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A person-centered approach identified five empirically unobserved student profiles of first-time full-time university students who shared similar academic patterns, performance measures, and demographic characteristics. Honors and Flourishing classes tended to graduate within 6 years of attempting their first-college mathematics course, earned a high grade in that course, and made continued degree progress. The Flourishing class had lower semester and first-college mathematics GPAs than the Honors class but higher GPAs than the Tenacious class. Placement in remedial mathematics alone did not determine class membership. The Honors class had an overrepresentation of White women, and an underrepresentation of Black men. Hispanic students were most prevalent in the Flourishing group while Black men were more prevalent in the Tenacious group. As a whole, men fared worse on outcomes than women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia is the property of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Patients' considerations when choosing an orthodontist are influenced by many factors, including background, ethnicity, and location. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify factors influencing patients' considerations when selecting an orthodontist in both Malaysia and Taiwan. In total, 248 dental students from Taipei Medical University and 110 dental students from Manipal University College Malaysia were selected for this study. Participants' considerations when selecting an orthodontist were assessed using a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire collected data regarding participants' demographic characteristics and their preferences regarding clinical settings, orthodontist attributes, administrative systems, and the influence of social media. The gathered data were analyzed and compared using independent t -test, ANOVA, and chi-squared for both cohorts. The present results revealed significant differences between the Malaysian and Taiwanese participants with several variables, including orthodontist experience, recommendations, pain-free treatment procedures, treatment duration, friendly reception, sources of information about orthodontists, and preferred social media platforms. Notably, among the Taiwanese participants, "person responsible for treatment costs," was significantly correlated with the orthodontist's age, the orthodontist's work experience, information sources, travel distance, and content posted by orthodontists on social media. By contrast, among the Malaysian participants, this variable was correlated with the work experience of orthodontists. Significant differences were observed between the Malaysian and Taiwanese participants in terms of their considerations when choosing an orthodontist. Participant's gender significantly influenced orthodontist preferences among the Malaysian participants, whereas the individual responsible for treatment costs was identified to be the most crucial factor influencing the Taiwanese participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Erythema multiforme (EM) is considered a hypersensitivity reaction associated with drugs and infections, and remains underestimated due to the lack of precise classification and diagnostic criteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the triggering factors and clinical manifestations of EM and to present our experience in the diagnosis and management of this disorder. All patient records were reviewed, and records of patients admitted, diagnosed, and treated with EM were retrieved. Data on age, gender, medical history, triggering factor(s), clinical form, mucosal/cutaneous involvement, affected oral site(s), recurrence, and treatment were collected. The data were analyzed statistically at a significance level set at P < 0.05. A total of 36 EM patients were studied. The triggering factor was identified as infection in 25 %, drugs in 16.7 %, infections and drugs in 41.7 %, and none in 16.7 % of the 36 EM patients. EM minor was diagnosed in 77.8 % of the patients. Labial mucosa (86.1 %) was the most commonly affected oral site. Most patients were treated with topical steroids (25 %). No significant differences were detected between demographic and clinical characteristics with regards to gender, triggering factor, and the number of affected oral sites (P > 0.05). The results of this study, based on the data from 36 EM patients with oral involvement treated at our clinic, can guide dentists in this regard and may be considered as an epidemiological source for the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Known as a major surgical complication, postoperative delirium (POD) has not been well studied in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). This study aimed to investigate the correlation between perioperative clinical characteristics and the occurrence of POD. Methods: Patients' demographic characteristics and perioperative testing data were collected. Binary logistic regression was conducted for assessing related risk factors. A nomogram was developed to predict the occurrence of POD after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS) in patients with ICAS. Results: The occurrence of POD in this study was 30.67%. Among all the clinical and laboratory characteristics in patients, age (OR = 1.234, 95%CI = 1.004–1.517, p = 0.046), gender (OR = 5.676, 95%CI = 1.028–31.334, p = 0.046), preoperative MMSE scores (OR = 2.298, 95%CI = 1.005–5.259, p = 0.049), the degree of stenosis (OR = 6.294, 95%CI = 1.043–37.974, p = 0.045), operating time (OR = 1.088, 95%CI = 1.023–1.157, p = 0.006), and HbA1c levels (OR = 2.226, 95%CI = 1.199–4.130, p = 0.011) were the independent risk factors. Conclusion: Male patients with advanced-age, lower preoperative MMSE scores, severe stenosis, longer operating time, and higher HbA1c levels are closely related to POD after PTAS. Fully perioperative assessments may play an important role in predicting the occurrence of POD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Health Resources and Services Administration's (HRSA) Health Center Program provides health care to vulnerable persons across theUS, regardless of their ability to pay for health care.We examined characteristics of populations living within and outside a 30-minute drive-time to HRSA-supported health centers to establish a baseline to better understand the differences in these populations. Using a descriptive, cross-sectional study design and geographic information systems, we found that 94% of persons in the US live within a 30-minute drive-time of a health center. Of those outside a 30-minute drive-time to a health center, 11.7 million (60.11%) are rural and over 1.5 million households (20.32%) lack broadband internet access. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates user opinion, satisfaction level, and challenges towards institutional repositories. The researchers adopted survey method, questionnaire tools, and simple random sampling techniques and collected 548 respondents from the autonomous institutions of the Department of Science and Technology. The mean analysis on opinion towards the benefits of an institutional repository reveals that “It promotes self-archiving 24*7” has the highest mean score, while concerning the satisfaction level of users “I am satisfied with membership facility” has the highest mean score, and vis-à-vis overall problems “Electricity problem” has the highest mean score. The result indicates that age has a significant difference with library facility (p=.001), retrieval (p=.000), searching and browsing facility (p=.001), usability (p=.012), and copyright issue (p=.002). Concerning respondent’s designation, there is a significant difference in the library facility (p=0.027), retrieval (p=0.001), usability (p=0.005), awareness problem (p=0.005), and copyright issues (p=0.001). This study bridged the existing literature gap by determining various factors affecting users’ opinions, satisfaction levels, and overall problems. Further, examine the significant difference between demographic variable and study variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To identify profiles of demographic, clinical, and oral health impact characteristics of individuals with temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Methods: Four hundred ninety-six TMD patients (260 females) and 30 young controls were included. Sociodemographic, clinical, and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) data were gathered and analyzed by Cluster, ANOVA, and regression analyses. Results: Three clusters were identified: "Pain and depression symptoms" with participants with higher pain, depression, and OHIP-14 scores (59% females); "Chronic diseases" included older participants with current chronic diseases and medical treatment; "Healthier individuals" included younger individuals with lower chronic diseases, pain, and depression frequencies, whose OHIP-14 scores did not differ from controls (p = 0.079). OHIP-14 scores were predicted by age, pain, and depression. Conclusion: Distinct profiles of individuals with TMD were identified, emphasizing the complex interactions between coping ability, general health, and psychosocial aspects that must be monitored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gazi University Journal of Gazi Educational Faculty (GUJGEF) is the property of Gazi University Journal of Gazi Educational Faculty (GUJGEF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The integration of shared e-scooters with public transit is a promising solution for urban mobility's first/last-mile challenge. This study explores spatiotemporal factors influencing this integration, using 35-day e-scooter trip data from Chicago. Employing a random-effect negative binomial approach, we modeled the frequency of e-scooter trips to access/egress to/from bus stops and train stations. Results indicate that weather conditions, design features like intersection density, and multimodal network density significantly influence usage. The transit system characteristics such as service frequency have a positive effect on the integration of e-scooters and trains while a similar effect for bus and e-scooter integration was not significant. Furthermore, safety-related variables such as accident and crime rates as well as demographic characteristics were also revealed to be significant factors in our study. These findings offer vital insights to urban planners and policymakers for infrastructure, safety enhancements, and interventions to encourage efficient e-scooter-public transit integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Intellectual disability (ID) is considered one of the most common human disorders characterized by significant deficits in cognition and functional and adaptive skills. The aims of this study were to describe the demographic and clinical features of a group of Moroccan individuals with ID living in the Tangier-Tetouan region. Design: This was a retro-prospective and descriptive exploratory monocentric study realized between November 2020 and August 2023. A total of 109 patients with ID were included. They were selected at four mental health centers in the Tangier-Tetouan region. Our data were treated and analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 26. Results: A male predominance of patients with ID was observed in our series (54.4% male vs. 42.6% female). The male-to-female ratio was 1.34. The mean±standard deviation (SD) age of our patients was 11.75±4.87 years, ranging from 1 to 35 years. The mean ages of mothers and fathers at the births of their children with ID were 28.36 and 35.6 years, respectively. Many co-occurring medical conditions were noted in our data (speech delay: 20.5%, concentration problems: 15.1%, hyperactivity: 11.1%, ambulation difficulties: 8.8%, aggressiveness: 8%, vision problems: 6.3%, epileptic seizures: 4%). The consanguinity rate was 26.9 percent. Conclusion: ID associated with genetic causes was significantly correlated with the consanguinity rate in the Moroccan population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Formación Universitaria is the property of Centro de Informacion Tecnologica (CIT) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Different lines of research have argued that specific groups, such as boys or ethnic minorities, are more prone to develop an anti-school culture than others, leading to group differences in the social acceptance of high performers. Taking an ecological view, we ask to what extent the school context promotes or prevents the emergence of group-specific oppositional cultures. Theoretically, we argue that group-based oppositional cultures become more likely in schools with low socio-economic resources and in schools where socio-economic differences align with demographic attributes. We test our hypotheses based on data from a large-scale, four-wave network panel survey among more than 4000 students in Germany. Applying stochastic actor-oriented models for the coevolution of networks and behavior, we find that group-based oppositional cultures in which students like high performers less are very rare. However, in line with theoretical expectations, the less resourceful a school is, the more boys tend to evaluate high-performing peers less positively than girls do. Moreover, the more ethnic minority boys are socioeconomically disdvantaged in a school, the more they tend to evaluate high performers less positively than majority boys do. • We seek to identify school characteristics that promote gender-based or ethnicity-based oppositional cultures. • We