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This paper deals with detection and temperature analysis and of wildfires using PRISMA imagery. Precursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa (Hyperspectral Precursor of the Application Mission, PRISMA) is a new hyperspectral mission by ASI (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Italian Space Agency) launched in 2019. This mission provides hyperspectral images with a spectral range of 400–2,500 nm and an average spectral resolution less than 12 nm and a spatial resolution of 30 m/pixel. This study focuses on the wildfire temperature estimation over the Bootleg Fire, US 2021. The analysis starts by considering the Hyperspectral Fire Detection Index (HFDI) which is used to analyze the informative content of the images, along with the analysis of some specific visible, near‐infrared and shortwave‐infrared bands. This first analysis is used as input to perform a temperature estimation of the areas with active wildfire. Surface temperature is retrieved using PRISMA radiance and a linear mixing model based on two background components (vegetation and burn scar) and two active fire components. PRISMA temperatures are compared with LST (Land Surface Temperature) products from NASA's ECOSTRESS and Landsat 8 which imaged the Bootleg Fire before and after PRISMA. A critical discussion of the results obtained with PRISMA is presented, followed by the advantages and limitation of the proposed approach. This work explores new opportunities for wildfire mapping and monitoring basing on recent technological achievements in the field of remote sensing and data analysis. The input data of this research study are provided by the new satellite PRISMA (Precursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa, Hyperspectral Precursor of the Application Mission) from ASI (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Italian Space Agency). This spacecraft represents an innovative remote sensing mission for the observation of the Earth, as it provides images with a revolutionary quantity of spectral information which go far beyond the visible spectrum. Using PRISMA data, we study the Bootleg Fire during 2021 in the US, providing a descriptive analysis of the wildfire and a quantitative estimation of the temperatures achieved during the event. To confirm the results of our approach, we also compare the outcomes to the data provided by two other satellite missions: ECOSTRESS (ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment) and Landsat 8. Hence, a critical discussion of the results obtained with PRISMA is presented in order to report advantages and limitation of the proposed approach. Hyperspectral fire index for PRISMA data has been retrieved to create a wildfire detection map of Bootleg Fire, Oregon 2021Hot temperatures of wildfire has been estimated by applying linear mixture analysis to PRISMA dataMultisensor approach has been used to characterize Bootleg wildfire temperature evolution Hyperspectral fire index for PRISMA data has been retrieved to create a wildfire detection map of Bootleg Fire, Oregon 2021 Hot temperatures of wildfire has been estimated by applying linear mixture analysis to PRISMA data Multisensor approach has been used to characterize Bootleg wildfire temperature evolution

To compare the behavioral profiles in different variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA).

The Italian drill “DEEDRI” is going to be the lander based sample acquisition system for the Mars Surveyor Program of the Mars Sample Return mission. DEEDRI is capable to collect core/sand sample of the martian soil down to 50 cm in depth. The MA_MISS experiment belongs to the DEEDRI system and it will be dedicated to observe the wall of the excavated hole in terms of infrared spectral reflectance in the range 0.8–2.8 μm. The spectral sampling is about 20 nm while the spatial sampling is 100 μm over the target. The optical window of MA_MISS is placed very close to the drill tip so that the target view to be observed can span from the soil down to 50 cm. The proximity optics and electronics of MA_MISS have to be very miniaturized since they will be collocated inside the drill tool in a very limited volume of about 25 mm in diameter. On the other side the main electronics will be on the lander and it will communicate through an interface based on slip rings devices. MA_MISS can acquire in different observation modes. The images are scanned by moving the DEEDRI itself. One image ring is built up by acquiring contiguous images of the MA_MISS slit. The study of the Martian subsurface will provide important constraints on the nature, timing and duration of alteration and sedimentation processes on Mars, as well as on the complex interactions between the surface and the atmosphere. This study will permit to infer the history of erosion, transport and deposition of loose material. Alteration processes can dominate the mineralogy of the Martian surface: it will be essential to study the mineralogy of deeper layers, where a more limited alteration took place. MA_MISS can provide very important scientific return from the subsurface of Mars along with a selection criteria for the samples collection.

IRMA (the acronym stands for InfraRed Microscope Analysis) is a hyperspectral imaging spectrometer which is capable, in its present design, to achieve a spatial resolution of 38 μm in the 0.8–5 μm infrared spectral range. IRMA has the goal to first ever quantitatively characterize the mineralogy and the microphysical structure of the materials of the Martian soils and rocks down to the depth available to a lander sampling mechanism. The experiment has been selected by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), in the framework of the Italian participation to the NASA's Mars Surveyor Programme, to be part of the Italian Package for Scientific Experiments (IPSE). IPSE was to fly on-board the ill-fated MARS2003 MARS SAMPLE RETURN Mission, postponed during the early months of 2000 to a later date (possibly 2007). IRMA present state of development is compatible with a flight readiness in 2007.

To assess the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in pregnant women and the rate of vertical transmission in infected mothers belonging to a low-risk group, 1,388 women were tested for HCV antibody at delivery. Twenty-five anti-HCV-positive women with no apparent source of HCV exposure were recruited. A reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and a new quantitative branched DNA-based signal amplification assay (bDNA) were used to detect HCV RNA. The rate of anti-HCV positivity in pregnant women was 2.5% (36 of 1,388). Of the 25 cohort mothers, 18 (72%) were positive for HCV RNA by RT-PCR, 13 of whom were also positive by the bDNA assay (sensitivity 72.2%). Of the 25 infants of low-risk mothers tested at birth, 22 were anti-HCV positive, two were weakly reactive, one was negative, and none was viremic. Neither active humoral immunoresponse nor HCV RNA was detected in any of the infants over a period of 12 months. These data suggest a relatively high prevalence of anti-HCV in unselected pregnant women and a poor efficiency of vertical transmission of HCV in a low-risk population, irrespective of the viral burden of the mother-to-be.