119 results on '"Davis, Sharon"'
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2. Team-Based Coaching Intervention to Improve Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury
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Brown, Jeremiah R., Solomon, Richard, Stabler, Meagan E., Davis, Sharon, Carpenter-Song, Elizabeth, Zubkoff, Lisa, Westerman, Dax M., Dorn, Chad, Cox, Kevin C., Minter, Freneka, Jneid, Hani, Currier, Jesse W., Athar, S. Ahmed, Girotra, Saket, Leung, Calvin, Helton, Thomas J., Agarwal, Ajay, Vidovich, Mladen I., Plomondon, Mary E., Waldo, Stephen W., Aschbrenner, Kelly A., O'Malley, A. James, and Matheny, Michael E.
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- 2023
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3. PSA Presidential Address: The New Normal and the Redefinition of Deviance
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Davis, Sharon Kantorowski
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There are three major social issues that are identified and discussed as major contributors to the new normal and the redefinition of deviance. They include: 1) the political rise of the extreme right; 2) the renewed urgency to address issues of social, political, and environmental justice, including and racial inequalities and inequities; and 3) COVID and its effects on society and culture. Sociologists must be key players in the identification and resolution of these issues. In so doing, we impact the reframing and redefinition of what is deviant and what constitutes the new normal.
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- 2022
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4. Investigating Changes in Ozone Formation Chemistry during Summertime Pollution Events over the Northeastern United States
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Tao, Madankui, Fiore, Arlene M., Jin, Xiaomeng, Schiferl, Luke D., Commane, Róisín, Judd, Laura M., Janz, Scott, Sullivan, John T., Miller, Paul J., Karambelas, Alexandra, Davis, Sharon, Tzortziou, Maria, Valin, Lukas, Whitehill, Andrew, Civerolo, Kevin, and Tian, Yuhong
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Understanding the local-scale spatial and temporal variability of ozone formation is crucial for effective mitigation. We combine tropospheric vertical column densities (VCDTrop) of formaldehyde (HCHO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), referred to as HCHO-VCDTropand NO2-VCDTrop, retrieved from airborne remote sensing and the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) with ground-based measurements to investigate changes in ozone precursors and the inferred chemical production regime on high-ozone days in May–August 2018 over two Northeast urban domains. Over New York City (NYC) and Baltimore/Washington D.C. (BAL/DC), HCHO-VCDTropincreases across the domain, but higher NO2-VCDTropoccurs mainly in urban centers on ozone exceedance days (when maximum daily 8 h average (MDA8) ozone exceeds 70 ppb at any monitor in the region). The ratio of HCHO-VCDTropto NO2-VCDTrop, proposed as an indicator of the sensitivity of local surface ozone production rates to its precursors, generally increases on ozone exceedance days, implying a transition toward a more NOx-sensitive ozone production regime that should lead to higher efficacy of NOxcontrols on the highest ozone days in NYC and BAL/DC. Warmer temperatures and enhanced influence from emissions in the local boundary layer on the high-ozone days are accompanied by slower wind speeds in BAL/DC but stronger, southwesterly winds in NYC.
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- 2022
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5. Association of Childhood Socioeconomic Status with Leukocyte Telomere Length Among African Americans and the Mediating Role of Behavioral and Psychosocial Factors: Results from the GENE-FORECAST Study
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Khan, Rumana J, Needham, Belinda L, Advani, Shailesh, Brown, Kristen, Dagnall, Casey, Xu, Ruihua, Gibbons, Gary H., and Davis, Sharon K.
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Purpose: We examined if childhood socioeconomic status (SES) was related to adult leucocyte telomere length (TL) using the data of 361 African American (AA) participants from the GENE-FORECAST Study. We also assessed the mediating role of behavioral and psychosocial factors in the association between childhood SES and adult TL. Methods: Childhood SES was assessed individually by using participant’s mother’s education and occupation, father’s education and occupation, parental home ownership, and family structure. TL was assessed using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. Information on potential confounders and mediators were collected. The associations of childhood SES with TL were assessed using multivariable linear regression models. We used path analysis to quantify and test the share of these associations that was statistically explained by each of the mediators (participant’s educational attainment, smoking status, physical activity, dietary habit, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms). Results: Mother’s education was associated with longer average TL (β: 0.021; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.04, p=0.038) in confounder adjusted models. Once mediators were introduced in the model, the estimates were reduced and remained marginally significant (β: 0.017; 95% CI: −0.003, 0.038, p=0.061). According to path model, approximately 19% of the effect of mother’s education on TL (β: 0.004; 95% CI: −0.001, 0.01, p< 0.10) was mediated through participant’s own education level. No significant mediation effect was observed for any other mediators. Conclusions: These data provide evidence that participant’s mother’s education was positively linked to adult TL in AA population. Participant’s own educational level partially explained this association.
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- 2022
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6. Professional Identity and the CORE Standards.
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Benshoff, John J., Robertson, Stacia, Davis, Sharon, and Koch, D. Shane
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PROFESSIONAL practice ,ACCREDITATION ,PROFESSIONAL licenses ,EVIDENCE-based medicine ,PROFESSIONAL identity ,REHABILITATION - Abstract
The historical evolution of the rehabilitation profession is addressed, and current issues facing rehabilitation educators and professionals are identified. Clearly, both our practice environments and our consumers are continuously evolving and becoming more diverse. Simultaneously, a need exists to be seen as a stable, unified profession. Specific issues including the continuing development of private rehabilitation licensure and accreditation, increasing consumer diversity, and movement toward evidence-based practices are identified as critical issues for rehabilitation educators and professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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7. Conversations about cannabis: the supply process in Australia
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Cheng, Katherine, Harnett, Joanna, Davis, Sharon, and Smith, Lorraine
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In 2016, Australia legislated medicinal cannabis supply as a pharmaceutical product; prescription is through two pathways dependent on product registration status with the Therapeutics Goods Administration. In 2021, down-scheduling of cannabidiol allowed for easier access through pharmacies. Little is known about the perspectives of those involved in medicinal cannabis supply regarding these legislative changes. This study captures the perspectives of stakeholders who access medicinal cannabis prior to patient provision and aims to shed light on the Australian medicinal cannabis supply process.
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- 2024
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8. The Effects of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome on Language Delay from Birth to 10 Years.
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Miller, Jennifer Shearer, Anderson, Joel G., Erwin, Paul Campbell, Davis, Sharon K., and Lindley, Lisa C.
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To examine the longitudinal effects of a history of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) on language development over the first 10 years of life. This study used a retrospective, longitudinal design. The data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) to examine the effects of NAS on language delay over time while controlling for demographic, prenatal, and household factors. There was a significant difference in the pattern of language delays over time between the NAS and non-NAS groups. At the age of 5 (est: −1.788, p <.001), children with a history of NAS had a decreased log odds of developing language delays than those without NAS. Conversely, compared with age 1, at the age of 10 (est: 1.098 p <.001), children with a history of NAS had an increased log odds of developing language delays than those without NAS. Children with a history of NAS had significantly different rates of language delays over time. Children with a history of NAS had significantly higher rates of language delays at 10 years than children without NAS. There is a need to increase developmental surveillance, along with referrals for specialized services, for children with a history of NAS through middle childhood. • By the age of 10 years, 24% of the NAS sample presented with a language delay. • There was a significant difference in the pattern of language delays over time between the NAS and non-NAS groups. • At five, children with a history of NAS had an decreased risk of developing language delays than those without NAS. • At 10, children with a history of NAS had an increased risk of developing language delays than those without NAS. • Neighborhood safety predicted language delays; as index scores increased, the log odds of language delay increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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9. Rabbit Behavior
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Crowell-Davis, Sharon
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Rabbits are the third most common mammalian pet in the United States. They make good pets because they generally are nonaggressive and are playful, active, and curious. They form strong social bonds, both with rabbits they live with in the household and with the humans who care for them. They have several behaviors derived from their wild counterparts that can cause problems, if not properly allowed for, or be beneficial, such as their proclivity to use a specific site for elimination.
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- 2021
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10. Celebrating PSA 90 Years: Presenting the Past and Present to Address the Challenges Facing Millennials in the Future
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Davis, Sharon K., Dorn, Dean S., and Orr, Amy J.
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Since its founding in 1929, the Pacific Sociological Association (PSA) has undergone a variety of changes as it has adapted to shifts in society, developments in the discipline, and an increasingly diverse membership. The panelists in this session highlighted several ways in which the PSA has evolved over time and discussed a number of attempts to address the challenges facing millennials and millennial sociologists (the theme of the 90th Annual Meeting). Suggestions regarding ways in which the PSA can continue to offer support to this generation in the future were also discussed.
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- 2020
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11. Neonatal abstinence syndrome and neurodevelopmental health outcomes: A state of the science.
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Shearer, Jennifer N., Davis, Sharon K., Erwin, Paul Campbell, Anderson, Joel G., and Lindley, Lisa C.
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- 2018
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12. Survey of cat owners on features of, and preventative measures for, feline scratching of inappropriate objects: a pilot study.
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Moesta, Alexandra, Keys, Deborah, and Crowell-Davis, Sharon
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Objectives The objective of this study was to collect preliminary data on relevant features and preventative measures of feline inappropriate scratching. Preliminary data could then be used to inform future randomized controlled studies. Methods A paper questionnaire was distributed to 140 cat-owning clients of a small animal practice. The response rate was 82.9%. Questions related to features of inappropriate and designated items scratched, frequency of the behavior and how owners attempted to modify the behavior. The frequency of scratching was ranked and analyzed with repeated-measures models for differences between features of items. The effectiveness of techniques to modify scratching was analyzed with Student’s t-tests comparing frequencies of scratching between cats of survey participants who did and did not use specific techniques. Results Scratching of inappropriate items was reported for 83.9% of cats. Most cats (81.5%) scratched chairs or other furniture and 64.1% scratched carpet. The frequency of scratching inappropriate items was significantly influenced by type and material of the items scratched, with furniture and carpet, and fabric and carpet, respectively, being scratched most often. Most cats (76.1%) had a designated scratching item. The frequency of scratching designated items was significantly influenced by type, with cats using scratching posts and other items more often than scratch pads. Owners used a variety of punishment- and reward-based techniques to stop inappropriate scratching and encourage scratching of designated items; only one technique was found to have a significant effect, with the frequency of scratching designated items being significantly lower in cats that were placed near the item. Conclusions and relevance Furniture covered with fabric was an object frequently scratched. Fabric should be further investigated as a potential material to encourage desired scratching behavior. Scratch pads appeared less desired than scratching posts. Punishment was a common strategy to deter scratching but did not appear to influence the frequency of scratching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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13. IMPROVE AKI: Sustainability of Team-Based Coaching Interventions to Improve AKI in a Cluster-Randomized Trial
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Matheny, Michael E., Solomon, Richard J., Davis, Sharon E., Cox, Kevin C., Stabler, Meagan E., Westerman, Dax, Dorn, Chad A., O'Malley, James, and Brown, Jeremiah R.
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- 2023
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14. Conversations about cannabis: the supply process.
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Cheng, Katherine, Harnett, Joanna, Davis, Sharon, and Smith, Lorraine
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- 2023
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15. The Disappearing Lamellae: Implications of New Findings in the Family Equidae Suggest the Loss of Nuchal Ligament Lamellae on C6 and C7 Occurred After Domestication.
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May-Davis, Sharon, Brown, Wendy, and Vermeulen, Zefanja
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Conflicting data predominantly describes the equine nuchal ligament lamellae (NLL) attachments as C2–C6 or C2–C7; however, preliminary evidence suggests C2–C5. This study aimed to identify morphological variations in the attachments of the NLL in four species of the family equidae and determine if the variations were species or breed linked. Cadaveric examination evaluated 98 equids; Equus asinus (n = 2) , Equus ferus caballus (n = 93), Equus przewalskii (n = 2), and Equus quagga boehmi (n = 1). Twenty breeds of E . f . caballus were included according to breed type—modern horse (n = 81), ancient type (n = 10), primitive (n = 4). Of the 98 equids, observations were divided into three categories according to the NLL attachments: C2–C5, C2–C6, and C2–C7; in category C2–C7, E . f . caballus (n = 3/93), modern horse 0 of 81, ancient 1 of 8, primitive 2 of 4; in category C2–C6, modern horse 2 of 81; in category C2–C5, modern horse 79 of 81, ancient type 7 of 8, primitive 2 of 4. Equus asinus , E . przewalskii , and E . q . boehmi all expressed category C2–C7. In total, 88 of 98 expressed category C2–C5; 2 of 98 category C2–C6; and 8 of 98 category C2–C7. These findings suggest that category C2–C5 provides sufficient evidence to suggest a normal occurrence. The high incidence of an absent NLL on C6 and C7 may be considered a contributing factor in caudal cervical osteoarthritis. Furthermore, category C2–C7 still exists in an ancient and primitive breed closely related to the tarpan, implying the NLL may have been attached from C2 to C7 in prehistoric horse before domestication. This hypothesis is supported by the findings of E . asinus , E . przewalskii , and E . q . boehmi, displaying attachments from C2 to C7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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16. Hereditary Multiple Exostoses—A Comprehensive Examination of a 4-Year-Old Dutch Warmblood Male With Maternal Links to HME in First and Second Generations.
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May-Davis, Sharon, Doveren, Aldo, Sweere, Remko, Smak, Jeroen, and Vermeulen, Zefanja
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Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) is a condition rarely diagnosed in horses, which has not been previously reported in Dutch Warmblood horses. Its presentation resembles that diagnosed in humans, and it is predominantly active during periods of skeletal maturation. This case study reports a link between a granddam with no obvious HME lesions and its first and second generations presenting with HME, albeit with different sires. The severity in affected horses (n = 5) varied from one foreleg to the other with extensive multiple lesions of 123 of 205 bones in a half sibling in the first generation. In the second generation, axial deviations were reported, including similar lesions to those found in the first generation. Rib and limb lesions were the most commonly reported in the first and second generations by age four. However, an extensive examination of the 4-year Dutch Warmblood first generation male revealed lesions from the first cervical vertebra to the first caudal vertebra, inclusive of rib and limb lesions. As all horses with this condition are untreatable, early detection and diagnosis would provide the owner/breeder with options to avoid financial loss and emotional stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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17. Development of an automated phenotyping algorithm for hepatorenal syndrome.
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Koola, Jejo D., Davis, Sharon E., Al-Nimri, Omar, Parr, Sharidan K., Fabbri, Daniel, Malin, Bradley A., Ho, Samuel B., and Matheny, Michael E.
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Objective: Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS) is a devastating form of acute kidney injury (AKI) in advanced liver disease patients with high morbidity and mortality, but phenotyping algorithms have not yet been developed using large electronic health record (EHR) databases. We evaluated and compared multiple phenotyping methods to achieve an accurate algorithm for HRS identification.Materials and Methods: A national retrospective cohort of patients with cirrhosis and AKI admitted to 124 Veterans Affairs hospitals was assembled from electronic health record data collected from 2005 to 2013. AKI was defined by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Five hundred and four hospitalizations were selected for manual chart review and served as the gold standard. Electronic Health Record based predictors were identified using structured and free text clinical data, subjected through NLP from the clinical Text Analysis Knowledge Extraction System. We explored several dimension reduction techniques for the NLP data, including newer high-throughput phenotyping and word embedding methods, and ascertained their effectiveness in identifying the phenotype without structured predictor variables. With the combined structured and NLP variables, we analyzed five phenotyping algorithms: penalized logistic regression, naïve Bayes, support vector machines, random forest, and gradient boosting. Calibration and discrimination metrics were calculated using 100 bootstrap iterations. In the final model, we report odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.Results: The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the different models ranged from 0.73 to 0.93; with penalized logistic regression having the best discriminatory performance. Calibration for logistic regression was modest, but gradient boosting and support vector machines were superior. NLP identified 6985 variables; a priori variable selection performed similarly to dimensionality reduction using high-throughput phenotyping and semantic similarity informed clustering (AUC of 0.81 - 0.82).Conclusion: This study demonstrated improved phenotyping of a challenging AKI etiology, HRS, over ICD-9 coding. We also compared performance among multiple approaches to EHR-derived phenotyping, and found similar results between methods. Lastly, we showed that automated NLP dimension reduction is viable for acute illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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18. “You’ve got to breathe, you know” – asthma patients and carers’ perceptions around purchase and use of asthma preventer medicines
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Davis, Sharon R., Tudball, Jacqueline, Flynn, Anthony, Lembke, Kirsty, Zwar, Nicholas, and Reddel, Helen K.
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To explore influences on patients’ purchase and use of asthma preventer medicines and the perceived acceptability of financial incentives via reduced patient co‐payments.
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- 2019
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19. “You’ve got to breathe, you know” – asthma patients and carers’ perceptions around purchase and use of asthma preventer medicines
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Davis, Sharon R., Tudball, Jacqueline, Flynn, Anthony, Lembke, Kirsty, Zwar, Nicholas, and Reddel, Helen K.
