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Copyright of Cukurova Medical Journal / Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study aims to evaluate 16 stadiums having different façade features in a comparative manner from a perceptual point of view. Therefore, the 16 stadiums constructed between 2011 and 2021 in Turkey were classified according to their facade and roof, shell forms and shell colors. The semantic differentiation scale consisting of adjective pairs of likability, complexity, impressiveness, familiarity and environmental compatibility that were found valid and reliable in previous studies was used to evaluate the selected stadiums. The means and standard deviations values were determined. Thereafter, the One-Way Analysis of Variance method was used in order to examine the impact of variables like gender and profession. The study concluded that stadiums with a circular shape and a neutral color whose covers are separete from façade, are more popular and evaluated more positively. Besides, women have a more negative approach than men and architects have a more positive approach than lay-persons (not-architect). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of International Social Research is the property of Journal of International Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Spatial organization is very important for shopping malls having complex functional buildings. Spatial organizational differences in shopping malls affect customer' easy access to stores and their buying behavior. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the spatial organization of shopping malls having different plan schemes. In line with the determined purpose, connectivity, visual integration and visual step depth analyzes were conducted using the Space Syntax method of the ground floors of three different plan typed (Dumbbell, Cluster and Branch) shopping malls selected from Turkey via DepthmapX software. In the direction of the data obtained, Dumbbell and Cluster plan types were evaluated successfully in terms of spatial organization, respectively. In the Branch plan type, it has been determined that there are insufficient spaces in terms of connectivity and integration. In the evaluation made according to the program analysis results and design criteria, it has been determined that the Dumbbell plan type, one of the shopping center schemes, gives positive results in terms of spatial organization and it is recommended to be used in designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Intravenous lipid emulsion eliminates the toxicity-related symptoms of several drugs. We hypothesized that intravenous lipid emulsion prolongs the survival time in digoxin-intoxicated rats.Methods: Electrocardiograms of 14 anesthesized Wistar rats were monitored. All of the rats received digoxin infusion at a rate of 12 mL/h (0.25 mg/mL). Five minutes after the start of digoxin infusion, animals were treated either with 12.4 mL/kg intravenous lipid emulsion (group L) or saline (group C). The primary outcome variable was time elapsed until asystole development. Cumulative dose of digoxin required to induce asystole was also recorded.Results: Mean time until asystole development in groups C and L were 21.28 ± 8.61 and 32.00 ± 5.41 minutes, respectively (P< .05). The mean lethal doses of digoxin in the groups C and L were 3.97 ± 1.54 and 6.09 ± 0.96 mg/kg, respectively (P< .05).Conclusion: Intravenous lipid emulsion prolonged the time until asystole development and increased cumulative lethal dose in rats intoxicated with digoxin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos Sabe‐se que o tabagismo aumenta a percepção de dor; porém, o efeito do tabagismo sobre a percepção da dor durante o cateterismo venoso não é conhecido. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar se o tabagismo tem ou não algum efeito sobre a percepção da dor durante a punção venosa periférica. Métodos Foram incluídos no estudo 220 pacientes agendados para cirurgia eletiva randomicamente alocados em dois grupos: Grupo S (n = 110) e Grupo C (n = 110), de acordo com seus hábitos tabagísticos. Os pacientes foram instruídos sobre o uso da escala numérica de classificação da dor e, em seguida, a punção venosa periférica foi feita no dorso da mão com um cateter de calibre 20G (Intracath ® ). A percepção de dor dos pacientes foi posteriormente registrada de acordo com os escores da escala numérica. Resultados As características demográficas dos grupos eram idênticas. Os escores da escala numérica de dor dos grupos S e C foram 3,31 ± 1,56 e 1,65 ± 1,23, respectivamente (p < 0,001). Conclusão A percepção da dor por causa da punção venosa periférica é maior em fumantes. Estudos futuros sobre o tratamento da dor devem considerar os hábitos tabagísticos dos pacientes. Background and objectives It has been demonstrated that smoking increases pain perception; however the effect of smoking on perception of pain during venous cannulation is not known. The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not smoking has an effect on pain perception due to peripheral venous cannulation. Methods 220 patients scheduled to have elective surgery were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups (Group S and C, n = 110 for each) according to their smoking habits. Numerical rating scale was introduced to the patients and then peripheral venous cannulation at the dorsum of the hand was made with a 20 G intracath. Pain perception of the patients was scored by subsequent numerical rating scale questioning. Results The demographic characteristics of the groups were identical. Numerical rating scale scores in Group S and C were 3.31 ± 1.56 and 1.65 ± 1.23, respectively ( p < 0.001). Conclusion Pain perception due to peripheral venous cannulation is higher in smokers. Future studies on pain treatment should consider the smoking habits of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]