1. Sources and trends of artificial sweeteners in coastal waters in the bay of Cadiz (NE Atlantic).
- Author
-
Baena-Nogueras, Rosa María, Traverso-Soto, Juan M., Biel-Maeso, Miriam, Villar-Navarro, Elena, and Lara-Martín, Pablo A.
- Subjects
NONNUTRITIVE sweeteners ,TERRITORIAL waters ,ACESULFAME-K ,ASPARTAME ,CYCLAMATES ,SORGO ,SUCRALOSE - Abstract
Abstract This is the first comprehensive study on the input, occurrence, and distribution of artificial sweeteners (ASs) in coastal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and their receiving coastal waters. Acesulfame (ACE), aspartame (ASP), cyclamate (CYC), saccharine (SAC), and sucralose (SUC) were monitored for 6 months in Cadiz Bay (SW Spain). ASP was always detected at <0.1 μg L
−1 and removal efficiencies were >90% for SAC and CYC. Higher ACE removal efficiencies were observed during warmer months. Persistence of ACE and SUC was observed in both WWTPs and their receiving coastal surface waters, where values up to 0.6 and 3 μg L−1 were measured, respectively. The highest concentrations were measured in a sewage-impacted estuary located in the north of the bay, where conservative behavior was confirmed. The source specificity and recalcitrance of ACE and SUC make them suitable for being used as sewage-pollution markers in coastal environments. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • Removals of acesulfame during sewage treatment increased during warmer months. • The input for artificial sweeteners rose at one wastewater plant due to tourism. • Sucralose was detected at the highest concentrations (3 μg L−1 ) in coastal waters. • Removal efficiencies were between 92 and 100% for aspartame and saccharin. • Conservative behavior of acesulfame and sucralose was confirmed in an estuary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF