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This paper emphasize notch filter derived from band pass response to eradicate the influence of WLAN in Ultra Wide Band spectrum. The arrangement of open stub integrated axially rotated symmetrical square resonator coupled with inter-digital link at both feed lines collectively form notch filter. Notch filter derived from band pass filter without open stubs. It possesses tremendous S21of -1 dB and small profile of S11is obtained around -42.2 dB with 5.3 GHz bandwidth. The proposed work highlights band pass and notch filter’s design, simulation and fabrication characteristics. The notch filter results in dual band one band from (2–5) GHz and other from (5.5–8) GHz. It is observed that the notch filter discards the narrow band frequency (5–5.5) GHz where WLAN services exist. On discarding this band, notch filter eliminates IEEE 802.11a. RL, IL, GD and phase are simulated as well as measured filter and its performances are analyzed. Filter circuit geometry obtained as (39 × 3.2 × 1.6) mm. FBW of notch filter is calculated about 115%. RL at stop band is -24 dB and IL of -28 dB is obtained.

Network resource management is one of the vital factors in recent dynamic technological computing paradigm as there is a significant degradtion in resource utilization. Network resources include networking, management systems and management support organizations. The major roles are to manage tasks, schedule resources and manage networks. It needs new challenges and requirements, making it more difficult to accomplish the intended objectives. Further, it involves complexity for mobile operators to devise solutions that are flexible, dynamic, cost-effective and intelligent with conventional wireless network. These issues can be addressed by emerging services of 5G (5th Generation) technology incorporating machine learning technique to enhance the performance within a real-time network.The work in this paper highlights the overview of the requirements, key technologies, and challenges associated with 5G cellular networks. Further machine learning techniques like long short term memory (LSTM), deep belief network (DBN), hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) are incorporated in 5G networks and addressing 5G’s challenges using machine learning. The proposed work employing machine learning algorithms will show that the performances of resource management is superior than existing methods.

An ultra-miniaturized meander line inspired dual-band filters with and without open stub loaded rectangular resonator defected on the ground plane are presented. The dual-band characteristic is obtained from half wavelength rectangular resonator which eliminating certain frequency bands forming dual-band operation. The transmission zero in the pass band is determined by modifying the dimensions of the resonator. The miniaturized meander line DGS-based filter is analyzed with and without rectangular resonator. The rectangular resonator incorporated with meander line coupling acts a crucial part in dual-band filters (DBFs). The miniaturization of DGS-based meander line inspired filters can be realised by varying the overall substrate size for (20 × 20) mm, (10 × 10) mm and (5 × 5) mm. The proposed DBF with rectangular resonator produces tremendous bandwidth ranges from 1.2 to 6.8 GHz (Band I) and 7.2–12.4 GHz (Band II) whose bandwidths are 5.6 GHz and 5.2 GHz, respectively. The filter characteristics show the filter’s return loss (S11) of − 29.55 dB and insertion loss (S21) of − 2.45 dB. The proposed DBF without rectangular resonator produces tremendous bandwidth ranges from 1.2 to 8.2 GHz (Band III) and 9–13.8 GHz (Band IV) whose bandwidths are 7 GHz and 4.8 GHz, respectively. The filter characteristics show the filter’s return loss (S11) of − 32.2 dB and insertion loss (S21) of − 1.35 dB. The performances of both filters are evaluated and analysed through S-parameters. Also, the measured results of both the filters obey the simulated results. The proposed filter is confined with the size of (10 × 10 × 1.6) mm3or (0.15) λg2which is nearly 200% less when compared with other existing design.

This paper presents three types of novel miniaturized single, double and triple band filters using DGS based modified stepped impedance resonator. The modified resonator is linked with square resonators resting on the ground plane. Three types of filters have been proposed with zero rejection, single rejection and double rejection bands. These filters are derived from one another. Hence, there exists some similarity in the filter geometries. However, all the proposed filters are distinct in its design and performance. The double rejection bands are created using half wavelength resonators to reject two different frequency bands. The single rejection band is obtained using F-shaped strip and zero rejection band is obtained using meander etched DGS structure. The proposed triple band-band pass filter (TB-BPF), double band-band pass filter (DB-BPF) and single band-band pass filter (SB-BPF) are simulated and tested with its equivalent prototype. The proposed Type I TB-BPF produces tremendous bandwidth ranges from 2.2 to 4.2 GHz, 4.4 to 7.2 GHz and 8 to 12.8 GHz, Type II DB-BPF operates in two bands such as 2.8–7.9 GHz and 8.2–12.6 GHz and Type III SB-BPF has single pass band from 2.7 to 4.5 GHz. The overall dimension of the filter is achieved to be 0.4 λg× 0.37 λg. Also the measured results are almost matching with simulated results.

ABSTRACTA metallic ring pattern backed co-planar waveguide low-pass filter (LPF) for satellite band applications is proposed in this work. A novel ring metallic pattern at ground plane and inter-digital coupling at conductor plane plays a significant role in this filter design. Design, Simulation and fabrication of Satellite band LPF characteristics are deliberated in this work. The proposed Satellite band filter produces excellent bandwidth (0–4.3) GHz, hence the proposed filter will be the best for Satellite band applications such as L and S bands. The simulation analysis of proposed filter is done by electromagnetic solver. The return loss (RL), insertion loss (IL), group delay and phase of the filter are simulated and their performances are analysed and compared with measured results. The overall dimension of the filter is 39 mm×4.5 mm×1.6 mm on considering all elements. The fractional bandwidth of filter is calculated from the bandwidth and the centre frequency is obtained about 200%. The S parameter results of LPF such as RL (S11) is about −29.3 dB and IL (S21) is −0.98 dB is obtained in simulation whereas in measurement, the RL is nearly −25.10 dB and IL is −1.52 dB.

We report on the fabrication of an all-glass vapor cell with a thickness varying linearly between (exactly) 0 and ∼1  μm. The cell is made in Borofloat glass that allows state-of-the-art super polish roughness, a full optical bonding assembling and easy filling with alkali vapors. We detail the challenging manufacture steps and present experimental spectra resulting from fluorescence and transmission spectroscopy of the cesium D1 line. The very small surface roughness of 1 Å rms is promising to investigate the atom-surface interaction or to minimize parasite stray light.