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Objective: To explore influences on patients’ purchase and use of asthma preventer medicines and the perceived acceptability of financial incentives via reduced patient co‐payments. Methods: Semi‐structured telephone or face‐to‐face interviews were conducted with adults and carers of children with asthma. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded. Data were analysed using thematic analysis via grounded theory. Results: Twenty‐four adults and 20 carers for children aged 3–17 years with asthma were interviewed. For medicines choice, most participants did not consider themselves the primary decision‐maker; cost of medicines was an issue for some, but effectiveness was described as more important. For adherence, cost, side‐effects, perceived benefit and patient behaviours were important. Conclusions: Patient barriers to adherence with asthma preventer medicines including cost are ongoing. Healthcare professionals need to encourage empathic discussion with patients about cost issues. Implications for public health: Asthma patients and carers could benefit from greater involvement and respect within shared decision‐making. Healthcare professionals should be aware that cost may be a barrier for patient adherence, and provided with information about the relative costs of guideline‐recommended asthma medicines. Patients and healthcare professionals need education around the efficacy of ICS‐alone treatment and the rationale behind co‐payments, for initiatives around quality use of medicines to succeed.
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- 2019
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20. Neonatal abstinence syndrome and neurodevelopmental health outcomes: A state of the science
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Shearer, Jennifer N., Davis, Sharon K., Erwin, Paul Campbell, Anderson, Joel G., and Lindley, Lisa C.
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Despite the alarming increase in the numbers of infants born with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), little is known about the effect on the children past the age of four. Clinical findings associated with NAS are found in the literature to have a negative effect on neurodevelopmental health outcomes. The purpose of this review is to examine the current evidence regarding NAS and neurodevelopmental outcomes, identify gaps in the literature, and discuss the possible association between NAS symptoms and neurodevelopmental disorders. A comprehensive literature review of quantitative research and review articles identified human and animal studies to clarify the current knowledge on the long-term effects of opioid exposure and NAS on neurodevelopmental outcomes. The analysis found that infants exposed to opioids in uteroare at risk for poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes in early childhood; however, there is a lack of empirical evidence on the effect of NAS as children age.
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- 2018
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21. Correlation between step count and clinical outcomes for patients with cancer during treatment: A feasibility study.
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Oakley-Girvan, Ingrid, Yunis, Reem, Lyden, Kate, Davis, Sharon W, Zhai, Yaya, Blakenship, Jen, Kubo, Ai, Liu, Raymond, and Neeman, Elad
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- 2023
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22. Congenital Malformations of the First Sternal Rib.
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May-Davis, Sharon
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During the dissection and skeletal examination of 151 horses, a congenital malformation (CM) of the first sternal rib that influenced the aperture of the Thoracic inlet was noted in six horses. The presentation of this CM was variable between horses in gross anatomic appearance; notably, an absent first sternal rib, bifid tuberculum costae, bifid sternochondral articulation onto the sternum, flared shaft, normal first sternal rib inserting onto the cranial branch of a bifid sternochondral articulating second sternal rib, straight costal shaft, and an articulating rudimentary tuberculum costae with a ligamentous extension replacing the bony shaft and attaching to a rudimentary sternochondral articulation onto the sternum. Of the 151 horses examined, the CM of the first sternal rib was restricted to 6/60 Thoroughbred horses, and only in those that were affected by either the unilateral or bilateral transposition of the caudal ventral tubercle from C6 onto the ventral surface of C7. The normal anatomic presentation of the thoracic inlet was altered, along with associative musculature including neurological pathways. These CMs are likely to produce clinical and functional ramifications of the thoracic inlet, thoracic limb, and thoracic viscera, with the probability of altering postural and locomotive function as noted in four horses demonstrating the CM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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23. Asthma in intellectual disability: are we managing our patients appropriately?
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Davis, Sharon
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- 2016
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24. Dancing in the Street: Impacting At-Risk Youths’ Lives through the Arts
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Davis, Sharon Kantorowski
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In the United States, youth involvement in delinquent and criminal acts remains persistent and increasingly violent. For at-risk youth, key demographics include poverty and distressed communities. Since traditional interventions have had limited success in addressing the needs of and issues experienced by these youths, millennials must seek new and creative techniques and programs to serve them. One such program that currently exists and provides inspiration for the future is Destiny Arts Youth Performance Company, a nonprofit, community dance group based in Oakland, CA, that offers competitive scholarships to deserving, at-risk youth in lower class, largely ethnic communities. In the ethnographic documentary, FREE: The Power of Performance, the lives of five at-risk youths are affected and transformed through the creative medium of dance. It shows that for at-risk, diverse teens, collaborative art can be a foundation for personal strength, liberation, and hope.
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- 2020
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25. Maintaining a National Acute Kidney Injury Risk Prediction Model to Support Local Quality Benchmarking.
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Davis, Sharon E., Brown, Jeremiah R., Dorn, Chad, Westerman, Dax, Solomon, Richard J., and Matheny, Michael E.
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Background: The utility of quality dashboards to inform decision-making and improve clinical outcomes is tightly linked to the accuracy of the information they provide and, in turn, accuracy of underlying prediction models. Despite recognition of the need to update prediction models to maintain accuracy over time, there is limited guidance on updating strategies. We compare predefined and surveillance-based updating strategies applied to a model supporting quality evaluations among US veterans.Methods: We evaluated the performance of a US Department of Veterans Affairs-specific model for postcardiac catheterization acute kidney injury using routinely collected observational data over the 6 years following model development (n=90 295 procedures in 2013-2019). Predicted probabilities were generated from the original model, an annually retrained model, and a surveillance-based approach that monitored performance to inform the timing and method of updates. We evaluated how updating the national model impacted regional quality profiles. We compared observed-to-expected outcome ratios, where values above and below 1 indicated more and fewer adverse outcomes than expected, respectively.Results: The original model overpredicted risk at the national level (observed-to-expected outcome ratio, 0.75 [0.74-0.77]). Annual retraining updated the model 5×; surveillance-based updating retrained once and recalibrated twice. While both strategies improved performance, the surveillance-based approach provided superior calibration (observed-to-expected outcome ratio, 1.01 [0.99-1.03] versus 0.94 [0.92-0.96]). Overprediction by the original model led to optimistic quality assessments, incorrectly indicating most of the US Department of Veterans Affairs' 18 regions observed fewer acute kidney injury events than predicted. Both updating strategies revealed 16 regions performed as expected and 2 regions increasingly underperformed, having more acute kidney injury events than predicted.Conclusions: Miscalibrated clinical prediction models provide inaccurate pictures of performance across clinical units, and degrading calibration further complicates our understanding of quality. Updating strategies tailored to health system needs and capacity should be incorporated into model implementation plans to promote the utility and longevity of quality reporting tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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26. Unique location but similar issues: working with health professionals in correctional services to improve inhaler use.
