorferi using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

The article discusses the perspectives of Lyme disease including its causative agents and diagnostic techniques of disease. Topics discussed include causative agents of the disease such as bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, diagnosing disease with the help of serologically-based Western Blot test and performing nucleic acidbased polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test.

Ribosomal ITS1 DNA sequences have been characterized in Ceratitis capitata (Weidemann), the Mediterranean fruit fly, and Ceratitis rosa (Karsch), the Natal fruit fly. In C. capitata the ITS1 region is 831 bp in size (on average). Relatively little variation in the makeup of the ITS1 DNA sequences was detected in individuals sampled from numerous worldwide populations of C. capitata. In C. rosa, however, a substantial difference in the size of the ITS1 region was observed in individuals from a collection made in Kenya compared with individuals from South Africa. In the C. rosa flies from South Africa, this region was ≈930 bp in size, compared with a size of 717 bp in the C. rosa Kenya flies. This difference appears to be due primarily to a single insertion or deletion event. Using polymerase chain reaction, these size polymorphisms are easily detectable and can be used for making species identification and/or population origin determinations using material from any stage of the life cycle. Despite these intra and interspecific differences, sequences from the ITS1 regions of both C. rosa collections and C. capitata can still be aligned. Quantification of the similarity of these sequences may help to resolve continuing questions over the status of species relationships in this genus.