analyze new data from a four-wave network panel survey among more than 4000 students in Germany. • Group-based oppositional cultures in which students like high performers less are rare. • The less resourceful a school is, the more likely boys rate high-performing peers less positively than girls do. • The more ethnic minority and majority boys' SES differs in a school, the more likely they rate high performers differently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to analyze the demographic, socioeconomic, and health factors and risk behaviors associated with the recognition of a Usual Source of Care (USC), according to gender. This work was a cross-sectional study, based on the National Survey of School Health (2015), conducted with 100,464 Brazilian adolescents. Descriptive analyses were performed based on Pearson's χ2, and the prevalence ratio (PR) through logistic regression models in Stata 14 for each type of USC (Primary Health Care (PHC), Private Practice, Hospital, and Emergency), stratified by sex. Recognition of a USC was reported by 55.5% of the adolescents, 58.6% of whom were female. In the multivariate analysis, the variables that present social, economic, and risk behavior inequalities showed positive associations for USC PHC for both genders. For the other types of USC, the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics showed negative associations. The results of this study showed that PHC is the service with the highest recognition among adolescents in conditions of social vulnerability. This reinforces the need to consolidate the PHC in order to favor the health care of adolescents, establishing bonds and improving access to health actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To assess the quality change of our single-center pediatric colonoscopy after applying bundle for bowel preparation and general anesthesia and centralize the procedure using terminal ileum (TI) intubation rate as the main indicator. All elective colonoscopies performed for patients younger than 18 years old in MacKay Memorial Hospital from July 2015 through June 2020 (assigned to group 1, before bundle) and from August 2020 through July 2021 (assigned to group 2, after bundle) were retrospectively reviewed for demographic characteristics, indications, bowel preparation agent and cleansing level, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, maximum intestinal level reached, and cecal intubation and total procedure time. Statistical analysis was done using P value < 0.05 considered to be significant. Analysis included 45 and 32 colonoscopies in group 1 and 2, respectively. Bloody stool was the most frequent indication in both groups. Both TI intubation rate (42.2 % vs. 75.0 %, P = 0.004) and biopsy rate (45.0 % vs. 75.9 %, P = 0.01) increased significantly from group 1 to group 2. The narrower standard deviation of bowel preparation score (1.93 vs. 1.15) and total procedure time (37.71 vs. 22.29) in group 2 indicated a more stable quality, although the mean showed no difference. There was no statistical difference in age, gender, body weight, cecal intubation rate, or cecal intubation time. A higher TI intubation rate and biopsy rate indicated an improved quality of pediatric colonoscopy after applying bundle including bowel preparation and general anesthesia, with additional centralization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on the results of a study of 6,654 unique students on the type of research-related activities (e.g., undergraduate research and internships) they participated in while at California State Polytechnic University, Pomona (Cal Poly Pomona). Results indicate that the odds of graduating for students who participated in research-related activities were almost twice those of students who did not participate in research-related activities. These results differ from and complement studies on the impact of undergraduate research at liberal arts colleges and research-intensive universities. Study results indicate that non-first-generation students, non-low-income students, and non-underrepresented minority (non-URM) students were more likely to participate in research. Participation in internships with industry and with a professional were most predictive of graduation. Students who participated in multiple research-related activities were also more likely to graduate than those who participated in fewer activities; results indicate research participation is equally beneficial across groups with different demographic characteristics including major, sex, first generation and URM status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to assess physicians' approach to cardiac murmurs and their level of knowledge about this sign, which is a crucial finding in childhood cardiac anomalies. The study intended to include all family physicians in the Adıyaman province of Turkey, but ultimately 150 out of 210 physicians participated and was completed with a percentage response rate of 71%. Participants were asked about their approach to cardiac murmurs, answered knowledge questions, and completed a questionnaire on demographic characteristics. Subsequently, eight heart sounds were played, and participants were asked to identify the nature of each sound. Family medicine specialists (all scores were p < 0.001) and physicians who completed a pediatric internship lasting over a month (knowledge score p = 0.012, behavioral score p = 0.021, recording score p = 0.01) demonstrated significantly higher knowledge, approach, and recording scores. Age and years in the profession showed a negative correlation with recording scores. The study highlights the significant impact of various factors such as gender, specialization, internship duration, experience, and theoretical knowledge on the ability to recognize and approach cardiac murmurs. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating these factors into medical education and development programs, especially those aimed at improving cardiac examination skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Szociológiai Szemle is the property of Hungarian Sociological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciencia y Sociedad is the property of Ciencia y Sociedad and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women in Somalia has been poorly studied, despite its significant impact on maternal and fetal health. In Somalia, the last syphilis study was conducted approximately 30 years ago, leaving a critical knowledge gap regarding the current epidemic of syphilis among pregnant women. Materials and methods: From January 2023 to April 2023, a hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on maternal and child health. A total of 300 pregnant women were included in the study, and the seroprevalence of syphilis was determined using the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory. This one-step quick diagnostic test cassette was used as the preliminary screening tool, and Positive results were confirmed using the full chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) analyzer MAGLUMI. A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic characteristics and knowledge regarding syphilis transmission and mother-to-child transmission. SPSS Version 27.0 was used to analyze the gathered data. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Overall, 5.3% (16/300) of pregnant women had syphilis seroprevalence. Seroprevalence rates were higher in women aged 24-34 (50.0%). There were significant relationships between syphilis infection and education (p < 0.000), occupation (p < 0.000), and residence (p = 0.002). Furthermore, a significant majority of pregnant women (78%) were unaware of syphilis transmission routes and its correlation to HIV risk (81.7%). Stillbirths constituted 23.3% of pregnancy-related problems, whereas 17% of pregnant women had a prior record of blood transfusions. Conclusions: The study found an alarming syphilis seroprevalence in pregnant women, especially in certain demographic groups. The lack of knowledge of syphilis transmission and its effects highlights the necessity for targeted education. Improved prenatal care, health awareness, and effective prevention should lessen the effects of syphilis on mother and newborn health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cukurova Medical Journal / Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

When humanity faces a potentially contagious disease, most processes of society are affected, the workforce capable of performing tasks decreases, and healthcare systems become overwhelmed by sudden disease outbreaks. In 2020, the world fell victim to Covid-19. Its spread had devastating consequences in many countries, changing the lives of all individuals. The poor management of the pandemic on a global scale highlighted the lack of preparedness for this type of catastrophe, leading to efforts and research being conducted to facilitate the management of this disease. One of the most important endeavors undertaken to control the spread of the infectious virus was to attempt to predict its behavior and take measures to mitigate the damage caused. Pandemic control models, such as the SEIR model, were employed to create predictions, but the results proved to be imprecise due to the lack of infection data. Furthermore, a highly contagious virus that is transmitted by people behaves in a very erratic manner, making it more challenging to develop rigid prediction methods. It was determined that geographic and demographic characteristics greatly influenced the virus's behavior. Agent-Based Simulation was used to model processes and environments with unique characteristics while allowing for individual interaction. In this work, Agent-Based Simulation is employed to model the spread of a virus that affects individuals in a city in Cuba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: As superotemporal implantation of the Ahmed glaucoma valve is not always feasible in cases of refractory glaucoma, this study examined the characteristics and surgical outcomes of cases in which the valve was implanted in a nonsuperotemporal quadrant using a modified long scleral tunnel technique. Methods: This retrospective case-control study included 37 eyes with nonsuperotemporal quadrant-Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in Group 1 and 69 eyes with superotemporal Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in Group 2. The demographic characteristics of these groups, surgical outcomes, including complications, further surgical interventions, and surgical success rates were compared. Surgical success was defined as an intraocular pressure not exceeding 21 mmHg, accompanied by a minimum reduction of 20% in intraocular pressure from the baseline without any additional intraocular pressure-lowering procedures, and the absence of light perception loss or phthisis bulbi. Results: Group 1 had significantly higher numbers of eyes with secondary glaucoma and preoperative surgical procedures than Group 2 (p<0.05). Both groups had mean preoperative intraocular pressure values, and mean intraocular pressure values at the last visit of 34.2 and 27.9 months, 35.5 ± 1.5 and 35.8 ± 1.2 mmHg, and 14.5 ± 5 and 14.9 mmHg, respectively. Although both groups had 70.2% and 75.8% as their five-year cumulative probability of success, respectively, the rates of complications, revisional surgery, and additional surgical procedures did not differ significantly (p>0.05). Conclusion: The modified long scleral tunnel technique for Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in nonsuperotemporal quadrants achieves intraocular pressure control and complication rates comparable to superotemporal implantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Isolated orbital floor fractures are more frequent due to low bone thickness (2 mm). The aim of this study was to conduct a retrospective epidemiological analysis on these fractures, investigating demographic variables and fractures' features and their statistical correlation. A total of 120 patients with isolated orbital floor fracture, admitted at the Maxillofacial Surgery Unit of University of Naples Federico II, from 2010 to 2022 were enrolled in the study. Patients were evaluated for age, sex, smoke, comorbidities, post-traumatic clinical manifestation,s and defect side and size. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Pearson regression coefficient (r). The fractures were more frequent in men (male:female 2.2:1) because of road accidents (30% of cases). The average age was 48 years. Enophthalmos, diplopia and ocular motility anomalies were observed in 31%, 23% and 21% of cases, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed that age was related to fracture area; in particular, older patients showed larger fractures (p < 0.001). Interpersonal violence and traffic accidents were related to younger age (p < 0.001). Data analysis revealed that isolated orbital floor fractures are more frequent in young men (<40 years) because of road accidents or interpersonal violence. There is a statistical correlation between fracture area and patient age; in particular, older age corresponds to larger defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to analyse whether there is favourable migration selectivity in formal work in Ceará. In other words, whether the worker's unobservable characteristics influence commuting and labour income differentials. For this purpose, microdata from the annual social information list—RAIS of the Brazilian Ministry of Economy—MEB for 2009 and 2019 were used. Furthermore, the methodology used was a two-stage Heckman model with