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Copyright of Ensayos - Revista de Economía is the property of Ensayos Revista de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Economía, Sociedad y Territorio is the property of El Colegio Mexiquense and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of International Annals of Criminology is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos de Información y Comunicación is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Politica y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Observatorio (OBS*) is the property of OberCom and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ensaios FEE is the property of Fundacao de Economia e Estatistica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ensaios FEE is the property of Fundacao de Economia e Estatistica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Ensaios FEE is the property of Fundacao de Economia e Estatistica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Comunicação, Mídia e Consumo is the property of Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumen Este documento analiza la convergencia del producto interno bruto per cápita (PIB pc) en Colombia durante el periodo de 1990 a 2013. Los resultados muestran un proceso de convergencia para los años de 1999 a 2006, mostrando evidencia estadística a favor de la existencia de dependencia de error espacial. Para estos años, los choques aleatorios en un departamento determinan el movimiento de las economías y la interacción sobre estas no está sujeta a los límites administrativos. Se puede observar un proceso de crecimiento para la región Andina y Caribe, caso contrario lo que pasa en algunas zonas de la región Orinoquia y Amazonas, lo cual permite concluir que el proceso de convergencia es causado por un proceso de factores espaciales no observables los cuales dieron una transición hacia el crecimiento de la región Caribe y Andina. Además, se mantienen constantes en el tiempo los departamentos con PIB pc alto y bajo. El principal aporte de este trabajo a la literatura sobre convergencia en Colombia es la incorporación en el análisis de los factores espacio y tiempo simultáneamente, así como la validación de la existencia de convergencia para el periodo señalado. This paper analyzes the convergence of Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDP pc) during the period 1990-2013 in Colombia. Results show a convergence process for the 1999-2006 period and statistical evidence for the existence of spatial error dependence. For these years, random shocks determine the movement of the economies and their interaction are not defined by administrative boundaries. A growth process for the Andean and Caribbean region is observed, contrary to what happens in Orinoquia and Amazon region. That convergence process occurred due to a process of unobservable spatial factors which gave a transition to the growth of the Caribbean and the Andean region. Besides, over time departments with high and low GDP pc remain constant. The main contribution of this work is the analysis on convergence that includes space and time factors simultaneously, as well as validation of the existence of convergence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Comunicação, Mídia e Consumo is the property of Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista FAMECOS - Mídia, Cultura e Tecnologia is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumen Este artículo pretende estudiar las desigualdades regionales en materia del rendimiento educativo a nivel de básica secundaria, para el periodo 2007-2012, en los municipios colombianos. La calidad educativa municipal se mide a través de los resultados de la prueba Saber 11, aplicada a estudiantes de último grado. Para tal efecto, se utiliza un enfoque de convergencia, pero a diferencia de la literatura convencional, se vincula al análisis el componente espacial o geográfico como determinante del rendimiento educativo, y variable explicativa de las altas desigualdades educativas del país. Los resultados muestran que el rendimiento educativo de los municipios no presenta un proceso de convergencia en todas las áreas del conocimiento, sino que, por el contrario, los municipios se agrupan (conforman clústeres) de acuerdo a su nivel de calidad educativa. Además, se encuentra que el nivel de calidad educativa del vecindario tiene una fuerte influencia sobre las probabilidades que tiene un municipio de escalar o descender en la distribución de la calidad educativa. This article studies regional gaps in education quality at the senior high school level, for the period 2000-2012, in Colombia's municipalities. Municipal education quality is measured using a test called Saber 11, applied to high school students in their last year. With the aforementioned aim in mind, a non-parametric convergence analysis is carried out, in which the geographical element is taken into account as a factor influencing education quality and explaining regional gaps. Results suggest that there is no evidence of convergence and, on the contrary, it is found that municipalities cluster together in space according to their education quality level. Moreover, it is found that neighbourhoods education quality level has a large influence in the likelihood that a municipality has of moving up or down the distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Observatorio (OBS*) is the property of OberCom and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Observatorio (OBS*) is the property of OberCom and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos de Contabilidad is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Comunicação, Mídia e Consumo is the property of Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)