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A preintervention-postintervention study was carried out over a 4-year period to assess the impact of an antimicrobial stewardship intervention, based on clinical microbiologist ward rounds (clinical microbiology–intensive care partnership [CMICP]), at a cardiothoracic intensive care unit. Comparison of clinical data for 37 patients with diagnosis of bacteremia (18 from preintervention period, 19 from postintervention period) revealed that CMICP implementation resulted in (1) significant increase of appropriate empirical treatments (+34%, P = .029), compliance with guidelines (+28%, P = .019), and number of de-escalations (+42%, P = .032); and (2) decrease (average = 2.5 days) in time to optimization of antimicrobial therapy and levofloxacin (Δ 2009-2012 = −74 defined daily dose [DDD]/1,000 bed days) and teicoplanin (Δ 2009-2012 = −28 DDD/1,000 bed days) use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay explores the cultural dimension of the Jesuit missionary experience in China during the early modern period while focusing on the particular relationship between evangelization and writing. Jesuit missionaries identified with Chinese intelligentsia by means of their cultural civility and managed to dialogue with them on the basis of book and art collecting, exegesis and bricolage. Defining themselves as "European literati", the Jesuits showed an intellectual affinity with the Chinese wenren .... Books represent the most significant aspect of the encounter between these two human groups. While interacting with Chinese political and intellectual elite, the Jesuits tried to implement an educational programme modelled on the collegia run by the Society around Europe. The project eventually failed but, by producing books for andabout China, the Jesuits contributed to inserting this country within a universal network of circulation of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]