correction for sample selection bias for both years. The results show that commuting migrants in formal work in Ceará are not positively selected. Furthermore, income differentials among commuting migrants are determined by individuals' socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and the labour market, such as education, race/colour, gender, and occupation sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A balanced panel (99 teams over 40 years) is used to estimate three regression models: average attendance via fixed and random effects plus Tobit estimation of percent of capacity. Variables are either stationary or cointegrated. Estimation makes adjustments for serial correlation and endogeneity between several variables. Independent variables measure economic conditions, demographic characteristics, and team performance. Attendance is a normal good. Travel cost is insignificant in two models but positive in one. Weak evidence suggests undergraduate enrollment and county population exert a positive impact. Three team performance measures and power ranking scores exert consistent positive impacts. Stadium renovations that increase capacity also increase attendance while those that reduce capacity are insignificant except in the percent of capacity equation. Attendance responses vary, either in sign or significance, across Power Five and Group of Five teams for eight of 10 independent variables. Specification tests suggest that random effects estimation is preferred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present study examined potential treatment outcome predictors of a multicomponent cognitive behavioral intervention for intermittent explosive disorder (IED). Method: The sample (n = 64; 22 female) consisted of individuals with a current diagnosis of IED that completed treatment across three study trials. Treatment outcome predictors assessed included demographic variables, psychiatric comorbidity, symptom severity, and treatment motivation/engagement. Treatment outcomes were (a) change in number of past-week aggressive acts from pretreatment to posttreatment and (b) presence of IED diagnosis at posttreatment. Results: Results indicated those who endorsed lower trait anger were more likely to remit from IED diagnosis at posttreatment. No other variables were found to significantly predict treatment outcome. Conclusions: These findings support the notion that cognitive behavioral therapy can be effective for a wide range of individuals with IED, with little variation in efficaciousness based on presence of demographic characteristics, comorbid disorders, or treatment motivation/engagement. This seems to be particularly the case for individuals with lower levels of trait anger. What is the public health significance of this article?: Findings from this study suggest that cognitive behavioral therapy can be an effective treatment for a wide range of individuals diagnosed with intermittent explosive disorder. Treatment efficacy appears to be unaffected by the presence of varying demographic characteristics, comorbid psychiatric disorders, and treatment motivation, though individuals with higher trait anger may require additional support to maximize treatment benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers, practitioners, and policymakers interested in alleviating heirs’ property ownership precarity have long sought to connect these owners to titling and land management resources, but there is limited scholarly evidence on successful interventions. Using administrative data from the Center for Heirs’ Property Preservation® (CHPP®), this article explores the demographic characteristics, types of direct legal services received, and referral pathways of landowners seeking legal assistance from CHPP® between 2017 and 2021. We find that applicants are primarily elderly, Black women, referred through four main pathways: (1) owners’ personal networks, (2) CHPP® Outreach efforts, (3) CHPP® partner organizations—including public, private, and nonprofit agencies, and (4) word of mouth (other individuals/entities not formally connected with CHPP®, including outside legal and forestry professionals). Last, we identify a strong desire for estate planning among applicants, despite documented legal distrust among heirs’ property owners. This analysis has important implications for designing targeted interventions to assist heirs’ property owners beyond the South Carolina context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the application experiences of assistant professors of counselor education (N = 159). The counselor educators in this sample completed a median of two off-campus interviews and a median of one on-campus interview. They received a median of one offer for any faculty position and a median of one offer for an assistant professor position on the tenure-track. Assistant professors on the tenure-track differed from those not on the tenure track on the following variables: demographic and professional characteristics, application strategies, credentials/qualifications at the time they submitted their application materials, the importance of decisional criteria in applying for and accepting faculty positions, and work experiences and satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Society & Social Work is the property of Journal of Society and Social Work and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper examines the income inequality among rideshare drivers resulting from discriminatory cancellations by riders, considering the impact of demographic factors such as gender, age, and race. We investigate the tradeoff between income inequality, referred to as the fairness objective, and system efficiency, known as the profit objective. To address this issue, we propose an online bipartite-matching model that captures the sequential arrival of riders according to a known distribution. The model incorporates the notion of acceptance rates between driver-rider types, which are defined based on demographic characteristics. Specifically, we analyze the probabilities of riders accepting or canceling their assigned drivers, reflecting the level of acceptance between different rider and driver types. We construct a bi-objective linear program as a valid benchmark and propose two LP-based parameterized online algorithms. Rigorous analysis of online competitive ratios is conducted to illustrate the flexibility and efficiency of our algorithms in achieving a balance between fairness and profit. Furthermore, we present experimental results based on real-world and synthetic datasets, validating the theoretical predictions put forth in our study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examined academic advisors' clinically significant symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), including whether there are statistically significant relationships between advisors' demographic characteristics, work-related variables, institutional variables, burnout, resilience, and risk of clinically significant MDD/GAD symptoms. We analyzed survey data of academic advisors collected from February to March 2023 (n = 777) and found that 16.9% of advisors met the criteria for MDD while 29.6% met the criteria for GAD, rates higher than national averages. While there were some demographic differences, advisors who experienced higher rates of burnout had increased odds of experiencing MDD and GAD symptoms. In addition, advisors' resilience was associated with decreased odds of experiencing MDD and GAD symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cukurova Medical Journal / Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Food insecurity is a public health concern that may lead to malnutrition in children. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between demographic characteristics and food security level with nutritional status among children from food-insecure households in Simunjan District, Sarawak. Methods: This study involved a total of 171 mother-and-child pairs from two Maternal and Child Health Clinics (Simunjan and Gedong) using non-probability convenience sampling technique. Food insecurity status was determined using Radimer/Cornell Hunger Food Insecurity Instrument, while child's weight and height were measured following standard procedures. Chi-squared test of independence and binary logistic regression were used during data analysis. Results: The prevalences for household food insecurity, individual food insecurity, and child hunger were 70.8%, 15.2%, and 14.0%, respectively. The main nutritional problems for children aged 24-59 months were underweight (17.9%) and stunting (17.9%), while for children aged 60-144 months were overweight and obesity (27.5%). Children of mothers over 34 years old (AOR=2.367; 95% CI: 1.085, 5.164), and those aged 60-144 months (AOR=3.619; 95% CI: 1.521, 8.613) had increased odds of being overweight or obese. Meanwhile, children of working mothers (AOR=6.526; 95% CI: 1.108, 38.449) were more likely to have a thinness problem than children of unemployed mothers. However, no association was found between the severity of food insecurity with children's nutritional status. Conclusion: Malnutrition in children remains a public health concern in Simunjan District, and it is linked to mother's age and employment status. An intervention programme is required to ameliorate the situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary condition for society to benefit from autonomous vehicle (AV) advantages is the acceptance of these vehicles by people. In this regard, the factors which affect the acceptance of these vehicles among different countries should be identified. In previous studies, a major focus has been on developing autonomous vehicle acceptance models, neglecting the moderating variables' effect on these models. The main aim of this research is to investigate the effect of moderating variables including demographic characteristics, psychological characteristics, traffic experience collision, and travel/driving behavior on the autonomous vehicle acceptance model (AVAM). The AVAM was developed via structural equations modeling by participating 553 Tehrani citizens by extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology. It was indicated that the negative relationship of the perceived risk on the intention of using AVs has been higher for individualistic people, culprit drivers with a history of more than one property damage-only collision, and those without a driving license. Also, the results showed that emphasis on the advantages and benefits of autonomous vehicles in collectivist people as compared to individualistic people would lead to a greater intention to use these vehicles. • Convenience of AVs impacts benefits for older individuals in line with their needs. • Perceived risk affects AV acceptance more for individualistic people and drivers with multiple collisions. • Collectivist individuals are more likely to use AVs due to their advantages compared to individualistic individuals. • Advertising AV benefits to those with a history of collisions increases their intention to use AVs earlier than others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia is the property of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose - The study aims to identify segments of Generation Z based on common digital information features used for travel purposes. Generation Z is specific generation in terms of digital information use as they have grown up as digital natives unlike older generations. Methodology/Design/Approach - Students representing Generation Z are studied by collecting data from a structured online questionnaire consisting of Likert-type scales on digital information features. The questionnaire also includes travel-related benefits and some demographic characteristics of the respondents. Principal component analysis is performed to identify the factors underlying the information features sought, followed by K-Means clustering applied to the identified factors. The characteristics of the clusters are analysed. Findings - Based on the importance of digital travel-related information features, two distinct segments are identified to be targeted through digital marketing. The larger segment "Practical information seekers" looks for accessible and secure information and the smaller segment "Genuine information seekers" focuses on authenticity of information. Originality of the research - The study confirms the heterogeneity of the Generation Z travel market by identifying two distinct segments that pursue different digital information features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease with multi-system involvement and it has an increased risk of developing hematologic malignancies. This study aims to report the association between hematologic malignancies with SSc and to characterize in-hospital demographics and outcomes in patients with hematologic malignancies with and without SSc. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of pooled data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2016 to 2020. Crude prevalence of hematologic malignancies among hospitalized patients with and without SSc was calculated. Logistic regression was used for statistical significance of differences in prevalence while adjusting for confounders. Demographic characteristics and outcomes of patients with hematologic malignancies with and without SSc was compared. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Among all adult hospitalizations, the prevalence of hematologic malignancy was 1.87% compared to 2.66% among patients with SSc (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.52, p <0.01). Relative to the non-SSc group, the SSc group had higher odds of in-patient mortality (OR 1.43; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11 - 1.87; p<0.01). The prevalence of lymphoma was 0.71% compared to 1.04% among patients with SSc (aOR 1.6, p < 0.01). Relative to the non-SSc group, the lymphoma-SSc group had similar odds of in-patient mortality (OR 0.93; 95% CI 0.55 - 1.59; p=0.80). The prevalence of leukemia was 0.79% compared to 1.28% among patients with SSc (aOR 1.74, p < 0.01). The leukemia-SSc group had higher odds of in-patient mortality (OR 1.78; 95% CI 1.29 - 2.46; p<0.01). For myeloma, there was no difference in the prevalence in adults with and without SSc (0.4 vs. 0.38%, aOR 0.96, p=0.64) and there was no difference of in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: There is a positive significant association between hematologic malignancies including lymphoma and leukemia, and SSc. This association was not seen between myeloma and SSc. There is increased in-hospital mortality of patients with leukemia and SSc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Golf is a moderate‐intensity physical activity that provides positive physical and mental health benefits. However, the inclusiveness of the sport for individuals with disabilities globally is unknown. Objective: To characterize the demographics and disability characteristics of individuals engaging in disability golf globally. It was hypothesized that the majority of participants would be middle‐aged, male, and from countries with higher gross domestic product, similar to the nondisabled population. Design: Descriptive, cross‐sectional analysis using European Disability Golf Association (EDGA) database. Setting Various international golf tournaments. Participants: Golfers (n = 1734) with disability from 44 countries registered with the EDGA (2017–2021). Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcomes Descriptive analyses of frequencies, distributions, and means differences of demographic characteristics (age, gender, type of disability, level of handicap, golf cart use, and country of origin) of golfers with disability were performed. Data provided analysis of the association between number of participants and a country's gross domestic product (GDP). Results: Individuals had a mean age of 52.5 (±15.6) years: 1589 (91.6%) male and 145 (8.4%) female. Twenty‐three countries had female participation. The most commonly reported primary disability diagnoses were neurologic (24.8%), orthopedic (21.4%), and amputation below the knee (14.4%). Neurologic impairments (24.7%) were most common in men and orthopedic impairments (29.7%) were most common in women. Individuals with neurological impairments (27.4%) most frequently required golf carts to play. The GDP of a country had a positive correlation (r = 0.68) with the number of registered golfers with disability. Conclusion: Golf is played by individuals with a variety of disabilities and provides numerous benefits. However, there is an underrepresentation of youth, women, and individuals with certain impairments and from lower‐income countries. These are the potential areas of opportunity to improve engagement and inclusiveness of golf. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study is to elaborate different demographic characteristics and socioeconomic status of female criminals to comprehend their association with the criminal behaviors in Bangladesh. Design/Methodology/Approach: The data was collected by using social survey and observation methods. The total of 205 imprisoned female criminals of three central jails -- Kashimpur Women's Central Jail, Rajshahi Central Jail, and Rangpur Central Jail of Bangladesh were considered as the respondent of this research. Considering the objectives of present research, the following characteristics like age structure, marital status, religion, residential pattern, household structure, educational qualification, occupation and level of income, land ownership etc. were analyzed to portray the demographic and socioeconomic profile of respondent female criminals. Findings: The study findings reveal that the distinct demographic attributes and lower socioeconomic background characteristics have noticeable impact on the criminal behaviors of female in Bangladesh. Implications/Originality/Value: So it is concluded that as a new area of academic research in our country, it will contribute to the existing penal policies to bring changes in reducing female criminality in Bangladesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To better understand the implications of applying different labels to perpetrators of mass violence. Method: Two experiments (Study 1: N = 307 college students, Study 2: N = 696 community sample recruited through Prolific Academic) were conducted to examine U.S. public perceptions of "terrorist," "lone wolf," and "mass shooter" (only in Study 2) labels. In both studies, participants were randomly assigned to consider one of the terms and respond to prompts about the assumed demographic characteristics and traits of the perpetrator. In Study 2, participants also responded to prompts about the appropriate consequences for the perpetrator and the best policies to address violence committed by that type of perpetrator. Results: Participants displayed much overlap in their characterizations and responses to the labels, but important distinctions emerged, particularly with the terrorist label. Across studies, the terrorist was perceived as more religious, while lone wolf and mass shooter were perceived as more likely to be White and U.S. citizens. The terrorist was characterized by group and ideological characteristics and more highly associated with several demonizing traits, while the lone wolf and mass shooter were characterized as more depressed, sad, and lonely. The terrorist label evoked less support for mental health treatment and more support for tracking associates of the perpetrator and increasing military involvement. Conclusions: Awareness of the different associations evoked by perpetrator labels may help to avoid biases in their application and can shape how mass violence and its consequences are conceptualized by the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data about changes in the characteristics of ED return visits before and after the COVID-19 outbreak are limited. This study aimed to report the differences on utility in ED return visits after the COVID-19 outbreak. This retrospective cohort study was conducted from 2019 to 2020. Adult patients with ED return visits were included in the analysis. Variables including demographic characteristics, pre-comorbidities, triage levels, vital signs, chief complaints, management, and diagnosis were recorded and confirmed via a manual assessment. The proportion of