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Davis, Sharon R., Young, Paul M., Traini, Daniela, and Bosnic‐Anticevich, Sinthia Z.
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Background Correct inhaler technique is vital in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, inhaler misuse is ubiquitous and patients seldom receive effective education on how to use inhalers. Prisoners may have additional contributing factors for inhaler misuse, i.e. low health literacy and intellectual disability. Consequently, health professionals within correctional service facilities have a unique opportunity, and arguably an even more critical role, in the training of inmates in inhaler use. Aim To evaluate correctional services health professionals' baseline inhaler techniques; to assess the impact of training on inhaler techniques; and to evaluate the impact of the training on service delivery to inmates. Method Nurses working in a correctional services hospital complex were recruited. Their baseline inhaler technique (i.e. prior to training) was assessed using inhaler technique checklists. An education intervention was then delivered, following which participants' inhaler technique was reassessed. Results A total of 23 nurses participated in the study. At baseline, proportions demonstrating correct technique were 42, 0 and 5% for metered dose inhalers, Turbuhaler and Accuhaler, respectively. Following training, there was a statistically significant increase in the proportion of participants demonstrating correct inhaler techniques (84% (p = 0.008), 84% (p < 0.001) and 90% (p < 0.001)). Conclusions Nurses in correctional care are expected to check inmates' inhaler techniques as part of clinical care, but were unable to use inhalers correctly and needed training in this regard. Pharmacists are well placed to provide this training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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27. Variations and Implications of the Gross Morphology in the Longus colli Muscle in Thoroughbred and Thoroughbred Derivative Horses Presenting With a Congenital Malformation of the Sixth and Seventh Cervical Vertebrae.
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May-Davis, Sharon and Walker, Catherine
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During the dissection of seven Thoroughbred (Tb) and two Thoroughbred derivative (TbD) horses (9) displaying the congenital malformation of C6 and/or C6 and C7; variations in the gross morphology of the Longus colli muscle were noted. In the absence of the caudal ventral tubercle (CVT) on C6 only, the insertion of the medial and ventral layers and thoracic portion of the L. colli muscle attached to the cranial ventral tubercle (CrVT) on C6. However, on transposition of the CVT from C6 to the ventral surface of C7, the medial and ventral layers, a single deep bundle, and thoracic portion of the L. colli muscle attached to the CrVT on C6 and the transposed CVT on C7. In the unilateral malformation, this placed a distinct asymmetry in the paired left-to-right longitudinal presentation and cross-sectional samples of the L. colli muscle. In the bilateral malformation, the CrVTs were longitudinally malaligned and the L. colli replicated the unilateral presentation to a lesser extent. In this presentation, asymmetry was noted in entheses patterns and articular process joints, implying abnormal mechanical load, as was confirmed in the cross sections. As the L. colli muscle has specific cybernetic roles linked to posture and locomotion, these anatomic variations imply dysfunction. Premortem examinations confirmed eight of the nine horses exhibited proprioceptive and neurologic dysfunction (stillborn not included). This raises questions as to the equilibrium of affected horses and therefore the safety in handling and riding such horses, as was found in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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28. The Occurrence of a Congenital Malformation in the Sixth and Seventh Cervical Vertebrae Predominantly Observed in Thoroughbred Horses.
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May-Davis, Sharon
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During the dissection and skeletal examination of 123 horses, it was observed that a significant number had a gross skeletal congenital malformation of the sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae. In the sixth cervical vertebra (C6), either a unilateral or bilateral absence of the caudal ventral tubercle (CVT) was noted. In the presence of the C6 malformation, the seventh cervical vertebra (C7) presented either as normal or with a unilateral or bilateral transposition of the CVT from C6 onto the ventral surface of C7 with an arterial foramen. This transposition onto C7 was noted to be present on the corresponding side as the absent CVT on C6. Of the 123 horses examined, the congenital malformation of C6 was noted in 19 of 50 Thoroughbred horses; three of three Thoroughbred derivative horses; one of 15 nondescript bred horses; and none of 55 purpose bred horses of mixed breeds. In total, 23 horses expressed a C6 congenital malformation of which 22 were Thoroughbreds or Thoroughbred derivatives. Of these 22 Thoroughbred and Thoroughbred derivative horses, 11 of 22 expressed either a unilateral or bilateral transposition of the CVT from C6 onto the ventral surface of C7 with an arterial foramen on the corresponding side. This malformation could have functional and clinical ramifications in the postural and locomotive properties of the equine neck and cervicothoracic junction as reported in other species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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29. Rapid growth in surgeons’ use of secure messaging in a patient portal
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Shenson, Jared, Cronin, Robert, Davis, Sharon, Chen, Qingxia, and Jackson, Gretchen
- Abstract
Use of secure messaging through patient portals has risen substantially in recent years due to provider incentives and consumer demand. Secure messaging may increase patient satisfaction and improve outcomes, but also adds to physician workload. Most prior studies of secure messaging focused on primary care and medical specialties. We examined surgeons’ use of secure messaging and the contribution of messaging to outpatient interactions in a broadly deployed patient portal. We determined the number of clinic visits and secure messages for surgical providers in the first 3 years (2008–2010) after patient portal deployment at an academic medical center. We calculated the proportion of outpatient interaction conducted through messaging for each specialty. Logistic regression models compared the likelihood of message-based versus clinic outpatient interaction across surgical specialties. Over the study period, surgical providers delivered care in 648,200 clinic visits and received 83,912 messages, with more than 200 % growth in monthly message volume. Surgical specialties receiving the most messages were orthopedics/podiatry (25.1 %), otolaryngology (20.1 %), urology (10.8 %), and general surgery (9.6 %); vascular surgery (0.8 %) and pediatric general surgery (0.2 %) received the fewest. The proportion of outpatient interactions conducted through secure messaging increased significantly from 5.4 % in 2008 to 15.3 % in 2010 (p< 0.001) with all specialties experiencing growth. Heart/lung transplantation (74.9 %), liver/kidney/pancreas transplantation (69.5 %), and general surgery (48.7 %) had the highest proportion of message-based outpatient interaction by the end of the study. This study demonstrates rapid adoption of online secure messaging across surgical specialties with significant growth in its use for outpatient interaction. Some specialties, particularly those with long-term follow-up, interacted with patients more through secure messaging than in person. As surgeons devote more time to secure messaging, additional research will be needed to understand the care delivered through online interactions and to develop models for reimbursement.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Variations and Implications of the Gross Anatomy in the Equine Nuchal Ligament Lamellae.
- Author
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May-Davis, Sharon and Kleine, Janeen
- Abstract
Early literature depicting equine anatomy began with stylized illustrations portraying anatomic structures in a congenial format. This study shows that modern day literature often reflects those early portrayals and, in particular, the description and depiction of the nuchal ligament lamellae (NLL) and its attachments from the second to seventh cervical vertebrae. In the dissection of 35 horses of no specific breed, which were unrelated and of mixed gender and age, it was noted that the NLL was not attached to the sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae. Furthermore, the attachment of the NLL on the fifth cervical vertebrae was quite thin and feeble in nine of those horses and that incomplete fibers were noted in the caudal attachments of the NLL in 15 horses. These variations do not correlate to those early depictions or to most of the existing equine anatomic text. This new information on the equine NLL has functional and clinical implications, with particular reference in the way we currently understand the postural and locomotive properties of the equine neck and cervicothoracic junction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Informal Learning Processes in an Elementary Music Classroom.
- Author
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Davis, Sharon G.
- Subjects
NONFORMAL education ,ELEMENTARY education ,MUSIC classrooms ,POPULAR music ,CHILDREN ,ETHNOGRAPHIC analysis ,CAMCORDERS ,SOUND recording & reproducing - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe the nature of the learning and teaching processes that emerged in an elementary music setting in which popular music and informal learning processes were salient components of the pedagogical approach. Initial research questions focused on the ways in which children engage in learning popular music in a general music setting and the pedagogical approaches used by the teacher in support of the childrens use of informal learning processes. Participants in this action research study were 24 nine- and ten-year old students in one fourth-grade class. Data were gathered using multiple ethnographic techniques including video and audio recording, field notes, and multiple interviews. A narrative discussion describes the informal processes that the children used in order to cover a popular song of their choice. Working with popular music fostered immediate engagement and escalated the emotional connection to the music, which was paramount to the children. Performing meaningful music uncovered musical identity, propelled performance agency, and promoted social consciousness [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Growing Future Nurse Executives: An Innovative Pathway.
- Author
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Hardesty, Pamela, Englebright, Jane, Huffman, Chisa, and Davis, Sharon K.
- Abstract
By 2020, the United States will need an additional 67,200 nurse leaders. 1 This need is fueled by a combination of the growth in health care services that is creating new positions and by the increasing vacancies in existing positions. Buerhaus 2 attributes the increasing vacancies to an accelerating rate of retirements, job stress, and new career opportunities for nurse leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Maintaining a National Acute Kidney Injury Risk Prediction Model to Support Local Quality Benchmarking
- Author
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Davis, Sharon E., Brown, Jeremiah R., Dorn, Chad, Westerman, Dax, Solomon, Richard J., and Matheny, Michael E.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Genetic Ancestry Is Associated With Measures of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in African Americans
- Author
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Gebreab, Samson Y., Riestra, Pia, Khan, Rumana J., Xu, Ruihua, Musani, Solomon K., Tekola-Ayele, Fasil, Correa, Adolfo, Wilson, James G., Rotimi, Charles N., and Davis, Sharon K.
- Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Social determinants of cardiovascular disease risk factor presence among rural and urban Black and White men.
- Author
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Quarells, Rakale Collins, Liu, Jinnan, and Davis, Sharon K.
- Subjects
CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors ,URBAN Black people ,MEN'S health ,ACQUISITION of data ,WHITE men ,RURAL health ,HEALTH - Abstract
Abstract: Background: Social determinants of health are increasingly being addressed as a causal factor for disparities in health. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of specified social determinants of health on cardiovascular disease (CVD) clinical risk factors in Black and White men residing in rural and urban Georgia. Methods: Self-report data were collected on a total of 548 Black and White men aged >18 years from 2004–2005. Data were derived from a random telephone survey. Separate logistic regression models were conducted to examine the effects of specified social determinants on the presence of two or more CVD clinical risk factors. In addition, differences within rural and urban men were also assessed. Results: Lower education, unemployment, lower income, and higher general stress were all significantly related to the presence of two or more CVD clinical risk factors. As expected, the covariates of age, race, and residential location also played a significant role in cardiovascular health. Rural men were nearly twice as likely to have two or more CVD risk factors compared to urban men (P <0.01). Models examining location separately found urban Black men to be 2.6 times as likely to have more than two CVD risk factors (P <0.02). Conclusion: Findings reveal social determinants are associated with CVD risk factor differences between Black and White men and between rural and urban residents. It is important for policymakers and the healthcare industry to address these social determinants of health as they try to improve the health of the people they serve. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Environmental enrichment of New Zealand White rabbits living in laboratory cages.