patients with ED visits decreased by 23%. Hence, that of patients with ED return visits also reduced from 2580 to 2020 patients (22%) after the COVID-19 outbreak. The average age (60–57.8 years) of patients with return visits was significantly younger, and the proportion of female patients decreased remarkably. Further, the proportion of patients with chronic pre-existing diseases at the return visit significantly differed after the COVID-19 outbreak. The proportion of patients with chief complaints including dizziness, dyspnea, cough, vomiting, diarrhea, and chills during the return visits significantly differed before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. In the multivariable logistic regression model, age, high triage level were significantly associated with unfavorable outcome return visit. The use of services in the ED has changed since the COVID-19 outbreak. Hence, the proportion of patients with unplanned return visits within 72 h decreased. After the COVID-19 outbreak, people are now cautious whether they should return to the ED, as in the pre-pandemic situation, or just treat conservatively at home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to reveal the mediating role of organisational culture in the relationship between charismatic leadership and corporate reputation. The universe of the study consists of health sector workers working in Istanbul. The analysis of the data obtained from the survey application of the data collected from 405 employees in the five-point Likert scale was carried out with SPSS 26.0 program, and a 95% confidence level was studied. Frequency and percentage statistics for categorical variables, mean, standard deviation and minimum and maximum statistics for numerical variables are given. In the study, the mediation model was tested with Proces Hayes Regression. Non-hierarchical clustering was used to divide the sample into groups using scale scores, and the Chi-square test was used to relate demographic characteristics with the determined groups. According to the analysis results, it was concluded that organisational culture has a mediating role in the effect of charismatic leadership on corporate reputation. The results of the mediation role model are mediated by organisational culture in the effect of charismatic leadership on corporate reputation. According to the clustering analysis results, corporate reputation, charismatic leadership, and organisational culture scores are statistically significant variables for clustering. Together with these results, it is thought that drawing attention to the charismatic leadership behaviours in the health sector and arranging the organisational culture in a way to adapts to it positively affect the corporate reputation perception of the enterprises in line with the proposed solutions and attracts attention will make a positive contribution for both employees and individuals who will prefer health enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Formación Universitaria is the property of Centro de Informacion Tecnologica (CIT) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: Information regarding vaccination and the association with individuals' characteristics, experiences, and information sources is important for crafting public health campaigns to maximize uptake. Our objective was to investigate factors associated with intentions for COVID-19 vaccination among a sample of U.S. adults using a population-based cross-sectional survey. Method: Data were collected via an online questionnaire administered nationwide from January 4, to January 7, 2021 following the emergency use authorization for two SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccines. Results: Of 936 U.S. adult respondents, 66% stated an intention to be vaccinated once a COVID-19 vaccine was available to them; 14.7% responded "maybe" and 19.6% "no." Unadjusted and multivariate associations revealed "no/maybe" vaccination intentions were associated with younger age, female, Black race, lower income, history of not receiving the influenza vaccine, lower fear of COVID-19, suffering moderate to severe reduction in access to food/nutrition, and lower trust in health care authorities, personal health care providers, and/or traditional news media as sources of COVID-19 information. Of respondents "maybe" intending to be vaccinated, 65% reported "a lot" of trust in personal health care providers as sources of COVID-19 information. Respondents stating "no" intention to be vaccinated were skeptical of all COVID-19 information sources considered. Conclusions: Our findings confirm observations predating COVID-19 vaccine availability regarding sociodemographic characteristics associated with vaccine hesitancy in the United States. We further identify personal health care providers as the most trusted information source among people who "maybe" intend to get vaccinated and demonstrate the challenge in reaching people not intending to be vaccinated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the ubiquity of coastal infrastructure, it is unclear what factors drive its placement, particularly for water access infrastructure (WAI) that facilitates entry to coastal ecosystems such as docks, piers, and boat landings. The placement of WAI has both ecological and social dimensions, and certain segments of coastal populations may have differential access to water. In this study, we used an environmental justice framework to assess how public and private WAI in South Carolina, USA are distributed with respect to race and income. Using publicly available data from State agencies and the US Census Bureau, we mapped the distribution of these structures across the 301 km of the South Carolina coast. Using spatially explicit analyses with high resolution, we found that census block groups (CBGs) with lower income are more likely to contain public WAI, but racial composition has no effect. Private docks showed the opposite trends, as the abundance of docks is significantly, positively correlated with CBGs that have greater percentages of White residents, while income has no effect. We contend that the racially unequal distribution of docks is likely a consequence of the legacy of Black land loss, especially of waterfront property, throughout the coastal southeast during the past half‐century. Knowledge of racially uneven distribution of WAI can guide public policy to rectify this imbalance and support advocacy organizations working to promote public water access. Our work also points to the importance of considering race in ecological research, as the spatial distribution of coastal infrastructure directly affects ecosystems through the structures themselves and regulates which groups access water and what activities they can engage in at those sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)