- Author
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Poggiagliolmi, Sabrina, Crowell-Davis, Sharon L., Alworth, Leanne C., and Harvey, Stephen B.
- Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL enrichment ,LABORATORY rabbits ,ANIMAL behavior ,STEREOTYPES ,ANIMAL welfare - Abstract
Abstract: The primary goal of environmental enrichment should be the avoidance of abnormal behaviors in laboratory animals such as rodents, lagomorphs, dogs, cats, and nonhuman primates. A total of 13 male single-housed New Zealand White rabbits were offered 3 different toys, and the time spent chewing on the toys instead of on the cage was evaluated. Each rabbit was offered each of the toys for 2 separate 1-week periods. Each rabbit was monitored for 15 minutes 4 times a week for a total of total 1 hour per week. Observations included, 1-hour of baseline data before the toys were offered, for a total of 2 and 2 hours of observation per rabbit per toy. Having a toy available had a significant effect on the behavior of New Zealand White rabbits. Rabbits with toys spent significantly more time chewing than the rabbits without toys. They did not develop a preference between the offered toys and did not show stereotypies. This study highlights the importance of environmental enrichment to improve the welfare of laboratory animals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Creation of a Temperature Stability Database for Refrigerated Medications.
- Author
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Davis, Sharon R. and Anderson, Elizabeth A.
- Abstract
Aim: To create a database of refrigerated medications along with comprehensive data on their stability when stored outside the recommended conditions; and to develop an educational tool for managing cold chain emergencies at the hospital. Method: Phase 1: a searchable database was created with fields on product stability, stored temperatures and storage conditions. Phase 2: the database was populated with the products' stability data from various sources, such as literature searches, approved product information and pharmaceutical companies. Phase 3: focus groups were held with the hospital's stakeholders (nurses, pharmacists, pharmacy technicians) to develop an educational tool for managing cold chain emergencies. Results: Of the 36 pharmaceutical companies contacted, 29 responded (response rate 81%) and provided 'extra' stability data for 28 products (n = 150; 19%). Pursuant to issues raised by the pharmaceutical companies about concerns of breaching the registration conditions of their products and misinterpretation of the provided in-house stability data, a stakeholder meeting was held with the Therapeutic Goods Administration. At the meeting, the need for short-term 'end of shelf life' real-time stability studies for refrigerated products was discussed. An educational tool was designed based on a survey of local practices at the hospital pertaining to monitoring refrigerators used to store medications. Conclusion: Creation of the database has resulted in a critical analysis of the existing stability data on refrigerated medications. Hospital staff lack guidance on the selection, monitoring and maintenance of refrigerators used to store medications, and to manage cold chain emergencies. There is an opportunity for professional pharmacy organisations to provide this guidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Counselor Trainee Attitudes Toward Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse.
- Author
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Davis, Sharon J., Sneed, Zachery B., and Koch, D. Shane
- Subjects
EDUCATION of counselors ,ALCOHOLISM ,ATTITUDE testing ,STUDENT attitudes ,SUBSTANCE abuse - Abstract
Using the Counselor Trainee Attitudes Measure (CTAM) to assess student attitudes toward alcohol and other drug abuse (AODA), results indicated that students had more positive attitudes toward AODA when they were in recovery or had a family member in recovery. Furthermore, completion of AODA related courses predicted more positive attitudes toward AODA. Undergraduate versus graduate standing also appear to play a role in model adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. A novel method for lifting weanling research pigs.
- Author
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Minch, Hannah N., Berghaus, Roy D., Harvey, Stephen B., Reeves, David E., and Crowell-Davis, Sharon L.
- Subjects
SWINE diseases ,LABORATORY swine ,ANIMAL health ,DISEASES of the anatomical extremities ,ANIMAL diseases ,VETERINARY medicine - Abstract
Abstract: It is possible to modify lifting techniques in small laboratory pigs to evoke less of a fear response, strengthen the human–animal bond, and improve welfare. The authors hypothesized that recently weaned pigs lifted with a ventral (belly) scoop method would show less fear of new humans and less fear during treatment than pigs lifted vertically by their hind limbs. To evaluate this hypothesis, 32 Yorkshire-cross pigs (age 3 weeks) were divided into 8 groups of 4. All pigs were acclimated to humans for 11 days and uniformly enriched prior to any lifting tests. Pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 different combinations of ventral and/or vertical lifting techniques that varied by consecutive day (1 ventral-ventral; 2 ventral-vertical; 3 vertical-ventral; 4 vertical-vertical). Each day, data were collected regarding pigs’ aversion to lifting and willingness to be caught multiple times. Two hours later, their time to approach a new person and proportion of time spent hiding from the new person were also measured. Aversion scores were assigned based on duration of squealing, shaking, and freezing responses during lifting. Pigs that were lifted using alternate methods on consecutive days showed significantly less aversion when being scooped ventrally (P = 0.008) as compared to lifted vertically by their hind limbs. Additionally, behavioral trends were identified during the study. Based on standardized aversion scores, this research shows that the ventral scoop method induces less fear than the vertical lift method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Chapter Twelve: SOMEONE TO WATCH OVER ME.
- Author
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Davis, Sharon
- Subjects
SINGERS ,SOUND recording & reproducing ,TELEVISION advertising - Abstract
Chapter Twelve of the book "A Girl Called Dusty," by Sharon Davis is presented. Dusty Springfield, a British pop singer, has won the lawsuit filed against ITV for libel on November 26, 1991. Springfield has engaged in the recording of her final song "Someone To Watch Over Me" which will be used for the television advertisement for Private Pension Plan (PPP).
- Published
- 2008
41. Chapter Thirteen: GOIN' BACK.
- Author
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Davis, Sharon
- Subjects
SINGERS ,FUNERAL hymns - Abstract
Chapter Thirteen of the book "A Girl Called Dusty," by Sharon Davis is presented. Dusty Springfield, a British pop singer, has left an instruction that she would be buried as Mary O'Brien. Moreover, the song "Goin' Back" was played in the funeral of Springfield. It explores the recognition of singer Elton John of the contributions of Springfield to the music industry by inducting her in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
- Published
- 2008
42. Chapter Ten: WHAT HAVE I DONE TO DESERVE THIS?
- Author
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Davis, Sharon
- Subjects
SINGERS ,SOUND recording & reproducing - Abstract
Chapter Ten of the book "A Girl Called Dusty," by Sharon Davis is presented. Dusty Springfield, a British pop singer, has aimed to join the British scene by accepting the new recording contract offered by Peter Stringfellow, an English club owner. Springfield was able to get back to the British scene upon the release of her album "What Have I Done To Deserve This?"
- Published
- 2008
43. Chapter Eleven: NOTHING HAS BEEN PROVED.
- Author
-
Davis, Sharon
- Subjects
SINGERS ,SOUND recording & reproducing - Abstract
Chapter Eleven of the book "A Girl Called Dusty," by Sharon Davis is presented. Dusty Springfield, a British pop singer, has been warmly accepted by her fans while playing her music hits at the Central Park Hotel in London, England. Springfield has been criticized by John McElroy, the founder of the magazine "The Dusty Springfield Bulletin," because Springfield has no intention of making a long-term comeback which defeats the purpose of her recording contract.
- Published
- 2008
44. Chapter Nine: I'M COMING HOME AGAIN.
- Author
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Davis, Sharon
- Subjects
SINGERS ,SOUND recording & reproducing - Abstract
Chapter Nine of the book "A Girl Called Dusty," by Sharon Davis is presented. Dusty Springfield, a British pop singer, was not able to get the full support of the public on the release of her music album "I'm Coming Home Again." Springfield cites of her capacity to connect with the audience in her music performance due to their excitement of seeing her performance.
- Published
- 2008
45. Chapter Eight: LEARN TO SAY GOODBYE.
- Author
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Davis, Sharon
- Subjects
- HOLLYWOOD (Los Angeles, Calif.), LOS Angeles (Calif.), CALIFORNIA, GIRL Called Dusty, A (Book), DAVIS, Sharon, SPRINGFIELD, Dusty, 1939-1999
- Abstract
Chapter Eight of the book "A Girl Called Dusty," by Sharon Davis is presented. The song "Learn to Say Goodbye" from Dusty Springfield, a British pop singer, was criticized due to the degree of emotion expressed in the song. Springfield cites that the song reflects her worst experience at Hollywood in Los Angeles, California because she was made to sing with the use of one microphone and no earphone at enormous stage.
- Published
- 2008
46. Chapter Seven: DUSTY IN MEMPHIS.
- Author
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Davis, Sharon
- Subjects
SINGERS ,SOUND recording & reproducing - Abstract
Chapter Seven of the book "A Girl Called Dusty," by Sharon Davis is presented. Dusty Springfield, a British pop singer, was able to grab the opportunity to show her melodic and soulful music in her music "Son-of-a Preacher Man" which was recorded at the American Studios in Memphis, Tennessee. Springfield has observed the difference of working with the new musicians at the American studios because they almost work 24 hours a day.
- Published
- 2008
47. Chapter Six: WHERE AM I GOING?
- Author
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Davis, Sharon
- Subjects
SINGERS ,SOUND recording & reproducing ,MUSICIANS - Abstract
Chapter Six of the book "A Girl Called Dusty," by Sharon Davis is presented. Dusty Springfield, a British pop singer, was able to successfully released her studio album "Where Am I Going" in October 1967 despite of the failure of her album "What's It Gonna Be." The title of her third studio album was named as such because Springfield had no idea upon the making of the album.
- Published
- 2008
48. Chapter Five: YOU DON'T HAVE TO SAY YOU LOVE ME.
- Author
-
Davis, Sharon
- Subjects
SINGERS ,SOUND recording & reproducing ,MUSICIANS - Abstract
Chapter Five of the book "A Girl Called Dusty," by Sharon Davis is presented. Dusty Springfield, a British pop singer, was able to successfully record her music "You Don't Have to Say You Love Me" which took her 59 takes to become fully satisfied with the result. The song was Springfield's version of the original Italian version.
- Published
- 2008
49. Chapter Two: ISLAND OF DREAMS.
- Author
-
Davis, Sharon
- Subjects
BAND music ,MUSICIANS - Abstract
Chapter Two of the book "A Girl Called Dusty," by Sharon Davis is presented. It explores the passion of Dusty Springfield, a British pop singer, for Motown, and rhythm and blues (R&B) which has led to her recording of her own music in England. The Springfields, a music band, has been recognized for their capability to sing and play various musical instruments especially with the presence of Springfiels as their singer.
- Published
- 2008
50. Chapter Three: WISHIN' & HOPIN'.
- Author
-
Davis, Sharon
- Subjects
MASS media ,CELEBRITIES ,REPUTATION - Abstract
Chapter Three of the book "A Girl Called Dusty," by Sharon Davis is presented. Dusty Springfield, a British pop singer, was able to keep her good image despite of the assault of the mass media on her personal life in England. Springfield was able to released her first recording in March 1960 considering all her frustrations in getting the type of music she prefers.
- Published
- 2008
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